binding for the member states that have not notified ICAO about a national
difference

advice and guidance for the aviation legislation within the member states

binding for all member states

binding for all airline companies with international traffic

may not require or authorise the assistance of other crew members

may require the assistance of passengers to restrain such person

may request such person to disembark

may deliver such person to the competent authorities

Switching on and off four times the navigation lights

Switching on and off four times the landing lights

The repeated switching on and off of the landing lights

Switching on and off three times the landing lights

The airport is temporarily closed, continue circling

The airport is unsafe, do not land

Continue circling and wait for further instructions

Give way to other aircraft in emergency

Special precautions must be observed due to bad state of the taxiways.

Need special precautions while approaching for landing.

An area unit for the movement of aircraft.

The aerodrome is being used by gliders and that glider flights are being
performed.

The airliner operator

The aircraft owner

The ATC controller if the aircraft is flying in a controlled airspace

The commander

Emergency aircraft

Military aircraft

VIP (Head of state) aircraft

Hospital aircraft carrying a very sick person needing immediate medical attention

7 700

7 500

7 600

7 000

121.5 MHz - 125.5 MHz

121.5 MHz - 243 MHz

121.5 MHz - 282.8 MHz

243 MHz - 125.5 MHz

Circling the intercepted aircraft in a clock-wise pattern.

Rocking the wings and flashing the navigational lights.

Rocking wings twice and crossing in front of the aircraft.

Executing a climbing turn of 90 degrees or more without crossing the line of
flight of the intercepted aircraft.

2 000 feet above the highest obstacle within 8 nautical miles of course

1 000 feet above the highest obstacle within 8 nautical miles of course

1 000 feet above the highest obstacle within 8 kilometres of the estimated
position of the aircraft

2 000 feet above the highest obstacle within 8 kilometres of course

If VMC, maintain this condition, waiting for the ATC instructions

Notify ATC of the new track immediately and comply with instructions

Inform the ATC unit immediately

Adjust the heading of aircraft to regain track as soon as practicable

Notify ATC of the new track immediately and comply with instructions

Inform the ATC unit immediately

If VMC, maintain this condition, waiting for the ATC instructions

Adjust the heading of aircraft to regain track as soon as practicable

Arms down , palms facing inwards, moving arms from extended position inwards.

Crossing arms extended above his head

Raise arm and hand, with fingers extended, horizontally in front of body , then
clench fist

Horizontally moving his hands, fingers extended, palms toward ground

land on the closest appropriate aerodrome, then advise Air Traffic Services of
landing

adopt a VFR flight level and continue flight onto destination

continue flight onto destination, complying with last received clearances then with filed
flight plan.

descend to En-route Minimum Safe Altitude and join closest airfield open to IFR operations

Come back and land.

Not with standing any previous instructions, do not land for the time being.

Dangerous airfield. Do not land

Give way to another aircraft and hold the circuit.

it is a deviation from the track.

of an emergency.

the estimated time is in error by more than 10 minutes.

the TAS varies by plus or minus 5% of the TAS notified in the flightplan.

at least 2000 feet within 5KM of the estimated position

at least 2000 feet within 8 KM of the estimated position

at least 1000 feet within 5KM of the estimated position

at least 1000 feet within 8 KM of the estimated position

this aerodrome is using parallel runways

landing, take-off and taxiing is allowed on runway and/or taxiway only,

taxiing need not be confined to the taxiways ,

glider flying is performed outside the landing area,

50 degrees with the plane of symmetry of the latter

70 degrees with the plane of symmetry of the latter

60 degrees with the plane of symmetry of the latter

80 degrees with the plane of symmetry of the latter

Land at the nearest suitable aerodrome maintaining VMC and inform ATC ,

Select A7600 and continue according currenct flight plan to destination ,

Descend to the flight level submitted for that portion of flight ,

Land at the nearest suitable aerodrome and inform ATC

must come back to land and the landing clearance will be sent in due time.

is cleared to land.

must land immediately and clear the landing area.

must give way to another aircraft.

must vacate the landing area in use.

must stop.

must return to its point of departure.

may continue to taxi to the take-off area.

may continue to taxy towards the take-off area.

must stop.

must return to its point of departure.

is cleared for take-off.

not land because the airport is not available for landing.

give way to another aircraft.

return to land and that clearance to land will be communicated in due course.

not land for the moment regardless of previous instructions.

