Social Influence Quiz- Psychology (Version 2)

Questão 1 de 63

1

Label the top table with the correct number (level of conformity) and correct letter (effects), as are found in the bottom table

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

2

1

3

C

B

A

Explicação

Questão 2 de 63

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

Informational Social Influence: the need to be ( right, liked ). Often occurs in ( new, familiar ) situations in which we are unsure how to behave, so we look to others for guidance. Usually, one person or group is seen to be more of an expert.

Normative Social Influence: the need to be ( liked, right ). This is the preference to gain social approval. It usually occurs in situations with strangers when you fear rejection. However, it can also occur with friends when you want to gain their approval.

Explicação

Questão 3 de 63

1

Name an advantage to Normative Social Influence and Informational Social Influence

Selecione uma das seguintes:

There is research to support these theories e.g. Lucas (2006) and Asch (1951
Individual differences have little effect on how these explanations of conformity affect our behaviour
A distinct separation between NSI and ISI is proposed, suggesting there is no crossover between the two. This means they can easily be distinguished when studying conformity

Explicação

Questão 4 de 63

1

Name two disadvantages to Normative Social Influence and Informational Social Influence

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

May not be two-process - they work together
Individual differences such as personality affect conformity
Contradictory evidence provided by Asch's study

Explicação

Questão 5 de 63

1

Which researcher investigated conformity, and when?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Asch, 1951/55
Milgram, 1963
Hofling, 1966

Explicação

Questão 6 de 63

1

What was Asch's sample for his conformity study?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

123 male students
40 men between the ages of 20-50 years old
22 nurses

Explicação

Questão 7 de 63

1

Which of the following descriptions best describes Asch's study?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Stanford Prison Experiment- conformity to the social roles of guards and prisoners
Lines of different lengths- confederates gave incorrect answers when asked which line was most similar to 'Line X'. The naive participants' conformity was assessed.
Shocking memory test- naive participants believed they were teaching another naive participant in order to help improve memory, however had to administer fake shocks up to 450V at 15V intervals. This was testing obedience.

Explicação

Questão 8 de 63

1

What percentage of Asch's participants conformed at least once?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

25%
37.5
75
3

Explicação

Questão 9 de 63

1

When interviewed afterwards, Asch's participants (1951) said that they conformed because they wanted to avoid rejection. Which type of conformity is this?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Ingratiational Social Influence
Informational Social Influence
Normative Social Influence

Explicação

Questão 10 de 63

1

Label the table with the effects Asch's variations had on conformity.

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

Over 3- conformity leveled out at 75%

Conformity fell

Conformity fell due to social support

Conformity increased due to ISI

Explicação

Questão 11 de 63

1

Evaluation of Asch's conformity study

The study was a child of its times- America was in a ❌ era, possibly explaining the results both in terms of American culture but also meaning that the results can't be generalised today.

The ❌ could have led to demand characteristics, suggesting the participants' behaviour was ❌.

The study also had ❌ application, both because women could be more conformist, but also because it took place in an ❌ culture (America), so can't be generalised to ❌ cultures.

Asch's study suffered the ethical issues of ❌; the participants' didn't know that the other men were all confederates.

Arraste e solte para completar o texto.

conformist

artificial task

unnatural

natural

limited

real life

individualist

collectivist

deception

psychological harm

Explicação

Questão 12 de 63

1

Which researcher investigated conformity to social roles, and when?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Zimbardo, 1971
Milgram, 1963
Asch, 1951

Explicação

Questão 13 de 63

1

What was Zimbardo's sample for his conformity to social roles study?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

123 male students
22 nurses
40 men between the ages of 20-50 years old
Volunteer sample of students who were deemed emotionally stable

Explicação

Questão 14 de 63

1

When did Zimbardo's study have to be stopped, and why?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

6 days into a 14 day study due to the negative effects on the prisoners' psychological and physical wellbeing
2 days into a 6 day study due to prisoners rebelling
4 days into a 6 day study due to the guards asking to be removed from the study

