Sarah Warburton
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hard Psychology (year one ) Quiz sobre Brain and mind , criado por Sarah Warburton em 06-02-2018.

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Sarah Warburton
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Brain and mind

Questão 1 de 73

1

The central sulcus

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • goes from the top of the brain to the lateral fissure

  • separated the two hemispheres from one another

  • forms one border of the occupational cortex

  • is the seat of the primary auditory cortex

Explicação

Questão 2 de 73

1

How is a cortical region that deals with more than low level perception called?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • superior cortex

  • connected cortex

  • association cortex

  • interactive cortex

Explicação

Questão 3 de 73

1

Which of the following is most clearly associated with primary visual function?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • inter-hemispheric fissure

  • calcarine fissure

  • lateral fissure

  • central sulcus

Explicação

Questão 4 de 73

1

the primary auditory cortex is not

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • a portion of the parietal lobe

  • located within the lateral fissure

  • located in the superior temporal cortex

  • organised based on sensitivity to sound frequency

Explicação

Questão 5 de 73

1

The front of the brain is...

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • on the side of the occiput

  • where the brain is thinner rather than bulkier

  • on the same side as the cerebellum

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 6 de 73

1

Evolutionary increase of the human brain's computational power was made possible by

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • neoteny, the ability of the human body to mature after birth

  • the cortex becoming folded this is increasing the surface area

  • neural selection and reduction of redundant connections between neutrons

  • all of the above

Explicação

Questão 7 de 73

1

Which direction is towards the top of the brain?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • ventral

  • dorsal

  • posterior

  • temporal

Explicação

Questão 8 de 73

1

Looking at the brain from underneath, one can see:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the central sulcus

  • the corpus collosum

  • the calcarine fissure

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 9 de 73

1

The inter-hemispheric fissure

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • runs from the top to the side of the brain

  • runs along the top of the superior temporal cortex

  • separates the left and right hemisphere of the brain

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 10 de 73

1

the primary visual cortex is located

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • just behind the eyes, in the frontal cortex

  • posterior to the central sulcus

  • on the ventral surface of the brain

  • in the Broca's area to the left and right of the brain

Explicação

Questão 11 de 73

1

neurons

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • are sensory cells whereas astrocytes are motor cells

  • are the only type of cell encountered in the brain

  • can communicate with one another through synapses

  • are only found in the cerebral cortex of the brain

Explicação

Questão 12 de 73

1

the thalamus

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • acts as a pacemaker for the attention in the brain

  • is located under the hypothalamus

  • is not connected to the visual system

  • is a single nucleus in the brain

Explicação

Questão 13 de 73

1

the hypothalamus is primarily involved in

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • visual perception

  • central hormone control

  • general body sensitivity

  • language comprehension

Explicação

Questão 14 de 73

1

a synapse is where

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • action potentials jump from one neurone to another neurone

  • neurotransmitters from the presynaptic enter the post synaptic neurone

  • action based potential communication is relayed by chemical communication

  • neurones have their membranes fuse together to make a network

Explicação

Questão 15 de 73

1

oligodendrocytes are

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • neurone with many axonal extensions

  • cells specialised in the immune response

  • proteins set in the membrane of neurones

  • cells insulating the axon of several neurones

Explicação

Questão 16 de 73

1

all neurones have

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • a soma, dendrites and an axon

  • an axon, myelin sheaths, and neurotransmitters

  • a soma, dendrites and synapses

  • all of the above

Explicação

Questão 17 de 73

1

the resting potential is the difference of charge

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • between the inside and the outside of the neurone when it is firing

  • between the axon hillock and the presynaptic membrane

  • across the neurones membrane when a neurone has died

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 18 de 73

1

the action potential

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is adaptable in size so that the neurone to communicate stimulus intensity

  • happens whenever the power of electrical stimulation received by the neurone

  • can be produced every millisecond to support frequency coding

  • can only happen when the neurone is at resting potential

Explicação

Questão 19 de 73

1

neurones

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • are born a few weeks before we are born and normally stay alive all our life

  • can be up to a meter long in order to reach the sacrum of the spinal cord

  • are always covered in myelin sheaths to increase communication speed

  • are only found in the cerebral cortex and the internal nuclei of the brain

Explicação

Questão 20 de 73

1

saltatory conduction

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • correct is not possible on the surface of neurones that have ranvier nodes

  • corresponds to the jumping of action potentials from one neurones to the next

  • is prevented by the insulating sheath of myelin covering neurones

  • allows action potentials to travel faster down the myelinated axon

Explicação

Questão 21 de 73

1

images presented in the nasal field of view are

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • percieved by the dominant right visual cortex

