What are the defense cells found in pulp?
T - lymphocytes
B - lymphocytes
Histiocytes
Rouget cells / pericytes
Dendritic antigen presenting cell
Mast cell
T lymphocytes increase when
T lymphocytes are present in ❌in normal dental pulp
T lymphocytes is a ❌cell with ❌ nucleus and ❌ rim of cytoplasm
B lymphocytes are present in the normal pulp
Macrophages tend to be peripherally located in the pulp
Macrophages tend to be ❌ located in the pulp
What are the characteristics of histiocytes in dental pulp?
Large irregular cells
Small irregular cells
Large regular cells
Long sharp processes
Short blunt processes
Dark staining nucleus
Pale nucleus
Clear areas in cytoplasm
Dark granules scattered in cytoplasm
Large lysosomes
Pulp macrophages are involved in the
What is another name for pericytes?
Rouget cells
Fibroblast
Undifferentiated ectomesenchymal cells
Rouget cells are ❌ capable of ❌
Characteristic of dendritic antigen presenting cells
50microm long
40microm long
Have 3 or more main dendritic processes that branch
Have 5 or more dendritic processes that branch
Like macrophages, dendritic antigen presenting cells are distributed largely around odontoblast and central blood vessels
Antigen dendritic cells are distributed largely around and
Dendritic antigen presenting cells are phagocytic and increase in number in carious teeth
According to relation to dentin: pulp stones are classified into: , and denticles.
Almost all denticles begin as free denticles.
A deep cavity preparation can be hazardous for a young old( young, old ) person.
As age increase, pulp chamber becomes ❌ due to ❌ dentin formation at the ❌ of pulp chamber.
What root should we advance towards when opening the chamber of a lower molar?
Distal root
Lingual root
Medial root
Which direction should when advance towards when opening pulp chamber in an upper molar?
Buccal root
Accessory canals located near coronal part of root or in the bifurcation area a deep periodontal pocket may cause inflammation of the pulp
Exposed pulp can be preserved if proper procedures are applied.
A non vital tooth becomes and is subjected to .
Some material such as ❌ seem to facilitate dentin bridge formation.
Biologically active molecules that have a direct affect on differentiation and activation of hard tissue forming cells
Bone morphogenetic protein
TGF - B
Components of dentin matrix
FGF - 8
SHH
TGF - A
According to structure: pulp stones are classified into: , and .
True denticles are common.
True denticles are similar in structure to dentin enamel( dentin, enamel ), containing, dentinal tubules hydroxyapatite crystals( dentinal tubules, hydroxyapatite crystals ) and odontoblastic processes non-collagenous fibers( odontoblastic processes, non-collagenous fibers ).
True denticles are usually located close to the coronal part.
True denticles is caused by .....
Inclusion of remnants of epithelial root sheath within the pulp
Remnants of necrotic and calcified cells
Calcification surrounding blood vessels
False denticles exhibit dentinal tubules
False denticles are...
Usually found in the pulp chamber
Often occur in groups
Usually located close to the apical foramen
Usually occur singularly
Diffuse calcification appear as in pulp tissue usually following or .
What is diffuse calcification surrounding blood vessels called?
Dystrophic calcification.
Dead tract
Sclerotic dentin
True denticle
Pulp stones are always asymptomatic.
The functions of the pulp are: , , , and .
What may lead to accumulation of excess fluid outside of capillaries?
Hyperemia
Edema
Inflammation
Cloudy swelling
The extensive plexus adjacent to the cell rich zone is called the or .
Nerves in the pulp remain myelinated through out their passage to terminate among odontoblast or adjacent to the odontoblast processes.