Explicação

Questão 15 de 63

1

What kind of behaviour did the 'guards' demonstrate in Zimbardo's study of conformity to social roles?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

They aimed to divide the prisoners, harassed them, and became hostile.
They attempted to unite the prisoners who rebelled, but without success
They became subdued and depressed as a result of their roles

Explicação

Questão 16 de 63

1

What kind of behaviour did the prisoners' demonstrate in Zimbardo's study of conformity to social roles?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

They became aggressive and hostile, ultimately overthrowing the guards
They initially rebelled, but ended up becoming subdued and depressed
They embraced their roles, happy to obey the guards

Explicação

Questão 17 de 63

1

'In Zimbardo's study, we can come to the conclusion that both prisoners and guards conformed to social roles, suggesting situation has a powerful effect on our behaviour'
Is this statement true or false?

Selecione uma das opções:

VERDADEIRO
FALSO

Explicação

Questão 18 de 63

1

Name two advantages of Zimbardo's study into conformity to social roles.

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Good control of variables- the emotional stability of participants was ensured, so emotional instability wasn't a confounding variable.
Good internal validity- 90% of prisoners' conversations were based on prison life, suggesting they believed it to be real.
Research support from Reicher and Haslam's partial replication of Zimbardo's study
Objective assessment of the participants' behaviour as Zimbardo played the role of prison warden

Explicação

Questão 19 de 63

1

Name four disadvantages of Zimbardo's study of conformity to social roles

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Lack of realism- participants were play-acting based on stereotypes from film
Role of dispositional factors- personality may affect conformity to social roles
Lack of research support- Reicher and Haslam's replication found that prisoners rebelled and took control of the guards
Methodological/ethical issues- Zimbardo was prison warden so had a subjective view, plus the prisoners suffered psychological
Ethical issues- prisoners were referred to by their full names, leading to a lack of confidentiality
Poor control of variables, such as the influence of emotional instability
Poor internal validity as the participants were assigned to each role based on personality

Explicação

Questão 20 de 63

1

Which researcher investigated obedience, and when?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Asch, 1951
Zimbardo, 1971
Milgram, 1963
Adorno, 1950

Explicação

Questão 21 de 63

1

What prompted Milgram to investigate obedience?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Nazi Germans in the Second World War
Americans in the Civil War
La Guerra Civil Española- the role of the nationalists

Explicação

Questão 22 de 63

1

What was Milgram's sample for his obedience study?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

123 male students
40 men between the ages of 20-50 years old, paid $4.50
22 nurses
Volunteer sample of students from Stanford

Explicação

Questão 23 de 63

1

Which of the following descriptions best describes Milgram's study?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Shocking memory test- naive participants believed they were teaching another naive participant in order to help improve memory, however had to administer fake shocks up to 450V at 15V intervals. This was testing obedience.
Stanford Prison Experiment- conformity to social roles
Line of best fit- participants had to match the most similar line to Line X, but the naive participants was in a group of confederates who gave consistently wrong answers. Conformity was assessed.

Explicação

Questão 24 de 63

1

In Milgram's study, the researcher gave four responses when the participant asked to stop. What was the general phrasing of them?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

'You have the right to withdraw'
'The experiment requires that you continue'
'You're a weak man if you don't continue'
'You aren't allowed to stop because then we can't assess obedience'

Explicação

Questão 25 de 63

1

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Results of Milgram's study

( 0, 3, 35, 12.5, 65 )% of participants stopped before 300V
( 12.5, 65, 0, 3, 35 )% stopped at 300V
( 65, 0, 12.5, 3, 35 )% continued to 450V

Explicação

Questão 26 de 63

1

What was the qualitative data that Milgram collected?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Number of volts participants continued to
Reactions to stress e.g. seizures, sweating
Participants were asked how they felt every time they increased the voltage. There responses were recorded.