Obstacle identification surface.

Obstacle identification slope.

Obstruction in surface.

Obstacle in surface.

Depature end of runway.

Distance end of runway.

Distance end of route.

Departure end of route.

30 NM

25 NM

10 NM

15 NM

To correct for known wind to remain within the protected airspace.

To request from ATC different heading for wind correction.

To ignore the wind and proceed on an heading equal to the track.

To request clearance from ATC for applying a wind correction.

Airspace restrictions.

Navigation aids.

ATC requirements.

The terrain surrounding the airport.

0 ft.

3.3 % gradient.

35 ft.

0.8 % gradient.

15°.

30°.

12.5°.

45°.

10° of the alignment of the runway centre-line

15° of the alignment of the runway centre-line

5° of the alignment of the runway centre-line

25° of the alignment of the runway centre-line

Intersect the localizer at 45° and will not be more 5 NM in length.

Intersect the localizer at 45° and will not be more 10 NM in length.

Intersect the localizer at 30° and will not be more 5 NM in length.

Intersect the localizer at 30° and will not be more 10 NM in length.

600m (1968 ft).

450m (1476 ft).

300m (984 ft).

150m (492 ft).

Initial approach segment.

Intermediate approach segment.

Arrival segment.

Final approach segment.

FAP.

FAF.

MAP.

IF.

When the aircraft is in visual contact with the ground and with the runway lights in sight

When the aircraft has the control tower in sight

When the aircraft is in contact with the ground but not with the runway in sight yet

When seems possible to land

1, 2, 3.

1, 3.

2, 3.

1, 2.

Mean sea level.

Aeredrome reference point.

Relevant runway threshold.

Aerodrome elevation.

Up to 5.

Up to 4.

3.

4.

At the IF.

At the IAF.

At the FAF.

At the final en-route fix.

Shuttle.

Procedure turn.

Racetrack pattern.

Based turn.

300m (984 ft) to 900m (2955 ft).

300m (984 ft) to 600m (1968 ft).

150m (492 ft) to 300m (984 ft).

150m (492 ft) to 900m (2955 ft).

One and a half of scale deflection.

A quarter of scale deflection.

Half a scale deflection.

One scale deflection.

6m.

12m.

9m.

3m.

Initial, intermediate and final.

Arrival, intermediate and final.

Initial and final.

Arrival, initial, intermediate and final.

0.8%.

5%.

3.3%.

2.5%.

At the first point where 50m (164 ft) obstacle clearance is obtained and can be maintained.

At the point where a new approach, holding or return to en-route flight is initiated.

At the missed approach point.

At the point where the climb is established.

Visual manoeuvring (circling).

Aerodrome traffic pattern.

Contact approach.

Visual approach.

Only for categories C, D and E aircraft.

For all categories of aircraft, and it is the same for all of them

Only for categories A and B aircraft.

For each category of aircraft, and it may be different for each one of them.

A contact flight manoeuvre.

A flight manoeuvre to be performed only under radar vectoring.

A visual manoeuvre to be conducted only in IMC.

A visual flight manoeuvre keeping the runway in sight.

FAF.

Landing runway.

Final missed approach track.

MAP.

Initiate a missed approach

Turn 90 degrees towards the runway and wait for visual conctact

Turn towards the inner marker for the runway in use, maintaining circling alitude

If you have other visual cues, continue with ground contact

Initiate a missed approach

Descend to OCL/ACH and in the hope that the visibility is better at a lower altitude

Maintain your circling altitude and turn towards the aerodrome

Request an amended clearance

half scale deflection of the localizer indicator.

half scale deflection of the glidepath indicator and horizontal 35 ° off the centerline.

full scale deflection of the localizer indicator and half scale deflection of the glidepath
indicator.

full scale deflection of the localizer indicator.

the operator

the state

the pilot-in-command ,

the ""flight-operations"" of the company

20 degrees or less

10 degrees or less

30 degrees or less

40 degrees or less

5%.

