The term ___ was coined in 1968 as a response to the desolate state of the art developing quality software on time and within budget
Opcode
Software engineering
Scrum
Software Development Models
Reusable module is called
Subroutine
Machine code
Hexadecimal code
Assembly language instructions consist of
A string of 0s and 1s
A hexadecimal code
An opcode mnemonic
A decimal code
In which of the following periods FORTRAN language was developed?
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
In which of the following periods the notion “software engineering” was introduced?
What is an opcode?
Groups of instruction combined into words and abbreviations
A mathematical formula
A logical formula
In which of the following periods COBOL language was developed?
Which of the following clearly describes the scope of a software project?
An internals diagram
A context diagram
A sequence diagram
A functionality scenario
Who suggested to encode information on punch cards?
Herman Hollerith
Charles Babbage
Claude Shannon
John Von Neumann
Who wrote a thesis "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" (in the Bell System Technical Journal -1948) on how binary logic could be used in computing?
George Boole
In which of the following periods ALGOL language was developed?
A use case is _________.
a decision not to modify the system
a process that will run as part of the system
an argument that drives system design
a goal for actors the system interacts with
a diagram that shows what the system does
For the question below, circle the best choice for the sets of alternatives provided in the sentence The XP software development process DOES / DOES NOT include up front design. It prioritizes work according to RISKIEST FIRST / HIGHEST CUSTOMER VALUE FIRST. And, its iteration length is typically TWO-FOUR WEEKS / LEFT OPEN.
DOES, RISKIEST FIRST, TWO-FOUR WEEKS
DOES NOT, RISKIEST FIRST, LEFT OPEN
DOES, HIGHEST CUSTOMER VALUE FIRST, TWO-FOUR WEEKS
DOES NOT, HIGHEST CUSTOMER VALUE FIRST, TWO-FOUR WEEKS
Which of the following is the best choice for creating code views?
Sequence diagram
Component diagram
Activity diagram
Class diagram
None of the above
Which of the following is not a software engineering risk?
The server may not scale to 1000 users
The code for the sort algorithm is overly complex
We do not adequately understand our customer’s needs
The system is working fine, but if we try to change anything it seems to always break something else
Upper-CASE Tools to support later activities such as programming, debugging and and testing
Verification and validation is intended to show that a system conforms to its specification and meets the requirements of the system customer
Which of the following are terms used when describing formal use cases? (Circle all that apply.)
Goal
Actor
Level
Primary actor
In component diagrams, ports ARE / ARE NOT optional
Are
Are NOT
In component diagrams, the lollipop-symbol is used to represent a PROVIDES / REQUIRES interface
PROVIDES
REQUIRES
In sequence diagrams, lifelines represent the activity of CLASSES / OBJECTS
CLASSES
OBJECTS
Unit test should be written both before and after code is written
Functional testing tests against the specification
Which of the following are valid ways to avoid having a bad user interface? (Circle all that apply)
Speaks to experts who study user interfaces
Build prototypes
Limit the functionality the users can customize to minimize the interface Make sure the back end of the system works pretty well before presenting the user with the interface to avoid confusing the users with bugs and getting bad interface advice
Talk to users
Match the following: used to model domain model, used to represent runtime model, used to represent code model
Class Diagram, Sequence Diagram, Component Diagram
Class Diagram, Collaboration Diagram, Use Case Diagram
Use Case Diagram, Sequence Diagram, Class Diagram
Use Case Diagram, Sequence Diagram, Deployment Diagram
Which of the following are the best questions(s) the risk-driven model helps developers answer?
What is most important to the customer?
When are we done with the project?
How much software architecture should we do?
What programming language should we do?
Which techniques should we use in developing our project?
Both a and b
Both b and c
Both c and e
In an implementation of the singleton pattern, there is no constructor
Which of the following statements is the most correct? __________ .
A sequence diagram is used to model a sequence of activities associated with a use case.
A sequence diagram is used to model a sequence of messages exchanged among objects.
A sequence diagram is used to model a sequence of transitions among objects in a use case.
Both a and b.
Both a and c.
Which of the following is most correct? ___________.
United Models for Languages
Universal Modeling Language
Unified Modeling Language
United Modeling Language
Which of the following is best describes UML? ___________.
UML is a combination of notations.
UML supports modeling multiple views of software.
UML has evolved over time.
UML was created by the OMG
All of a-d
Only a and d
Three notations of UML are __________ .
Activity diagrams, Component diagrams, Construction diagrams
Component diagrams, Action diagrams, Sequence diagrams
Class diagrams, ER diagrams, Action diagrams
Canonical diagrams, Activity diagrams, Sequence diagrams
Class diagrams, Sequence diagrams, Use Case diagrams
Which of the following is not a UML diagram? ____________.