Explicação

Questão 27 de 63

1

What percentage of Milgram's participants claimed they were 'glad they took part' when answering a follow-up questionnaire?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

3%
84%
65%
0%
98%

Explicação

Questão 28 de 63

1

Name three disadvantages of Milgram's study.

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Low internal validity- participants didn't believe the shocks were real
Social identity theory as an alternate explanation- this suggests that the participants identified with the experimenter and therefore with the science of the study. The first three prods appealed for help with the science, while the final prod demanded obedience. No participants continued after the 4th prod.
Ethical issues- Milgram deceived his participants, who didn't know the learner was a confederate, that their role was pre-determined and that the shocks were fake. Some also suffered psychological and physical harm e.g. seizures
Ethical issues- lack of confidentiality as the participants were referred to be their full names in Milgram's scientific report
Poor external validity- the study didn't actually show the relationship between the experimenter and participants. This may be a result of it being a lab study
Contradictory replication called 'The Game of Death' in which only 20% of participants went to full voltage

Explicação

Questão 29 de 63

1

Name three advantages of Milgram's study

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Supporting evidence from Sheridan and King (1972) who replicated the experiment but with puppies. 54% of males and 100% of females delivered a 'fatal' shock to the puppy.
Good external validity- despite being a lab study, the experiment did show the relationship between the experimenter and participants. Hofling (1966) conducted a study on nurses in which 21 out of 22 nurses obeyed orders from a fake doctor despite it being prohibited, suggesting people do obey perceived authority figures.
Supporting replication from 'The Game of Death' TV show, in which 80% of participants administered fake shocks of 460V. They displayed similar distressed behaviour as Milgram's participants.
Ethically good- participants felt minimal distress and were informed in the brief about the true aims of the study
High internal validity- all participants reported believing that the shocks were real
Researcher bias- because Milgram was the experimenter, he had a subjective view on the participants' behaviour and his behaviour may have influenced theirs, hence reducing the validity of the study

Explicação

Questão 30 de 63

1

Preencha os espaços em branco para completar o texto.

Fill in the blank spaces with the correct situational variables, as proposed by Milgram

- 1. when the teacher and learner were in the same room. 2. when the teacher had to force the learner's hand onto a shock pad

- the experiment took place in a rundown building

- the experimenter in a lab coat was replaced by an ordinary person (confederate) in everyday clothing

Explicação

Questão 31 de 63

1

Fill in the x-axis of the graph with the appropriate way in which Milgram tested situational variables (proximity, location, uniform)

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

Baseline study

Run down office

Teacher and learner in the same room

Teacher forces learner's hand

Teacher receives the orders via phone

Member of public steps in for researcher

Explicação

Questão 32 de 63

1

Name three advantages of situational variables

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Research support- Bickman (1974) found that the same person wearing three different outfits (e.g. milkman, security guard) received very different responses when asking members of the public to pick up litter according to the uniform they wore.
Good internal validity- participants reported after the experiments that they believe the situations to be real and therefore acted naturally.
Cross-cultural replication- Miranda (1981) found an obedience rate of 90% in Spanish students, meaning Milgram's results aren't limited to America
Control of variables- Milgram systematically altered one variable at a time, so the cause of any changes in behaviour was easy to identify
Milgram's conclusions can be effectively applied to any culture, including collectivist cultures

Explicação

Questão 33 de 63

1

Name three disadvantages of situational variables

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Contradictory evidence- Bickman (1974) found that changing uniform had no significant effect on the public's behaviour when asked to pick up litter
Lack of internal validity- Orne and Holland suggested that participants didn't believe the situations were real, and therefore acted unnaturally
Can only apply to American culture
Smith and Bond (1998) pointed out that replications only took place in Western societies which aren't culturally different to the US
Smith and Bond (1998) pointed out that replications only took place in collectivist cultures which don't differ from American culture
Poor control of variables- when altering variables, Milgram often overlapped them, so it is difficult to identify the cause of any changes in obedience
The obedience alibi- Mandel (1998) argued that these explanations of obedience provide an excuse for evil behaviour