8%.

6,5%.

7%.

300 m (984 ft)

120 m (394 ft)

210 m (690 ft)

150 m (492 ft)

30 m (98 ft)

50 m (164 ft)

90 m (295 ft)

120 m (384 ft)

30 m (98 ft)

50 m (164 ft)

90 m (295 ft)

120 m (384 ft)

50 m (164 ft)

120 m (384 ft)

30 m (98 ft)

90 m (295 ft)

5 NM

25 NM

10 NM

20 NM

± 12.5 NM

± 2.5 NM

± 5 NM

± 10 NM

100 ft

200 ft

250 ft

150 ft

3.3%

2.5%

2%

5%

Follow the radio communication failure procedure.

it is permitted to deviate from the prescribed holding pattern at pilots discretion.

a non-standard holding pattern is permitted.

inform the ATC immediately and request a revised clearance.

rate of 3°per second or at a bank angle of 20°, which ever requires the lesser bank.

maximum bank angle of 25°.

rate of 3°per second.

rate of 3°per second or at a bank angle of 25°, which ever requires the lesser BANK

230 kt IAS.

230 kt TAS.

240 kt IAS.

240 kt TAS.

To the left.

To the right.

First right and then to the left.

Teardrop to the left and then to the right.

1 minute

2 minutes

1,5 minutes

30 sec

Off set.

Direct.

Parallel

Either ""off set"" or ""parallel"".

2 minutes 30 seconds.

2 minutes.

1 minute.

1 minute 30 seconds.

Course.

Bearing.

Track.

Heading.

in a direction depending on the entry ,

in a direction depending on the wind direction

to the left

to the right

Right hand turns / 1 minute outbound

Left hand turns / 1 minute outbound

Left hand turns / 1.5 minutes outbound

Right hand turns / 1.5 minutes outbound

Transition level.

Transition altitude.

Transition layer.

The level specified by ATC.

according pilot's choice.

as hlight level.

as height.

as altitude.

altitude above mean sea level during climb

flight level during descent

altitude above mean sea level during descent

either altitude above mean sea level or flight level during climb

only at transition altitude.

at transition altitude during climb and transition level during descent.

at transition level during climb and transition altitude during descent.

only at transition level.

Within the transition layer

When passing the transition level

When passing the transition altitude

When passing 3000 FT AMSL or 1000 FT AGL

Mode A code 7500.

Mode A code 7600.

Mode B code 7600.

Mode A code 7700.

7600.

2000.

7500.

7700.

7700.

7500.

7600.

7000.

Distress 7700. Hijacking 7600. Communicaton failure 7500.

Distress 7500. Hijacking 7700. Communication failure 7600.

Distress 7700. Hijacking 7500. Communication failure 7600.

Distress 7600. Hijacking 7500. Communication failure 7700.

plus or minus 4 NM on a 90 per cent containment basis

plus or minus 4 NM on a 95 per cent containment basis

plus or minus 4 NM on a 98 per cent containment basis

plus or minus 4 miles on a 90 per cent containment basis

250 kt VFR and IFR, all levels

250 kt for IFR and VFR UP TO FL 100

250 kt only for IFR up to FL 100

250 kt only for VFR up to FL 195

Not applicable

260 KT IAS

250 KT IAS

250 KT TAS

Airspace D

Airspace E

Airspace B

Airspace A

5 minutes.

3 minutes.

10 minutes.

15 minutes.

15 minutes.

10 minutes.

5 minutes.

3 minutes.

3 minutes.

10 minutes.

5 minutes.

6 minutes.

10 minutes at the time the level is crossed.

20 minutes at the time the level is crossed.

5 minutes at the time the level is crossed.

15 minutes at the time the level is crossed.

10 km

6 NM

3 NM

2 km

below 2 000 m (600 ft) or below the highest minimum sector altitude, whichever is the greater

below 1 500 m (5.000 ft) or below the highest minimum sector altitude, whichever is the greater

below 900 m (3.000 ft) or below the highest minimum sector altitude, whichever is the greater

cumulonimbus

uncertainty phase, urgency phase, distress phase.

uncertainty phase, distress phase, urgency phase.

uncertainty phase, alert phase, distress phase and urgency phase.

uncertainty phase, alert phase, distress phase.