  • half-percieved by the left visual cortex and half-percieved by the right visual cortex

  • processed mainly by the fovea

  • provide more detail but less motion information

Explicação

Questão 22 de 73

1

the face inversion effect

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is an argument in favour of non-specificity for face processing in the human brain

  • is the proof for the exsistence of a face module in the inferior temporal lobe

  • corresponds to a change in facial expression when a face if shown upside-down

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 23 de 73

1

pure prosopagnosia is a syndrome in which the patient

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is unable to produce and comprehend language although vision is normal

  • has a selective incapacity to identify colours and shapes

  • is unable to recognise faces although object recognition can be close to normal

  • is unable to name faces but can still recognize photos of them

Explicação

Questão 24 de 73

1

which of the following does not usually relate to visual function?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • a lesion in the visual association cortex

  • Brocas asphasia

  • a lesion in the primary visual cortex

  • prosopagnosia

Explicação

Questão 25 de 73

1

neurons in the visual association cortex

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • all have the ability to respond to stimulus lightess

  • cannot respond to contrast and motion at the same time

  • cannot respond to shape and motion simulateneously

  • can indivually respond to faces without responding to face parts

Explicação

Questão 26 de 73

1

which of the following is part of the human eye

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the lens

  • the pupillus

  • the retinalis

  • the filter

Explicação

Questão 27 de 73

1

images received on the retina are inverted (left-right, up-down), and it is overall the same in the

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)

  • the visual association cortex

  • the primary visual cortex

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 28 de 73

1

the visual cortex is where

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • decisions regarding the response to visual information are made

  • visual information is selectively merged with olfactive information

  • the most basic aspects of visual information are processed

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 29 de 73

1

prosopagnosia is generally the consequence of a lesion in the

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • visual association cortex

  • superior temporal lobe

  • calcarine fissure

  • fronto-temporal regions

Explicação

Questão 30 de 73

1

pure prosopagnosia is a syndrome in which the patient

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is unable to produce and comprehend language although vision normal

  • has a selective incapacity to identify colour and shapes

  • is unable to recognise faces although object recognition can be close to normal

  • is unable to name faces but can still recognize them on photographs

Explicação

Questão 31 de 73

1

which of the following does not usually relate to visual function

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • a lesion in the visual association cortex

  • Brocas asphasia

  • a lesion in the primary visual cortex

  • prosopagnosia

Explicação

Questão 32 de 73

1

images presented in the nasal field of view are

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • percieved by dominant right visual cortex

  • half-percieved to the left visual cortex and half-percieved by the right visual cortex

  • processed mainly by the fovea

  • provide more detail but less motion information

Explicação

Questão 33 de 73

1

prosopagnosia is generally the consequence of a lesion in the

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • visual association cortex

  • superior temporal lobe

  • calcarine fissure

  • fronto-temporal regions

Explicação

Questão 34 de 73

1

the philosophy, the earliest systematic interest in the mind-body problem in phliosophy began

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • an ancient​ greece

  • with Rene Descartes

  • with Thomas Hobbes

  • With BF Skinner​

Explicação

Questão 35 de 73

1

As regards the mind-brain problem, the materialist monist position holds that

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • there is only kind of object: the mind

  • there is only kind of object: the brain

  • there are two kinds of objects: the brain and the mind

  • there are three kinds of objects: the brain, the mind and the soul

Explicação

Questão 36 de 73

1

as regards the mind-brain problem, the idealistic monist position holds that

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • there is only the kind of object: the brain

  • there is the only kind of object: the mind

  • there are two kinds of objects: the brain and mind

  • there are three kinds of objects: the mind, the brain, and the soul

Explicação

Questão 37 de 73

1

as regards the mind-brain problems, which approach holds that hat there is only one kind of object, but that it appears quite different when viewed through different classes of sense organ

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • materialist monism

  • idealist monism

  • substance dualism

  • dual aspect monism

Explicação

Questão 38 de 73

1

which of the following is NOT true of Rene Descartes

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • he emphasised the importance of the pineal gland for mind and brain interactions

  • he reported the important case of Phineas Gage

  • he is regarded as the key thinker for the position of dualism

  • he is well known for his phrase 'Cogito ergo sum' (i think therefore i am)

Explicação

Questão 39 de 73

1

which behaviourist psychologist believed that mind was an epihenomenon, or an illusion, and thus that humans might be regarded as zombies or robots?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • JB Watson