Explicação

Questão 34 de 63

1

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The agentic state as a socio-psychological factor affecting obedience

Agentic state- this is a ( mental, physical, social ) state in which we feel ( no personal responsibility, high personal responsibility ) for our actions because we believe ourselves to be acting for ( an authority figure, the greater good, people without power ) as an agent. Agents experiences ( high, low, no ) anxiety but feel powerless to disobey, hence following evil leaders like Hitler.

Explicação

Questão 35 de 63

1

Which state typically allows us to disobey authority figures?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The agentic state
The autonomous state

Explicação

Questão 36 de 63

1

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The agentic state as a socio-psychological factor affecting obedience

The autonomous state- this is when an individual feels ( personal responsibility, no personal responsibility ) for their actions, and therefore behaves according to ( their own principles, the social norms, an authority figure's orders ).
The agentic shift- this is the shift from ( autonomy to agency, agency to autonomy ), which Milgram suggested occurred when someone perceives someone else as ( an authority figure, inferior ).

Explicação

Questão 37 de 63

1

Why do people remain in the agentic state?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Binding factors e.g. shifting responsibility to the victim, or denying they were doing any damage
The authority figure won't allow them to disobey
They can't exit the agentic state without first obeying the authority figure

Explicação

Questão 38 de 63

1

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Legitimacy of authority is a socio-psychological factor for ( obedience, conformity ) which suggests that, if we perceive someone as having legitimate and higher authority than us, we obey them. Authority is legitimate as a result of a person's position of ( power, vulnerability ) in the social hierarchy.
Destructive authority involves ( legitimate, illegitimate ) authority figures taking advantage of their position to commit atrocities. For example, Hitler.

Explicação

Questão 39 de 63

1

Name two advantages of the socio-psychological factors affecting obedience (agentic state and legitimacy of authority)

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Research support- Blass and Schmitt (2001) showed students videos from Milgram's study and asked who was responsible for the learner's 'suffering'; the experimenter, teacher, or learner? Most students answered the experimenter given the legitimacy of their authority.
Legitimacy of authority explains cultural differences- Kilham and Mann (1974) replicated Milgram's study in Australia and found 16% of pariticipants went to 450V, while Mantell (1971) found 85% of Germans went to 450V. This shows that, in different cultures, authority is more or less likely to be accepted as legitimate
The agentic state also explains why some people don't obey
Mandel (1998) found that Nazis who were told they had no choice but to shoot people in Poland went ahead with the shooting, supporting the agentic shoot.

Explicação

Questão 40 de 63

1

Name two disadvantages of socio-psychological factors affecting obedience (agentic state and legitimacy of authority)

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Contradictory evidence- Blass and Schmitt showed students films from Milgram's study and asked them who was responsible for harming the learner, and the students claimed the teacher was, contradicting the legitimacy of authority theory which would suggest the experimenter was responsible
Limited explanation- the agentic shift doesn't explain why some people will disobey. It also suggests Hofling's nurses should feel high anxiety when acting as agents, but they didn't.
Doesn't explain cultural differences- legitimacy of authority can't explain why some cultures are more or less likely to obey.
The obedience alibi- Mandel (1998) found that Nazis who had been told that they should shoot Polish civilians but could also be assigned other tasks still carried out the shootings, suggesting the soldiers acted autonomously.