A situation related to an aircraft and its occupants are considered to be in a state of
emergency.

A situation related to an aircraft which reports that the fuel on board is exhausted.

An emergency event in which an aircraft and its occupants are considered to be threatened
by a danger.

A situation where an apprehension exists as to the safety of an aircraft and its occupants.

10 minutes prior to departure.

60 minutes prior to departure.

30 minutes prior to leave the blocks.

50 minutes prior to leave the blocks.

Transmit blind indicating details required at least 2 times.

Try to get contact on other frequencies either ground or aircraft stations -
Transmit being indicating important details required 2 times.

Try to get contact on other frequencies either ground or aircraft stations.

Land on the nearest suitable aerodrome and report the termination of the flight to ATC.

an aircraft in a given area but whose identity has not been established

only that aircraft which has deviated significantly its intended track

An aircraft which has deviated significantly from its intended track or which
reports that it is lost

only that aircraft which reports that it is lost

Arms down, palms facing inwards, moving arms from extended position inwards.

Crossing arms extended above his head.

Raising arm and hand horizontally in front of body, fingers extended then
clenching fist.

Horizontally moving hands, fingers extended, palms toward ground.

60 minutes in excess of the estimated time off blocks.

60 minutes in excess of the estimated time of departure.

30 minutes in excess of the estimated time off blocks.

30 minutes in excess of the estimated time of departure.

Aircraft identification, position, time, true air speed, flight level or altitude, next position and
time over.

Aircraft identification, position, time, flight level or altitude, next position and time over.

Aircraft identification, position, time, flight level or altitude, next position and
time over and ensuing significant point.

Aircraft identification, position, flight level or altitude,time, next position and time over and
ensuing significant point.

The pilot in command.

The air traffic service reporting office when accepting the flight plan.

The aircraft operator.

The ATC.

The delay is more than 30 minutes of the estimated time off departure.

The delay is more than 30 minutes of the estimated time off-blocks.

The delay is more than 60 minutes of the estimated time off-blocks.

The delay is more than 60 minutes of the estimated time of departure.

write ZZZZ in box 16 and indicate in box 18 (additional information) DEGT/followed by the
name of theairport.

write XXXX in box 16 and indicate in box 18 (additional information) DEGT/followed by the
name of the airport

write XXXX in box 16 and indicate in box 18 (additional information) ALTN/followed by the
name of theairport

write ZZZZ in box 16 and indicate in box 18 (additional information)
ALTN/followed by the name of theairport.

estimated ground speed (G/S).

true air speed at 65% power.

indicated air speed (IAS).

true air speed (TAS).

Return to the aerodrome of departure.

Maintain your assigned level and route and land at the nearest aerodrome that has VMC
conditions.

Continue the flight at the assigned level and route, start approach at your ETA.

Continue the flight maintaining VMC and land as soon as practicable.

The pilot should propose another clearance to the ATC concerned.

The pilot has to accept the ATC clearance because it has been based on the flight plan filed
with ATC.

He may request another clearance and the ATC concerned has to accept the pilot request.

He may request and, if practicable, obtain an amended clearance.

Standard rate turns if not otherwise instructed by ATC.

the weather permits.

Prescribed by the aircraft operations.

Decided on pilot's discretion.

2500 feet (750 m).

1000 feet (300 m).

2000 feet (600 m).

500 feet (150 m).

4000 feet (1200 m).

1000 feet (300 m).

500 feet (150 m).

2000 feet (600 m).

3 000 feet.

1 500 feet.

4 000 feet.

2 000 feet.