The Dependency Inversion Principle ______.
Helps ensure that objects are highly reusable.
Requires that methods that are present in base classes must also be present in the derived classes.
Helps ensure that objects are easy to extend without requiring change to the original object.
Requires that object interfaces only include methods that will be needed by most implementers.
Helps make changing an object easier
The Open-Close Principle _________.
Liskov’s Substitution Principle _________.
The Single Responsibility Principle _________.
The Interface Segregation Principle _________.
All design decisions should be made before coding begins
UML has many great features but its use describing domain models should be restricted because ___
It takes too long to create the diagrams.
Good UML tools are too expensive.
It is not a language known by most non-developers.
Its use is incompatible with the goals of domain modeling.
The diagrams require you to include too much detail.
Which of the following states that there are 2 persons associated with a contact and there can be any number of contacts?
Person 1.2---------Contact
Person *--------1.2Contact
Person 2----------*Contact
Person *----------2Contact
Which of the following is true of a Context Diagram? _________.
Describes how the software being created interacts with elements in its environment.
Can be based on a use case diagram.
Might show the Internet.
Describes what is in and what is outside the scope of the software project.
The primary difference between component diagrams and sequence diagrams is
Component diagrams show all potential interactions among a group of components whereas sequence diagram shows the interactions involved in response to a particular kind of request
There is very difference, they are just two different ways of viewing component
In component diagram the components use a rectangular shape with the component icon in the upper right corner but no component icon appears in sequence diagram
Component diagram represent the code whereas sequence diagram represent behavior
UML provides special notation for a subsystem element because
Subsystem elements have critical differences from components, which must be represented.
Subsystem elements and component elements are not substantially different so there is no need for them.
Component elements have important aspects that are not representable using the provided subsystem element notation.
Both a and c
Component details in UML can be shown as text within a compartment of a component
Which of the following statements is the most correct?
A component diagram shows a configuration of the system at a given moment.
A component diagram shows all potential interactions among components in a view.
A component diagram can show instances of classes.
Which of the following statements is the most correct? _________ .
A class diagram shows a configuration of the system at a given moment.
A class diagram shows all potential interactions among components in a view.
A class diagram can show relationships between java interfaces and other classes.
Both b and c.
Which of the following statements is the most correct? _________.
A class diagram for a module always has three components.
A class diagram shows relationships among code units.
A class diagram supports analyzing behavior of complex protocols.
Lollipop symbol is used to represent provides interfaces.
Socket symbol is used to represent provides interfaces.
Class and components diagrams are always very similar.
Which of the following is(are) NOT well supported by the class diagram notation? ___________.
Identifying public and private members of a class.
Identifying which classes depend on other classes.
Discussing how the system will behave.
Discussing how to add newly required functionality to the system.
Both a and d
Class diagrams can be generated directly from code.
The process of creating class diagrams is a valuable activity during design.
All class diagrams created during design of a system should be maintained as part of the project documentation.
A design pattern ______ .
Contains a description of other related patterns.
Can be useful describing how a software problem was solved by a developer.
Is a general reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem within a given context in software design.
Gives examples of code that used the pattern.
All of a-d.
What is Gang of Four (GOF)?
Four authors of Book ‘Design Patterns - Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software’ are known as Gang of Four (GOF).
Gang of Four (GOF) is a name of a book on Design Patterns.
Gang of Four (GOF) is a Design Pattern.
None of the above.
Which of the following describes the Abstract Factory pattern correctly?
This pattern creates object without exposing the creation logic to the client and refer to newly created object using a common interface.
In this pattern an interface is responsible for creating a factory of related objects without explicitly specifying their classes.
This pattern involves a single class which is responsible to create an object while making sure that only single object gets created.
This pattern is used when we want to pass data with multiple attributes in one shot from client to server.
Which of the following is correct list of classifications of design patterns
Creational, Structural and Behavioral patterns
Executional, Structural and Behavioral patterns
Creational, Executional and Behavioral patterns
Which of the following describes the Composite pattern correctly?
This pattern builds a complex object using simple objects and using a step by step approach.
This pattern is used where we need to treat a group of objects in similar way as a single object.
This pattern hides the complexities of the system and provides an interface to the client using which the client can access the system.
This pattern is primarily used to reduce the number of objects created and to decrease memory footprint and increase performance
Which of the following describes the Command pattern correctly?
In this pattern a class represents functionality of another class.
In this pattern a request is wrapped under an object as command and passed to invoker object
This pattern creates a chain of receiver objects for a request
This pattern provides a way to evaluate language grammar or expression
A type of software Life Cycle Activity which involves saving tests from the previous version to ensure that the new version retains the previous capabilities
Unit testing
Regression testing
Acceptance testing
System testing
Which of the following are examples of traditional process models?