Explicação

Questão 41 de 63

1

Which researcher investigated dispositional factors as a factor affecting obedience, and when?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Adorno, 1950
Milgram, 1963
Asch, 1951
Zimbardo, 1971

Explicação

Questão 42 de 63

1

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Authoritarian Personality as a factor affecting obedience

Adorno argued that ( high, low ) levels of obedience are actually a ( psychological, social ) disorder due to a person's personality. He used ( a questionnaire, an interview, an observation ) called the F-scale to assess unconscious attitudes to ( other races, obedience ), which would measure ( authoritarian, authoritative ) personality. He suggested that people with an ( authoritarian, authoritative ) personality were ( more, less ) susceptible to obeying authority figures and were dismissive to 'inferiors'.
People who scored ( high, low ) in the F-scale identified with 'strong' people and were contemptuous of the weak. They were ( conscious, dismissive ) of social status and hierarchy, and believed in rigid stereotypes.

Explicação

Questão 43 de 63

1

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Adorno suggested an authoritarian personality developed as a result of ( harsh parenting, abusive relationships, relaxed parenting, maternal deprivation ); this includes ( strict, minimal ) discipline, ( high, low ) standards, ( severe, minimal ) criticism, and ( conditional, unconditional ) love. This creates resentment which is later displaced onto ( 'inferior' people., authority figures. )

Explicação

Questão 44 de 63

1

Name an advantage of Adorno's theory of dispositional factors affecting obedience

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Research support- Milgram conducted interviews with participants who went to the full 450V (were fully obedient) and found they scored highly on the F-scale.
Can explain behaviours carried out by a majority, such as Germans in the Second World War displaying anti-semitic behaviour
The F-scale deals both with right-wing authoritarian personality and left-wing authoritarian personality, suggesting it doesn't suffer from political bias

Explicação

Questão 45 de 63

1

Name four disadvantages of Adorno's theory of dispositional factors affecting obedience

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Contradictory evidence from Milgram- he conducted interviews with participants who were fully obedient (went to 450V), and found that they scored low on the F-scale, suggesting that they didn't have an authoritarian personality
Limited explanation- doesn't explain behaviours carried out by a majority e.g. anti-Semitic views in Nazi Germany
Political bias- the F-scale only measures the tendency towards extreme right-wing ideology, and doesn't take left-wing authoritarianism into account.
Political bias- the F-scale only measures the tendency towards extreme left-wing ideology, and doesn't take right-wing authoritarianism into account.
Methodological issues- the phrasing of the F-scale was all in the same 'direction'- ticking the same boxes down one side of the page would give you a high score in authoritarianism (acquiescence bias)
Can't determine causation- obedience and authoritarianism may be a result of a third factor, such as a low level of education
Limited explanation- doesn't explain behaviours carried out by a minority e.g. why only some people are authoritarian

Explicação

Questão 46 de 63

1

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Social Support

Conformity- if other people are present who don't conform, it is ( easier, harder ) to resist conformity. The non-conforming individual is a model, although if they start conforming, so will the observing person.
Obedience- the pressure to obey can be ( reduced, increased ) if another person disobeys. Milgram found that adding a dissenting confederate ( reduced, increased ) full obedience from ( 65, 3, 35 )% to 10%.

Explicação

Questão 47 de 63

1

Research support for social support as a way of resisting social influence

Allen and Levine (1971) found that conformity ❌ when a dissenting confederate was added to an Asch-type study.

Arraste e solte para completar o texto.

decreased

increased

was unaffected

Explicação

Questão 48 de 63

1

Which researcher investigated loci of control as an explanation of resistance to social influence, and when?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Rotter, 1966
Milgram, 1963
Asch, 1951
Adorno, 1950

Explicação

Questão 49 de 63

1

Locus of control

People with an internal locus of control believe that things that happen in their lives are mostly controlled by ❌
e.g. if they do well in an exam, it is because they ❌

People with an external locus of control believe that things that happen in their lives are mostly controlled by ❌
e.g. if they do well in an exam, it is because they ❌

Arraste e solte para completar o texto.

themselves.

external forces i.e. luck

worked hard

used a good text book

Explicação

Questão 50 de 63

1

Loci of control are not just external or internal, they can also be high or low (e.g. a high internal LOC). What is this scale/sequence called?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The F-scale
A continuum
The LOC scale

