What is clinical relevance of fracture blisters?
usually in the case of extreme soft tissue edema
usually in the case of extreme skin edema
develops soon after trauma
develops gradually post trauma
if needed, treat via topical silver sulfadiazine
if needed, treat via corticosteroid cream
prevent via immbolization of fracture
prevent via elevation of fracture
treat by mainly leaving it alone for healing
What is NOT a common site for fracture blisters?
ankle
elbow
tibia
knee
Fracture blisters can be filled with either or/and .
is short limbed dwarfism. It is due to deficiency, which leads to cellular proliferation.
If the bone mineral composition is whack, that condition is known as .
What is the clinical relevance of Renal Osteodystrophy?
potential cause for osteomalacia
a complication of osteoporosis
a complication of osteomalacia
potetial cause for osteoporosis
Vitamin D deficiency is the most common cause for osteomalacia.
What are symptoms of osteomalacia?
paresthesia
muscle weakness
persistent fatigue
skeletal deformity
difficulty walking
irregular skeletal bulges
acute/localized fatigue
bone pain
What is of clinical relevance of Ricket's disease?
childhood disease
puberty disease
severe deficiency of vitamin D
precursor for osteomalacia
presents with symptoms of hypocalcemia
presents with symptoms of hypercalcemia
needs emergency pediatric attention
Treatment: changes to lifestyle
Treatment: calcium supplements
Treatment: calciferol
is the stage before osteoporosis. It is clinically marked as a t-score -.0 and -..
Which of these is not a sign of Paget's Disease?
Raised ALP levels
Bone pain
Fatigue
Bone deformity
Sticks to one area
Intense inflammation of associated area
How can you treat Paget's Disease?
Analgesia
Orthoses
Bisphosphonates
Silver Sulfadiazine
Corticosteroids
What is disease remission?
the time interval when symptoms lessen in severity
the time interval of recovery following disease
the return of a disease following a certain time interval
The National Osteoporosis Guideline Group () gives guidance for diagnosis and subsequent management of .
The FRAX ( Risk Assessment Tool) score helps identify patients who are in danger of developing within the next years. Based off of how much risk they're at, the type of is determined, such as whether using prescription or making lifestyle changes.
Which of these are definitive characteristics of osteoporosis?
progressive skeletal disorder
low bone mineral density
a t-score of -2.5 or lower when compared to the healthy bone density of an adult
a t-score of -2.5 or above when compared to the healthy bone density of an adult
scattered distribution of bone composition
What are risk factors of osteoporosis?
older age
deficiency of sex hormone
calcium deficiency
white ethnicity
asian ethnicity
ability of bones of low weight bone bearing
sex (women>men)
black ethnicity
What are ways to manage osteoporosis?
reduce likelihood of falls
adequate calcium intake
adequate vitamin D intake
calcium channel blockers
bisphosphates
teriparatide
OPG-inhibitors
