John Stuart Mill, like David Hume is
A relativist
An ethical subjectivist
A rationalist
An empiricist
A virtue ethicisit
Hedonism is the view that
Pleasure is the only thing intrinsically valuable
Pleasure is one of the things that are intrinsically valuable
Pleasure is instrumentally valuable
Pleasure is not valuable
None of the above
A teleological moral theory is a theory that
Gives priority to the concept of duty
Specificies an end or goal to be promoted by moral action
Gives priority to virtue or character
Promotes watching more tv
In response to the claim that hedonism is a doctrine fir for swine, Mill agrees that
We are not that different from swine
We shouldn’t confuse the standard of morality with the motive for action
There are higher pleasures
All of the above
Utilitarianism is a moral theory acc to which the rightness/wrongness of actions is understood in terms of
The perspectives of virtuous people
Moral sentiments
The intentions of actions
sympathy
Their consequences
We ought to act so as to maximize happiness. This is a way of expressing Mill’s
hedonism
Theory of the good
Theory of the right
Response to the “doctrine of swine” objection
A major obstacle to utilitarianism is that it seems incapable of accommodating the moral importance of the concept of
Justice
Virtue
Rightness
Wrongness
Pleasure
Mill responds to the objection that utilitarianism is too demanding by
Distinguishing between higher and lower pleasures
Distinguishing between the standard of right wrong and our motives or decision procedures in actions
Suggesting that we toughen up and try harder
Which of the following claims would Mill reject?
In certain cases, one should make the principle of utility one’s motive for action
What makes actions right or wrong are their consequences
Some pleasures are superior in quality to others
It is always wrong to favor your nearest and dearest
Happiness according to Mill, is
Pleasure and the absence of pain
The good
The goals (telos) we ought to promote
According to Mill, higher pleasure, compared to lower pleasures, are
Superior in quantity
Superior in quality
Fit for swine
Not really pleasant
Utilitarianism is a theory that
Does not ask us to accept rules of principles dogmatically
Has an objective criterion for determining the rightness wrongness of actions
Is concerned with the common rule
An empiricist is someone who believes that knowledge is based on
Observation or sense experience
Reason
The Good
Utility
“Actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness,” This is
Ethical subjectivism
One of the rules of thumb Mill says we should generally rely on when acting
The principle of utility
A moral dilemma
We learn the difference between the right and wrong, according to Mill
By consulting sacred texts
By reasoning a priori (ie by using reason alone)
By lucky guess
By observation by gather empirical evidence
According to Mill, a life filled with lower pleasure but lacking in higher pleasure would be
Happy
Content
Too demanding
According to which of the following labels is appropriate as a description of utilitarians
Teleological
Consequentialist
Empiricist
According the a utilitarian like Mill, it is right to praise of blame people for some of their actions
Whenever we feel like it
Only when those actions are right or wrong
When we care about them
When doing so has negative consequences
When doing so has positive consequences
In contrast with Mill’s utilitarianism, Kant’s moral theory is
Deontoogical
Intentionalist
Rationalist
The doctrine of double effect claims that there is a morally significant difference between
Consequences and intentions
Intended and merely foreseen consequences
Actions and inactions
Good and bad
Right and wrong
A competent judge of the relative merits of two given pleasures is someone who has experienced both pleasures
Utilitarianism is neither egoistic nor altruistic
According to Mill, what counts as right/wrong is entirely subjective
According to a utilitarian, like Mill, the only thing that matters is determining the right or wrong of an action is the intention with which performed
Mill claims that, before acting, we should always try to calculate how much pleasure and how much pain will result from the various actions available for us to perform
Our nearest and dearest do not really matter more than others, according to Mill, even though we should treat them as they do
The utility of an action is the total amount of good minus the total amount of bad that is produced
According to a deontologist like Kant, the consequences of an action are what make the action right or wrong
Lots of things besides pleasure are intrinsically valuable for a hedonist like Mill
According to utilitarianism, some types of action are categorically right or wrong
