Citizens

Citizens are members of a community who owe loyalty to a government, and in return are entitled to its protection.Civics is the study of the duties and rights of citizens.Citizenship is the duties and rights of citizens (it dates back 2,000 years to Greece and Rome).Government is the ruling authority for a community.Naturalization is the legal process to gain citizenship.Aliens are foreign born residents who have not been naturalized.A refugee is a person fleeing from his/her country to escape danger.

Ellis Island- Immigrants from Europe and the West coast of Africa came here to immigrate. In 1892-over 12 million immigrants came through Ellis island.In 1907 1 million immigrants came through. Immigrants have to go through the island first so there is no illegal immigrants and so if they have disease it is not spread to America. On he island you were "given" your name. The "sister" of Ellis island (which was in California) was Angle island. Immigrants Asia and the Pacific immigrated here. This island was not as well know as Ellis island, but it took in more immigrants.

The relationship between civics and citizenship is that civics is the study of citizenship, so when you study civics you can become a better citizen. Roots of CitizenshipAncient Greece and Rome:MaleOwn landBorn naturally1700's France & the United States: Male (white) Own land (wealthy) They defined citizenship as belonging to a nation Created the saying consent of the governed            Consent of the governed is one of the guiding principals of the constitution            (Approval of the people or citizens) United States today: Citizens are through birth or naturalization process Not based on wealth, gender, race, or religion        14th amendments 1868- modern definition of a U.S. citizen (Slaves and women are now citizens (1920s women can vote)).

U.S. citizenship      Natural Born Citizens             Born on U.S. soil (within the 50 states, American territory, or a U.S. military base).             Parent is a U.S. citizen (you only need one parent)                  Duel citizenship (one parent is a citizen of another country and one parent is a U.S. citizen).      Naturalized Citizens             18 years or older              Have a lawful resident for 5 years              Read, write and speak English (they must have an interview and a test in English)              Good moral character              Show an understanding of U.S. civics

Legal Resident Alien A legal immigrant who has permission to come into the U.S. without becoming a citizen.        Have a permeate address        They have to apply for a visa and carry a green card (papers immigrants have to carry at all times). Legal Non- Resident Alien Has permission in the U.S. for a limited period of time         Students         Vacations over 30 days Refugee Someone who comes here fleeing from somewhere         Resident Alien         Can come here faster Illegal AlienDoes not have permission to enter the U.S.

How to gain U.S. citizenship:(This can take 5-10 years).1. Fill out an application2. U.S.C.I.S. (Unites States custom immigration service) interviews you for citizenship3. You get a citizenship test4. Take an oath of allegiance to the U.S.5. Sign a citizenship documentHow to lose citizenship:      Expatriation:           Give allegiance to another country      Denaturation:            If you lie during the naturalization test, you lose citizenship and are deported back to your country      Crimes against the U.S.            Treason             Rebellion (overthrow the government)             Terrorism

Duties     Attend School          People 7-16 must attend school. This is because when you are 16 you can get a job. It also teaches them problem solving.      Pay taxes            Keeps the government running            Pays employees                    Income taxes                    Sales taxes     Obey the Law             Follow the rules the government gives us             Consequences for not obeying the law             It keeps the country balanced     Serve in court          Jury          Have a duty to serve as a witness.     Defend the Nation          Male citizens 18-25 have to register with the selective service system          They nave not drafted anyone since 1973 because of the amount of volunteers there has been Responsibilities     Stay informed          Know what to do in an emergency          Learn new about society and new discoveries                 News, radios, books, etc.      Vote            Be well informed           Must be 18 years of age       Be tolerant of others             Tolerance includes respecting:                    private and public property                    opinions                    beliefs                    practices              Tolerance is being kind to others and respecting them and their differences.                Contribute to the community               Participate              Volunteer              Recycle 

Vocab

Ellis and Angle Island

Roots of Citizenship

U.S. citizenship

Duties and Responsibilities