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Section 4- Respiration and Gas Exchange
- Respiration
- Aerobic Respiration
- With Oxygen
- Word Equation= Glucose + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water
- Symbol Equation= C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O
- Symbol Equation= C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O
- With Oxygen
- Anaerobic Respiration in Animals
- Without oxygen
- Glucose --> Lactic Acid
- When exercising and your muscles ache, it is
the build up of lactic acid you are feeling
- Without oxygen
- Anaerobic Respiration in Plants
- Without oxygen
- Glucose --> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide
- Fungi like yeast do anaerobic
respiration, so we use it to make beer
- Without oxygen
- RESPIRATION IS NOT BREATHING IN AND OUT!!
- RESPIRATION IS THE PROCESS OF
RELEASING ENERGY FROM
GLUCOSE, WHICH HAPPENS
CONSTANTLY IN EVERY LIVING
CELL
- Aerobic Respiration
- Gas Exchange in Plants
- Plants exchange gases by diffusion
- When plants photosynthesise they use CO2 from
the atmosphere and produce O2 as a waste
product
- Therefore, when plants respire they use O2 and produce
CO2 as a waste product
- Therefore, when plants respire they use O2 and produce
CO2 as a waste product
- When a plant is photosynthesising it uses up lots of CO2 so
there's not a lot left inside the leaf. This encourages more CO2
to move into the leaf by diffusion (from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration)
- Lots of O2 is being made as a result of
photosynthesis. Some is used during
respiration and the rest is diffused out
of the leaf via the stomata (moving from
an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration)
- Leaves are designed for Gas Exchange
- Leaves have stomata for diffusion
- Close at night (in dark)
- Close at night (in dark)
- There are air spaces which allow
gasses to move easily through the
leaf
- Large surface area
- Leaves have stomata for diffusion
- Plants exchange gases by diffusion
- Respiratory System
- Exercise
- More movement= Higher breathing rate
- Muscles respire and require more oxygen
- More movement= Higher breathing rate
- Lungs and Thorax
- The thorax is the top part of our body, it stops at the diaphram
- Lungs= protected by ribs
- Surrounded by pleural membranes
- Surrounded by pleural membranes
- Air breathed in goes through the
trachea which splits into 2 tubes
called bronchi (one to each lung).
The bronchi splits into smaller tubes
called bronchioles which finally end
with small bags called alveoli where
gas exchange takes place
- The thorax is the top part of our body, it stops at the diaphram
- Exercise
- Human Gas Exchange
- Alveoli
- Lungs contain millions of alveoli
where gas exchange takes place
- Blood coming from the rest of the body contains a high concentration of
CO2 and very little O2 so CO2 diffuses out of the blood into the alveoli to be
breathed out, while O2 diffuses out of the alveoli into the blood.
- Specialised for Gas Exchange
- Large surface area
- Moist lining for gasses to dissolve in
- Thin Walls
- Good blood supply
- Walls are permeable
- Large surface area
- Lungs contain millions of alveoli
where gas exchange takes place
- Smoking
- Smoking damages the walls of the alveoli
- Tar in cigarettes damage the cilia in your lungs and
trachea which usually stop dust and germs getting
into the lungs...
- Tar also irritates the bronchi encouraging
excess mucus to be produced causing smokers
cough
- Carbon monoxide reduces amount of oxygen in blood so heart rate and blood pressure
increase, leading to heart disease ect..
- Smoking damages the walls of the alveoli
- Alveoli
Anexos de mídia
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