Some birds roll in dust to:

Two animals of the same species grooming each other shows:

Through play, young animals practice and perfect such important life skills as:

During play, wild felines learn to gauge the distance between themselves and their potential prey simply by:

A kitten at play isn't merely exercising high spirits, but also:

A particular species' locomotive techniques:

Long-distance travelers, like birds, set their course by:

A range of creatures, including bees, dolphins, and many birds, have microscopic body compasses that:

Hunting dogs are specially bred to follow:

The ferret's legendary scenting abilities have found their way:

Salmon use their sense of taste to:

Migration typically involves:

Inherited characteristics have huge effects on:

The enormous variety of dog breeds, each with its particular specialty, results from:

Every species displays a range of behavior patterns typical of its:

Many adult birds automatically regurgitate:

Instinctive behaviors are often characteristic patterns of:

Instinct permits animals to perform:

A honeybee has an innate capability to:

This founding father of modern ethology dedicated much of his research to identifying various kinds of fixed action patterns:

Lorenz discovered that a young animal:

Experts now conclude that imprinting allows newborns:

To survive, an immature animal must recognize its own:

Among cats and dogs, the sensitive period typically extends from:

Newborn cats and dogs exposed to caring human contact during the sensitive period:

Young animals who don't socialize with people, or who experienced cruelty or indifference at the hands of humans, often:

Several basic types of learning include:

Habituation allows an animal to filter out the many:

Learning by trial and error, also called instrumental learning, unfolds as:

In the wild, young animals learn where they fit into the larger group by:

Mapping is essential for:

Exploring a new environment combines sight and smell to locate:

Dogs, cats, and rodents use the glands on their paws and around their faces to deposit:

Dogs that are trained to obey humans at an early age:

Training begins:

The greater part of training is to:

The most common problems dog owners confront are:

Because experts agree that prevention is easier than correction, the first step is to:

Persistent house soiling may be caused by a:

The only effective way to prevent spraying in dogs is to:

Some dogs soil indoors simply because they're:

A less common cause of house soiling is:

Fear can stem from a number of conditions, including:

Dogs can become agitated if discipline is administered:

Aggressive behavior, which can range from simple growling to a violent physical attack, usually extends from:

Aggression often arises simply because no one has assumed the role of:

When dogs beg, they can endanger not only themselves but:

When dogs beg, owners should:

Many cat behavioral problems arise simply because:

Because they don't experience a dog's biological need for discipline, cats are:

The most common behavioral problems cat owners face are:

Trying to discipline a cat without understanding what prompted its inappropriate behavior or unpleasant actions will usually:

If a cat breaks litter box training more than once, it's imperative to:

Cats break litter box training for the following reasons:

Cats allowed outdoors break litter box training because their owners:

Cats must regularly strip away their:

Cats need to flex and exercise the:

If cats don't have a scratching post or similar implement:

Cats need to chew to:

Like clawing, chewing is a:

A cat that trespasses onto tables, bookcases, window ledges, and other unsuitable places is stimulated by:

As with dogs, aggressive feline behavior, which can run the gamut from growling or hissing to furious scratching or biting, usually stems form:

Owners must discourage cats from begging that doesn't:

The most common problems bird owners confront are:

Birds scream in response to:

In general, birds bite for three reasons:

If a bird experiences fear or excitement, the bird is simply responding to:

Simply returning a bird to its cage after it bites will:

Birds often bite aggressively because:

The most common problems rodent owners confront are:

Rodents almost always bite when:

Before attempting to handle mice, gerbils, hamsters, or other rodents, owners should:

Rodents must be lifted:

Young rodents may bite out of:

Rodents in the same cage may display:

Mice can usually live together in:

Gerbils can be quite affectionate with one another, however play can:

Four basic factors apply to all correction methods:

Without consistent reinforcement, positive behavioral skills are apt to:

What is the cornerstone of any successful attempt to resolve problem behavior?

An animal mother's typical approach to training includes:

People attempting to correct or modify a problem behavior must have:

The essential goal of solving problem behavior is to:

Most experts agree that which type of training programs can successfully alter animal behavior?

What are two basic types of reward?

Trainers and behavior modification specialists prefer to use:

In the beginning, it's usually best to combine:

Initial behavior modification sessions should be no more than:

Good behavior must be rewarded:

Experts recommend conducting early sessions in a:

What is the most difficult aspect of any attempt at behavior modification?

The only physical reprimand an animal will tolerate is a:

When administering a reprimand, the owner or trainer must:

The most successful types of reprimands forge an:

What is the aim of any type of reprimand?

What must be made to seem unpleasant?

What usually provides a jolt sufficient to link the physical sensations of a racing heart and a burst of adrenaline with whatever behavior preceded the noise?

Reprimands are best accompanied with a:

As with rewards, reprimands usually work only:

Intermittent rewards for good behavior tend to:

Allowing inappropriate behavior to pass without reprimand even once:

The best way to solve behavior problems is thus to:

Dogs with behavior problems need their owners to:

Trainers can give specialized training for:

Professional training falls under three broad categories:

Early training sessions should last no more than:

The basic tools of training include:

What are the best materials for training leashes?

Owners must toss a throw chain:

Basic commands that every dog should know:

As a deterrent against house soiling, experts recommend:

If a dog consistently soils while its owner is away from home:

Owners can solve many anxiety problems by gradually conditioning their dogs to accept the owner's absence. An owner thus training a dog first:

An owner who catches a dog chewing an unsuitable item like a shoe must:

Owners can inhibit destructive behavior that occurs in their absence by:

If a dog develops a habit of chewing electrical cords, personal items, or decorative objects, experst recommend:

Bitter Taste is a:

To treat items like chair legs and end tables, make a:

Alum is a:

Dogs deprived of exposure to people and other animals tend to regard most:

In case of extreme aggression-or when any of the larger breeds show aggressive tendencies-owners need to probably engage:

As they grow into adult cats, kittens readily transfer their:

What works well to inhibit cats from clawing furniture, prancing across counters, or taking a leisurely nap on the dinner table?

What are methods of booby-trapping?

Chewing or teething in a cat requires a:

If a cat breaks litter box training when no medical condition warrants it, the cat must be:

If a cat repeatedly breaks litter box training:

If a bird squawks or screams persistently with no medical or physical basis, the owner may try:

To give a distressed bird the soothing change it needs:

A bird left on its own for long periods may require:

Birds often bite someone who attempts to:

A bird often investigates with its:

One of the best ways to correct a biting habit in birds is to employ what trainers call a:

Steps to calm a rodent that is nervous or skittish:

Once the rodent is used to stepping on your hand:

What are currently the best ways to correct behavorial problems and teach pets new habits?