Explicação

Questão 51 de 63

1

Which type of person is most capable of resisting pressures to conform or obey?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

High internal LOC
Low internal LOC
High external LOC
Low external LOC

Explicação

Questão 52 de 63

1

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People with a ( high internal, low internal, high external, low external ) LOC are most likely to resist social influence. This is because they ( take personal responsibility, take no personal responsibility ) for their actions, so base their decisions on ( their own beliefs, other's beliefs ) while resisting pressures from others. They are typically ( more, less ) self-confident, achievement-oriented, intelligent, and ( don't require, require ) social approval.

Explicação

Questão 53 de 63

1

Evaluation of LOC as an explanation for resisting social influence

+ Holland (1967) replicated Milgram's baseline study and measured if people were internals or externals. ❌ of internals didn't continue to the highest shock, compared to ❌ of externals.
- Twenge (2004) analysed data of American LOC studies and found that although people are ❌, they are ❌ resistant to obedience. This contradicts Rotter's theory.

Arraste e solte para completar o texto.

37%

23%

more external

more

less

more internal

Explicação

Questão 54 de 63

1

Minority Influence

❌- the minority should keep the same beliefs over time and between individuals
❌- when the minority demonstrates their dedication to their position e.g. personal sacrifices
❌- the minority should adapt their views and accept reasonable counter-arguments

Arraste e solte para completar o texto.

Consistency

Commitment

Flexibility

Explicação

Questão 55 de 63

1

Which type of conformity does minority influence usually lead to?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Compliance
Identification
Internalisation

Explicação

Questão 56 de 63

1

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The snowball effect in ( minority influence, obedience, conformity to social roles, majority influence )- as more people ( internalise the, comply with the, identify with the ) beliefs, the rate of conversion ( increases, decreases ) until the minority view becomes the majority.

Explicação

Questão 57 de 63

1

Which researcher investigated minority influence, and when?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Moscovici, 1969
Milgram, 1963
Asch, 1951
Zimbardo, 1971

Explicação

Questão 58 de 63

1

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Moscovici, 1969, asked a group of ( 6, 123, 40, 3 ) people to view a set of 36 blue-coloured slides that varied in intensity and state if they were green or blue. There were ( 2, 3, 5, 12 ) confederates who consistently said green on 2/3 of the slides. The participants gave the same wrong answer on ( 8, 1, 10, 50 )% of the trials, with ( 32, 48, 75, 23 )% giving the same wrong answer on at least one trial. A second group was exposed to an inconsistent minority and agreement fell to 1.25%. A control group with no confederates gave the wrong answer on ( 0.25, 0, 10, 3 )% of trials.

Explicação

Questão 59 de 63

1

Name two advantages of minority influence

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Research support for consistency- Moscovici showed that a consistent minority's opinion is more effective than an inconsistent minority.
Mundane realism- Moscovici's task had good mundane realism, meaning that it had significance to the participants
Research support for internalisation- in a variation of Moscovici's study, participants wrote their answers. Private agreement with the minority was higher, suggesting the participants internalised the beliefs.
Good real life application- studies take into account the influence of power and status, as well as the hostility faced by minorities.

Explicação

Questão 60 de 63

1

Name two disadvantages of minority influence

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Contradictory research- Moscovici's research suggested inconsistency in a minority was more effective than consistency, contradicting the claim that minority influence needs to be consistent
Artificial tasks- Moscovici's research involved participants naming the colour that 36 slides were, which has little real life relevance or significance, meaning it lacks external validity
Contradictory research- a variation of Moscovici's study involved participants writing down their answers. Often participants outwardly agreed with the minority, but privately disagreed- they wrote different answers to the minority even if they vocally agreed. This compliance contradicts the theory that minority influence leads to internalisation.
Limited application- in the real world, the majority usually has higher status and power, and the minority influence faces hostility. This commitment isn't replicated in studies.

