Forensic Science is the application of science to:
Crime Scene Reconstruction
Civil Laws
Criminal Laws
Both Criminal and civil laws
The fictional character of Sherlock Holmes was created by:
Dalton
Doyle
Darwin
Denton
Who is known as the "father of forensic toxicology"?
Orfilia
Locard
Osborn
Lattes
Who developed the system known as anthropometry?
Bertillion
Goddard
Gross
Galton
Who undertook the first definitive study of fingerprints as a method of personal identification?
Who devised a technique for determining the blood group of a dried bloodstain, which he applied to criminal investigations?
Who established the comparison microscope as the indispensable tool of the modern firearms examiner?
Who wrote the first treatise describing the application of science to the field of criminal investigation?
Who established the first workable crime laboratory?
Bertillon
The exchange of evidence principle was theorized be:
The oldest forensic laboratory in the United States is that of the:
N.Y.C. Police Department
FBI
Los Angeles Police Department
Secret Service
Which of the following can be rightfully cited as an explanation for the rapid growth of crime labs during the last 40 years?
Supreme Court decisions in the 1960s
Staggering increase in crime rates in the United States
Advent of DNA profiling
All of the above
Which entity maintains the largest crime laboratory in the world?
Royal Canadian Mounted Police
Scotland Yard
ATF
Which would NOT be included in the work of the biology unit of a crime lab?
Blood typing
Comparison of hairs
DNA profiling
Fingerprint analysis
Which unit is responsible for the examination of body fluids and organs for the presence of drugs and poisons?
Toxicology unit
Physical science unit
Evidence collection unit
Biology unit
The concept of "general acceptance" of scientific evidence relates to the:
First Amendment
Exclusionary rule
Frye standard
Miranda warnings
In the case of Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceutical, Inc., the U.S. Supreme Court advocated that a "gatekeeper" determine the admissibility and reliability of scientific evidence. This gatekeeper is the:
Expert witness
Prosecutor
Jury
Trial judge
Which of the following is NOT true? An expert witness must be able to demonstrate:
Skill in trade of profession of interest to the court
Significant experience in a relevant field
A formal degree in forensic science
Education in his/her area of expertise
The final evaluate of forensic evidence is the:
Police
Accused
What is the LEAST important consideration in the gathering of evidence at a crime scene?
Adequate preservation of samples
Competent collection of materials
Guilt of the suspect(s)
Proper recognition of the evidence
Bite marks would be LEAST likely to be found in cases involving:
Murder
Child abuse
Arson
Sexual abust
Forensic ontology refers to the study of:
Drugs
Pollen
Teeth
Bones
Which of the following services are typically provided to law enforcement by crime laboratories?
Pathology
Criminalistics
Odontology
Psychology
The case of Coppolino v. State highlights issues dealing with:
Search and seizure
The admissibility of the polygraph
The evidential value of confessions
The acceptability of new scientific test
The scientific method requires that scientific evidence be validated by:
formulating pertinent questions
Formulating hypotheticals
Performing experiments
The eleven sections of The American Academy of Forensic Science include all of the following EXCEPT
General
Arson/Explosives
Jurisprudence
The tendency of the public to believe that every crime scene will yield forensic evidence and their unrealistic expectations that a prosecutor’s case should always be bolstered and supported by forensic evidence is known as:
Locard's Principle
The Scientific Method
The CSI Effect
What is the major problem facing the forensic DNA community?
Contamination of DNA samples by evidence collectors
Backlog of unanalyzed DNA samples
Lack of recent advancements in DNA technology
Existence of computerized DNA databases
Which unit applies principles and techniques of chemistry, physics, and geology to the identification and comparison of crime scene evidence?
Forensic geology
Physical Science
Toxicology
Biology
Which specialized area of forensic science examines the relationship between human behavior and legal proceedings?
Forensic jury selection
Forensic psychiatry
Forensic psychology
A crime scene which involved the collapse of a structure would be analyzed by specialists in the area of:
Forensic computer and digital analysis
Forensic error analysis
Criminialistics
Forensic engineering
What factor(s) do(es) the court usually take into consideration as sufficient grounds for qualification as an expert witness?
Experience
Training
Education
All of the Above
Specially trained personnel called _____ are employed by some crime laboratories on 24-hour call to retrieve evidence and have all the proper tools and supplies for proper collection and packaging of evidence at their disposal.
Evidence officers
Crime Scene investigators
Evidence technicians
Forensic pathologist
In Kumho Tire Co., Ltd. v. Carmichael, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the “gatekeeping” role of a trial judge:
Was restricted to scientific testimony
Applied only to cases involving capital crimes
Was subject to appeal by a higher court
Applied to all expert testimony
The judicial case that set forth the most current guidelines for determining the admissibility of scientific examinations in the federal courts is:
Frye v. United States
Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals
Coppolino v. State of Florida
Mapp v. United States
The dramatization of forensic science on television has led to a phenomenon known as the
NCSI effect
NYPD effect
CSI effect
LAPD effect
The necessity for the forensic scientist to appear in court comes from the U.S. Supreme Court case:
Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts
Crawford v. Washington
Coppolino v. State
The current system of crime laboratories in the United States can best be described as:
Centralized
Regional
Decentralized
National
The lay witness provides testimony that relies on:
Scientific education
Personal opinions
Personal knowledge
Scientific experience