  • BF Skinner

  • Antonio Damasio

  • David Chalmers

Explicação

Questão 40 de 73

1

lesions to which brain structures produce loss of conciousness and coma?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • frontal lobe

  • hippocampus

  • upper brain stem

  • pituitary gland

Explicação

Questão 41 de 73

1

if we could locate the brain systems that underpin consciousness we would have solved (following Charmers) the:

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the hard problem of conciousness

  • the easy problem of conciousness

  • the problem of core conciousness

  • the problem of extended conciousness

Explicação

Questão 42 de 73

1

which of the following disorders can be regarded as examples of loss of core consciousness?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • expressive asphasia (after left frontal lesion)

  • episodic memory impariment (after bilateral temporal lesions)

  • dysexecutive disorder (after bilateral frontal lesion)

  • none of the above are examples of loss of core consciousness

Explicação

Questão 43 de 73

1

which of the following is not true of the disorder encephalitis lethargica (von Economo disease)

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • it results from damage to dopamine producing cells

  • it occured just after world war I, as a flu-like illness

  • it resulted from a lesion to the hippocampus

  • it produces a disorder of loss of initiation and agency, but with intact conciousness

Explicação

Questão 44 de 73

1

In philosophy, the earliest systematic interest in the mind-body problem in philosophy began

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Ancient Greece

  • Rene Descartes

  • Thomas Hobbs

  • BF Skinner

Explicação

Questão 45 de 73

1

As regards with brain-mind problem, the materialist monist positions holds that

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • there is only one kind of object: the mind

  • there is only one kind of object: the brain

  • there are two types of objects: the brain and mind

  • there are three kinds of object: the brain, the mind and the soul

Explicação

Questão 46 de 73

1

As regards to the brain-mind problem, the idealist monist postition holds that

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • there is only kind of object: the mind

  • there is only kind of object: the brain

  • there is two kinds of objects: the brain and the mind

  • that there are three types of objects: the brain, the mind and the soul

Explicação

Questão 47 de 73

1

As regards for the brain-mind problem, which approach holds that there is only one kind of object, but that is appears quite different when viewed through different classes of sense organ?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • materialistic monism

  • idealistic monism

  • substance dualism

  • dual aspect monism

Explicação

Questão 48 de 73

1

which of the following is not true of Rene Descartes?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • he emphasised the importance of the pineal gland for mind brain interaction

  • he reported the importance cause of phinease gage

  • he is regarded as the key thinker for the position of dualism

  • he is well known for his phrase 'cogito ergo sum' (' i think therefore I am')

Explicação

Questão 49 de 73

1

which behaviourist psychologist believed that mind was a epiphenomenon, or an illusion, and thus humans might be regarded zombies or robots?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • JB watson

  • BF Skinner

  • Antonio Damasio

  • David Chambers

Explicação

Questão 50 de 73

1

lesion to which brain structure produces loss of consciousness and coma?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • frontal lobes

  • hippocampus

  • upper brain stem

  • pituitary gland

Explicação

Questão 51 de 73

1

which of the following disorders can be regarded as examples of a loss of core consciousness

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • expressive aphasia (after a left frontal lesion)

  • episodic memory impairment (after bilateral temporal lesions)

  • dysexecutive disorder (after bilateral frontal lesion)

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 52 de 73

1

if we could locate the brain systems that underpin conciousness we would have solved (following Chambers) the

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the hard problem of the consciousness

  • the easy problem of the consciousness

  • the problem of the core consciousness

  • the problem of the extended consciousness

Explicação

Questão 53 de 73

1

which of the following is not true of the disorder encephalitis lethargica (von economo disease)?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • it results from damage to the dopamine producing cells

  • it occurred after just after WW1, as like a flu like illness

  • it resulted from lesions to the hippocampus

  • it produces a disorder of loss of initiation and agency, but with intact consciousness

Explicação

Questão 54 de 73

1

which of the following is not true of the way that corvids (such as crows and ravens) hide objects when observed by other birds

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • they hide the object more quickly

  • they hide behind an intervening object

  • they distract the other bird by making loud noise

  • they wait until other bird has left before hiding

Explicação

Questão 55 de 73

1

which is true of the 'rouge' or spot test

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • it is a measure of self-awareness

  • it involves the use of a mirror

  • is has been successfully passed by several non-human species

  • it is usually passed by children after they reach an age of six months

Explicação

Questão 56 de 73

1

which behaviour has not been observed in cephalopod species (squad, octopus ect)

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • hiding in coconut shells, as examples of tool use