Waterfall, Incremental, Spiral
XP, Scrum, Kanban
Waterfall, XP, Spiral
Spiral, V-Model, Scrum
Which of the following follows the correct sequence in a waterfall model?
Feasibility, Testing, Implementation, Requirement, Design
Feasibility, Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing
Requirements, Feasibility, Design, Implementation, Testing
Testing, Design, Implementation, Feasibility, Requirements
A family of software development methodologies that produce software in short iterations and allow for greater changes or design
Agile Processes
Traditional Process Models
Both answers are correct
One of the key practices in XP which ensures that all production code is written with two programmers working at the same machine or facility. This is the revision step taken to the extreme. All code is always reviewed by at least one other person
Pair programming
Test driven development
Design improvement (refactoring)
The waterfall model of software development is
A reasonable approach when requirements are well defined
A good approach when a working programs is required quickly
The best approach to use for projects with large development teams
An old fashioned model that is rarely used any more
The incremental model of software development is
A revolutionary model that is not used for commercial products
The spiral model of software development
Ends with the delivery of the software product
Is more chaotic than the incremental model
Includes project risks evaluation during each iteration
All of the above
If you need to show the physical relationship between software components and the hardware in the delivered systems, which diagram can you use?
Deployment diagram
Network diagram
Which diagram in UML is used to describe the physical components their distribution and association?
Object diagram
Aggregation (encapsulation) relationship is represented in UML notation by
Line with solid diamond at one end
Line with hollow diamond at one end
Line with an arrow at one end
Line without an arrow
In class diagram, inside each class what is to be printed?
Its name, attributes, operations and derived class
Its name, attributes and operations
Its name and operations
Its name and attributes
Key elements of use-case diagrams are
People, computer
Actor, use cases
People, classes and objects
None of them
Which of the following describes the Strategy pattern correctly
In this pattern, a class behavior changes based on its state
In this pattern, a null object replaces check of NULL object instance
In this pattern, a class behavior or its algorithm can be changed at run time
In this pattern, an abstract class exposes defined way(s)/template(s) to execute its method
Which of the following pattern refers to creating duplicate object while keeping performance in mind?
Builder Pattern
Bridge Pattern
Prototype Pattern
Composite Pattern
Which of the following pattern hides the complexities of the system and provides an interface to client using which the client can access the system?
Facade Pattern
Adapter Pattern
Decorator Pattern
In which of the following pattern an interface is responsible for creating a factory of related objects without explicitly specifying their classes?
Factory pattern
Abstract factory pattern
Singleton Pattern
Which of the following is correct about Creational design patterns.
These design patterns are specifically concerned with communication between objects.
These design patterns provide a way to create objects while hiding the creation logic, rather than instantiating objects directly using new operator
These design patterns concern class and object composition. Concept of inheritance is used to compose interface and define ways to compose objects to obtain new functionalities.
Which of the following describes of the Observer pattern correctly?
This pattern is used to get a way to access the elements of collection object in sequential manner without any need to know its underlying representation
This pattern is used to reduce communication complexity between multiple objects or classes
This pattern is used to restore state of an object to a previous state
This pattern is used when there is one-to-many relationship between objects such as if one object is modified, its dependent objects are to be notified automatically
Which of the following describes the Builder pattern correctly?
This pattern refers to creating duplicate object while keeping performance in mind.
This pattern is used when creation of object directly is costly.
This pattern is used when we need to decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently
Which of the following pattern is used where we need to treat a group of objects in similar way as a single object?
Composition Pattern
Can we create a clone of a singleton object?
Which of the following describes the Behavioral pattern correctly?
This type of patterns provide a way to create objects while hiding the creation logic rather than instantiating objects directly using new operator
This type of patterns concern class and object composition. Concept of inheritance is used to compose interface and define ways to compose objects to obtain new functionalities.
This type of pattern are specifically concerned with communication between objects.
This type of pattern are specifically concerned with the presentation tier.
Which of the following is correct about Singleton design pattern
This type of design pattern comes under creational patterns
This pattern involves a single class which is responsible to create an object while making sure that only single objects gets created
Singleton class provides a way to access its only object which can be accessed directly without need to instantiate the object of the class
Which of the following describes the State pattern correctly?
In this pattern, a class behavior changes based on its state.
In this pattern, a null object replaces check of NULL object instance.
In this pattern, a class behavior or its algorithm can be changed at run time.
In this pattern, an abstract class exposes defined way(s)/template(s) to execute its methods.
In which of the following pattern, a visitor class is used which changes the executing algorithm of an element class?