Explicação

Questão 61 de 63

1

Label the bottom table with the correct numbers (reasons for social change) and letters (explanation), as are found in the top table.

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

B

3

C

Explicação

Questão 62 de 63

1

Name an advantage of social change research

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Research support for role of NSI in social change- Nolan hung signs on residents' doors which either said that most residents were trying to reduce their energy usage, or just that they should save energy. There was a significant decrease in energy usage of those who received the NSI message compared to those who didn't.
Minority influence is directly effective- minority influence often has a very immediate effect and the majority is influenced on the issue itself.
Supporting evidence from Asch, Milgram and Moscovici is methodologically correct, with minimal issues

Explicação

Questão 63 de 63

1

Name three disadvantages of social change research

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Minority influence is indirectly effective- it is often delayed by years, if not decades, and the majority is only influenced on matters related to the issue, not the issue itself
Contradictory evidence- Nolan hung signs up on residents' doors with one of two messages; either that most residents were trying to reduce energy usage, or to save energy. Nolan found residents who received the first message (NSI) didn't reduce their energy usage, while those who received the second message did reduce their usage.
Contradictory research- Moscovici suggested majority infleunce led to conformity while minority influence led to internalisation, however Mackie argued that when a majority believes differently to you, you have to think long and hard about their reasoning.
Methodological issues- Asch, Milgram and Moscovici's research all included methodological issues which hindered the validity and generalisability

	Criado por Grace Fawcitt aproximadamente 6 anos atrás

Social Influence Quiz- Psychology (Version 2)

Questão 1 de 63

Label the top table with the correct number (level of conformity) and correct letter (effects), as are found in the bottom table

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

Explicação

Questão 2 de 63

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

Explicação

Questão 3 de 63

Name an advantage to Normative Social Influence and Informational Social Influence

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 4 de 63

Name two disadvantages to Normative Social Influence and Informational Social Influence

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 5 de 63

Which researcher investigated conformity, and when?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 6 de 63

What was Asch's sample for his conformity study?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 7 de 63

Which of the following descriptions best describes Asch's study?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 8 de 63

What percentage of Asch's participants conformed at least once?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 9 de 63

When interviewed afterwards, Asch's participants (1951) said that they conformed because they wanted to avoid rejection. Which type of conformity is this?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 10 de 63

Label the table with the effects Asch's variations had on conformity.

Arraste a resposta correta para cada ponto laranja.

Explicação

Questão 11 de 63

Arraste e solte para completar o texto.

Explicação

Questão 12 de 63

Which researcher investigated conformity to social roles, and when?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 13 de 63

What was Zimbardo's sample for his conformity to social roles study?

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Explicação

Questão 14 de 63

When did Zimbardo's study have to be stopped, and why?

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Explicação

Questão 15 de 63

What kind of behaviour did the 'guards' demonstrate in Zimbardo's study of conformity to social roles?

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Explicação

Questão 16 de 63

What kind of behaviour did the prisoners' demonstrate in Zimbardo's study of conformity to social roles?

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Explicação

Questão 17 de 63

'In Zimbardo's study, we can come to the conclusion that both prisoners and guards conformed to social roles, suggesting situation has a powerful effect on our behaviour' Is this statement true or false?

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Explicação

Questão 18 de 63

Name two advantages of Zimbardo's study into conformity to social roles.

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Explicação

Questão 19 de 63

Name four disadvantages of Zimbardo's study of conformity to social roles

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 20 de 63

Which researcher investigated obedience, and when?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 21 de 63

'In Zimbardo's study, we can come to the conclusion that both prisoners and guards conformed to social roles, suggesting situation has a powerful effect on our behaviour'
Is this statement true or false?

Results of Milgram's study

( 0, 3, 35, 12.5, 65 )% of participants stopped before 300V
( 12.5, 65, 0, 3, 35 )% stopped at 300V
( 65, 0, 12.5, 3, 35 )% continued to 450V