  • moving coconut shells, as examples of tool use

  • signing, using tenticles, as examples of language use

  • opening jars as examples of problem solving

Explicação

Questão 57 de 73

1

which of the following is true to chimpanzee language?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Nim Chimpsky is a famous chimpanzee language learner

  • Noam Chimpsy is a famous chimpanzee language learner

  • all chimpanzee language acquisition is a result of simple stimulus-response learning

  • no chimpanzee has ever learned sign language

Explicação

Questão 58 de 73

1

which of the following brain structures are best conserved across the last 500 million years of vertebrate solution

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the brain stem

  • the frontal lobe

  • the thalamus

  • the hippocampus

Explicação

Questão 59 de 73

1

which of brain structure is not associated with the experience of basic emotions

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the brain stem

  • the frontal lobes

  • the hypothalamus

  • the anterior cingulate gyrus

Explicação

Questão 60 de 73

1

which of the following is not true of the behaviour of mammals after parent infant seperation

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • soon after seperation (ie acutely), the infant makes distress vocalisation

  • after substantial time has passed seperation (ie chronically), the infant is passive and subdued

  • distress vocalisation can be decreased in the infant by contact comfort

  • distress vocalisation can be increased in the infant by administering opiates

Explicação

Questão 61 de 73

1

in 1971, Jane Goodall described that a chimpanzee avoided retrieving a piece of fruit in front of the others, because she might have to share the fruit. Here Goodall was reporting an example of

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • theory of mind

  • mirror self awareness

  • tool use

  • problem solving

Explicação

Questão 62 de 73

1

Thomas Nagels famous essay about bats and animal minds suggested that...

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • theres evidence

  • no current evidence

  • don’t know what it’s like as it’s impossible due to principle

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 63 de 73

1

Alex the parrot is not able to

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • name qualities

  • name colours and shapes

  • understand concepts such a larger and different

  • ask questions

Explicação

Questão 64 de 73

1

the orbitalfrontal cortex

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • lies behind the central sulcus

  • inhibits socially inacceptable behaviour

  • is spared by prefrontal lobotomy

  • is another name for Brocas area

Explicação

Questão 65 de 73

1

In a patient with bilateral destruction of the amygdala, which of these symptoms would be lease expected

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the incapability to determine that pictures depicit concrete or abstract objects

  • low memorisation of emotionally negative events presented in a story

  • reduced bilateral activation of the amygdala while viewing the negative pictures

  • the same startle response while viewing neutral and unpleasant pictures

Explicação

Questão 66 de 73

1

the limbic system is involved in

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • emotions and balancing

  • memory and language

  • language, balance and sleep

  • memory and emotions

Explicação

Questão 67 de 73

1

change in behaviour

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • following brain injury can be exactly predicted from brain lesions

  • cannot modify the structure and/or function of the human brain

  • are more complex for association cortex lesions than primary sensory lesions

  • the ​result from physical alterations of brain tissue, not chemical changes

Explicação

Questão 68 de 73

1

prefrontal lobotomy​

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • is the best method to treat patients with abnormal social behaviour

  • refers to the injection of neuroleptics in the prefrontal cortex

  • was developed because neuroleptics had not yet been invented

  • corresponds to the cutting of the corpus collosum

Explicação

Questão 69 de 73

1

which of the following has least to do with emotions

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • the amygdala

  • the basal ganglia

  • the sense of smell

  • the peri-aqueductal grey matter

Explicação

Questão 70 de 73

1

patients with a lesion in the amygdala

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • tend to be hyper sensitive to sudden noises and are started by them

  • tend to only remember emotional details when they read a story

  • don't understand well the content of speech but are bothered by prosody

  • none of the above

Explicação

Questão 71 de 73

1

a member of an African tribe who had never had contact with our civilisation expressed emotions that are highly recognisable by european observers. This shows that...

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • people if Africa learnt to express emotion in the same way as Europeans

  • the African tribe in question in fact had unreported contacts with European civilisation

  • emotional expression has a genetic basis and is universal

  • all of the above

Explicação

Questão 72 de 73

1

labotomy in the 1950s

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • involved removing the majority of the frontal lobe from the patients brain leaving them only sound tissue

  • was used as a last resort to assist patients with severe and debiliating anxiety attacks

  • was inspired by the case of Phinease Gage who survived a terrible accident

  • involved anesthesia and several hours of operation for every patient

Explicação

Questão 73 de 73

1

frontal patients

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • have more violent urges to do things and are often seen as unstoppable by their family

  • manifest from major memory losses and struggle to remember things that have happened to them

  • show little interest in others and themselves and struggle to initate actions

  • have severly dystfunctional language in both comprehension and production

Explicação