Visitor pattern
MVC pattern
Business delegate pattern
Composite entity pattern
Which of the following describes the Strategy pattern correctly?
Which of the following programming languages is the best suited to design pattern?
Java
C
Cobol
HTML
Which of the following is not a valid type of message arrow in sequence diagram?
Synchronous Message
Asynchronous Message
Return Message
Activate Message
Identify which of the following modeling elements is not associated with Use case diagrams
Include relationship
Extend relationship
Aggregate relationship
Which of the following is not a characteristic of scrum model of product development?
Incremental development
Agile nature
Stable requirements
Time-boxedscheduling
XP with reference to software development methodology is
Extreme programming
Excellent programming
Extreme processing
Excellent processing
Which of the following is a non functional requirement of a web based application?
When the user clicks a “read me” link, the color of the link should change from blue to pink
When the user clicks a “read me” link, the next page should be opened with 5 seconds
When the user clicks a “read me” link, the mouse over should show the target page title in a tool tip
When the user clicks a “read me” link, the read me page should load successfully without errors
A scrum is actually a
Software process model which is agile in nature
team pack in rugby where everyone in the pack act together to move the ball down the field
___________ enhances performance and functionality of the software after delivery
re-design
re-engineering
post checking
maintance
Which of the following models follow a purely sequential approach?
Waterfall model
Spiral model
Iterative model
Incremental model
Class diagram, component diagram, object diagram and deployment diagram are considered as types of
Structural diagrams
Behavioral diagrams
Non-behavioral diagrams
Non-structural diagrams
Activity diagram, use case diagram, collaboration diagram and sequence diagram are considered as types of
Kind of diagrams which are used to show interactions between series of messages are classified as
Collaboration diagram
All of them
Which of the following diagrams is time oriented?
State chart diagram
Which symbol is used to represent Protected visibility in UML?
+
-
@
~
#
Which symbol is used to represent Package visibility in UML?
Which diagram is like a flow chart which shows the steps decision points and branches?
Communication diagram
Object in a set of DFDs have unique names
A...is represented graphically by an arrow into or out of a process
Process
Entity
Flow
Data flow diagrams that ‘youtube’ on the movement of data between processes are referred to as:
process models
data models
flow models
flow charts
Calculating an employee’s salary is represented on a data flow diagram as a:
data flow
source
data store
process
An arrow on a data flow diagram represents a:
dataflow
source/sink
Which of the following is not true statement regarding data flows?
A fork in a data flow means that exa
In a data flow diagram, a data flow that consist of other data glows is a(an)
Compound flow
Composite flow
Control flow
Complex flow
Which of the following is a true about IDEF0 diagram?
Slides of the box: right - input, left - output, up - controls, down - mechanisms
Slides of the box: right -controls, left -mechanisms, up - input, down - output
Slides of the box: right -controls, left - output, up - input, down - mechanisms
Slides of the box: right - input, left - output, up - mechanisms, down - controls
A data flow diagram
is a process model
depicts the flow of data through a system
uses rounded rectangles to represent processes
depicts the processing performed by the system
Agile is
Sequential
Iterative
Incremental
Both Iterative & Incremental
Both Iterative & Sequential
What is/are advantages of Agile testing?
Saves time
Requires less planning and creates less documantation
Regular feedback from end users
Solves issue in advance by daily meeting
All the term
When acceptance testing is performed in Agile development?
On request of customer
After system is ready
At the end of each iteration
Daily
Who is responsible for sprint meeting?
Product owner
Scrum team
Scrum master
Users
Who is prioritized product backlog?
Arrange following scrum practice according to the order in which they are carried out. 1. Sprint planning 2. Daily scrum meet 3. Sprint retrospective meet 4. Sprint review meet 5. Sprint
1,5,2,3,4
1,5,2,4,3
1,2,5,4,3
1,3,2,4,5
… are people who are accountable for the project success.
Chickens
Release people
Hen
Pigs
What is the order in which test levels are performed?
Unit, Integration, System, Acceptance
Unit, System, Integration, Acceptance
Unit, Integration, Acceptance, System
It depends on nature of a project.
Which testing is concerned with behaviour of whole product as per specified requirements?
Component testing
Integration testing
System testing is a
Black box testing
White box testing
Grey box testing
Integrated testing is a
Both Black and White
Both Grey and White
Unit testing is a
both a and b
System architecture is determined during which phase?
requirement gathering
implementation
development
design
Verifying that whether software components are functioning correctly and identifying the defects in them is objective of which level of testing
Standard phases (requirements, design, code, test) in order to choose the most appropriate model
Waterfall
Code and fix
Spiral
Write some code, debug it, repeat - choose the most appropriate model
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