mod 31 intro to intelligence

Intelligence quotient Definition The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations General intelligence Underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by tasks on intelligence tests Factor analysis - statistical procedure to identify clusters of related items on a test L. L. thurston - created 7 clusters of primary mental abilities Word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, memory Contemporary intelligence theories Multiple intelligence Howard gardner Believed that a person does not have an intelligence but multiple ones that function independently to the others Aptitude Linguistic, logical, musical, spatial, kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, naturalist Critics No measurement for the abilities Music and athletics are talents not intelligences Triarchic intelligences Robert sternberg Triarchy Analytical - well defined problems with single right answer Creative - adapting to new and novel situations Practical - requirements for everyday tasks Critics Triarchy is not independent but have an underlying general intelligence Emotional Mayer, salovey, caruso Ability to perceive, understand, manage and use emotions Perceive - recognize them in faces, music, and stories Understand - predict them and how they change Manage - how to express them Use - to adapt or creatively think High scores on emotional tests Higher quality interactions Avoid being overwhelmed by negative emotions Read emotions in others and react appropriately Better job performance Intelligence and creativity Creativity - ability to produce novel and valuable ideas 5 components of creativity (sternberg and lubart) Expertise - well developed knowledge base Imaginative thinking - see things in novel ways recognize patterns, make connections Venturesome personality - tolerates ambiguity and risk, perseveres in overcoming obstacles and seeks new experiences Intrinsic motivation- motivated by interest, enjoyment, satisfaction, or challenge Creative environment - sparks, supports, and refines creative ideas Neurological measurement Brain anatomy Neural plasticity - ability to adapt and grow neural connections in response to the environment Higher educated people have: More synapses than normal More grey matter Functioning Quick bitterness Perceptual speed - the speed at which you perceive stimuli. Faster speeds indicate higher intelligence Neurological speed - the speed at which you process stimuli