-Wegener suggested that the boundaries of the continents seemed to fit together. In which case is it most evident?
Between Africa and North America.
Between America and South of Africa.
Between Africa and South America
Where have fossil organisms, which are identical and lived more than 100 million years ago, been discovered?
In different countries.
In the Atlantic ocean.
On different landmasses that today are separated by thousands of kilometers of open ocean.
What phenomenon transports the geothermal energy from the Earth's core to the surface?
Core convection
The mantle
Convective flow.
Why are the materials of the deeper layers of the mantle descending?
Because they are hot and therefore are less dense than the materials that are above them.
Because they are cold and are more dense than the materials above them
Because they are hot and more dense than the materials that have below them.
What is the energy that is stored under the earth's surface called?
Geothermal gradient
Geothermal energy
Both a and b are correct
What is the internal substance that is coming out of the volcanoe called?
Crystal rocks
Magma
Lava
What is lava made of?
Crystals, bubbles and volcanic glass
Crystal rocks and volcanic glass
What happens in divergent boundaries?
New lithosphere is formed
New asthenosphere is formed
Lithosphere is neither produced nor destroyed
What does the flow from the asthenosphere, in a transform boundary, do?
It destroys some lithosphere
It pushes the plates in opposites directions
It destroys some asthenosphere
Is there a natural magnetic field which goes through the earth?
True
False
Neither a nor b are correct
How long does a tectonic plate move in one year?
1 - 20 cm
2 -40 cm
1-18 cm
The study of seismic waves has revealed that there is an existence of five concentric layers, which order is correct?
Lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core.
Lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, inner core, medium core.
Lithosphere, mesosphere, asthenosphere, medium core, outer core.
Why do mechanical properties of rocks change with depth?
Because of temperature and heat
Because of temperature and pressure
All of the above are correct
What type of boundary is non-existent?
Divergent boundary
Transform fault boundary
Convert boundary
When was San Andreas fault formed?
15 Million years ago
3O Million years ago
5 Million yeas ago
How many tectonic plates are there in the earth’s lithosphere?
15
16
7
What is the name of the tectonic plate that surrounds the continent of Africa?
Antarctic plate
Scotia plate
African plate
Which boundary produces volcanoes?
Continental-Oceanic
Oceanic-Oceanic
Continental-Continental
Why does the temperature increase in the sunken plate?
Because of the pressure and friction
Pressure
Friction
What is the function of the Earth's magnetic field?
Protects the Earth from solar wind and cosmic rays.
It orientates you to the magnetic South Pole and the geographic North Pole.
Provides movement for the Earth.
The tectonic plates move slowly. In one year the tectonic plates move between 10 and 24 centimeters. True or False?
No, tectonic plates move quickly, within a year, they move between 10 and 24 centimeters
No. Tectonic plates move slowly, in one year, they move between 1 and 18 centimeters.
Where is the lithosphere located?
At the top of the Geosphere
Between the Asthenosphere and the mesosphere
Between the Outer Core and the Mesosphere
How many degrees is the inner core?
7000 C
5400 C
5800 C
How did we find out about the composition of the geosphere?
By studying data from seismic waves
By gathering information from the past
By analyzing samples obtained from drills
How many kms do we have to drill to get into the Earth?
10-20 km
30-50 km
75-100 km
The earth's magnetic field protects the earth from what?
Solar wind and radiation
Solar wind and cosmic rays
Solar wind, cosmic rays and radiation
What is the lithosphere?
It is a layer formed by approximately fifteen independent pieces
It is a continuous layer
It is a continuous layer formed by tectonic plates
Which of the 3 convergent boundaries has a subduction zone?
What produces the Continental-Continental when plates become deformed?
Mountains are formed
A chain of volcanic islands are formed
Mountain systems coasts and volcanoes are formed
What are volcanoes?
An example of direct methods
An example of indirect methods
A type of energy
What is the energy that is stored under the earth’s surface called?
Earthquakes
Volcanic eruptions
What is the core composed of?
Nickel
Nickel and iron
Iron and magnesium
What is the deepest and thickest layer in the geosphere?
-Core
-Crust
-Mantle
What generates the Earth's magnetic field?
The motion of the liquid outer core around the solid inner core
-The motion of the solid inner core around the liquid outer core
The motion of the solid inner core
What is the cause of Convection Movements?
The difference between temperature in the lithosphere and the core
The fact that the lithosphere and the core have the same temperature
- None of the above is correct
What is produced in the Oceanic-Continental Convergent plate?
subduction zon
oceanic zone
volcanic zone
What are the results of the convergence of two continental margins?
The formation of high mountain ranges
Oceanic formation
Convergent boundaries
What is the increase in temperature with depth called?
None of the above
What is one example of the indirect method?
Volcanos
Seismic waves
All of the above
What evidence states that the south part of the continent was formed by glaciers?
Geological evidence
Paleoclimatological evidence
Paleontological evidence
What is also known as the lower mantle?
Mesosphere
Inner core
Lithosphere
What is the geosphere made of?
Different layers with the same material.
Different layers with different material.
What is the layer of the outer core composed of?
Liquid
Semiliquid
What is the crust?
The earth's inner and outer rocky layer
The earth's thickest layer
The only layer in the earth
How are seismic waves produced?
earthquakes
volcanic eruptions
wind
What does the speed of seismic waves depend on?
The properties of the materials they pass through
The velocity
The weather
What causes convection?
The hot temperature of the lithosphere
The difference in temperatures between the lithosphere and the outer core
The difference in temperatures between the materials in a layer.
How is the earth’s magnetic field formed?
The motion of the liquid core around the solid inner core
The motion of the liquid outer core aro un the solid inner core
The motion of the liquid outer core inside the solid inner core
How many times has the earth’s magnetic field changed over the last 4.5 million years?
30 times
20 times
10 times
What generates the earth’s magnetic field?
The liquid outer core
The solid inner core
Which are the types of tectonic plates?
Horizontal and vertical
Hydraulic and horizontal
Vertical and hydraulic
How does the material in the lithosphere move?
It flows slowly
It flows quickly
There is no movement and no flow
How fast do the tectonic plates travel?
1cm/year
1m/year
1cm/month
In convergent boundaries, what happens to the tectonic plate that is forced under the less dense plate?
It evaporates
It melts
It stays at the same