20 NM.

50 NM.

80 NM.

60 NM.

500 feet

1000 feet

1500 feet

2000 feet

Above the transition altitude when applicable

only in airspace class A

When QNH is higher than the standard pressure 1013 hPa

if the obstacle clearance is more than 2000 feet

3 minutes

2 minutes

10 minutes

5 minutes

10 minutes

15 minutes

5 minutes

3 minutes

the pilot is following the published approach procedure

the aircraft gets radar vectors ,

the pilot has the field and the underlying terrain in sight and will keep it in sight,

all mentioned answers are correct

3.0 NM

1.0 NM

2.0 NM

5.0 NM

30 degrees

25 degrees

20 degrees

15 degrees

600 m is established between extended runway centre lines and as is depicted on the radar
display

610 m is established between extended runway centre lines and as is depicted
on the radar display

500 m is established between extended runway centre lines and as is depicted on the radar DISPLAY

710 m is established between extended runway centre lines and as is depicted on the radar
display

Medium/poor

Good

Poor

Medium

medium aircraft behind heavy aircraft - 3 minutes

light aircraft behind medium aircraft -4 minutes

medium aircraft behind heavy aircraft - 2 minutes

medium aircraft other medium aircraft - 2 minutes

730 m

Less than 730 m

760 m

Less than 760 m

2 minutes

5 minutes

3 minutes

1 minute

2 minutes

3 minutes

4 minutes

1 minute

2 minutes

3 minutes

1 minute

5 minutes

Code 7500.

Code 7700.

Code 7600

Code 2000.

Your aircraft has been identified on the radar display and radar flight
instructions will be provided until radar identification is terminated.

ATC is receiving your transponder and will furnish vectors and traffic advisories until you
are advised that contact has been lost.

You will be given traffic advisories until advised that the service has been terminated or that
radar contact has been lost.

Your aircraft has been identified and you will receive separation from all aircraft while in
contact with this radar facility.

You should maintain that airway by use of your navigation equipment.

You are still in radar contact, but must make position reports.

Radar Service is terminated.

Advisories will no longer be issued by ATC.

More than 300 ft.

300 ft.

+/- 300 ft.

More than 200 ft.

2.0 NM.

3.0 NM.

5.0 NM.

1.5 NM.

You are to assume responsability for your own navigation.

You are still in radar contact, but must make position reports.

Radar services are terminated and you will be responsable for position reports.

You are to contact the centre at the next reporting point.

+/- 500 ft of the assigned level.

+/- 300 ft of the assigned level.

+/- 200 ft of the assigned level.

+/- 250 ft of the assigned level.

2.0 NM between aircraft on the same localizer course.

3.0 NM between aircraft on the same localizer course.

3.0 NM between aircraft on adjacent localizer course.

5.0 NM between aircraft on the same localizer course.

+/- 250 ft.

+/- 300 ft.

+/- 200 ft.

+/- 500 ft.

Observation of compliance with an instruction to operate transponder from
""ON"" to ""STBY"" and back to ""ON"".

To request pilot to set transponder on position ""ON"".

To request pilot to set transponder on position ""OFF"".

To request pilot to switch from ""ON"" to ""STDBY"".

3.0 NM.

5.0 NM.

10.0 NM.

3.5 NM.

+/- 300 ft.

+/- 200 ft.

+/- 150 ft.

+/- 250 ft.

+/- 300 ft of the assigned level.

+/- 200 ft of the assigned level.

+/- 250 ft of the assigned level

+/- 500 ft of the assigned level.

The pilot does not have to follow up the position of the aircraft

The radar identity of the aircraft has been established

The aircraft is subject to positive control

Position reports may be omitted

GEN.

RAC.

COM.

MET.

RED

YELLOW

GREEN

ORANGE

Visibility minima

DME-frequencies

OCH or OCA

Obstacles penetrating the obstacle free area in the final approach sector

GVATAM

NAVTAM

VULTAM

1999-06-08 0:00

The length of the take-off run available plus the length of clearway available (if
provided).

The length of the runway available plus the length of clearway available (if provided).

The length of the take-off run available plus the length of the stopway.

The length of the take-off run available plus the length of the stopway and clearway (if
provided).

Permit aircraft to make a portion of its initial climb to a specific height.

Reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway.

Protect aircraft during take-off or landing operations.

Permit the aircraft to stop if it fails the take-off.

An aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take-off.

A landing aircraft can be stopped if overcoming the end of runway.

A landing aircraft can be stopped only in emergency.

An aircraft taking-off or landing can be stopped.

The length of the take-off run available plus the length of stopway (if stopway
provided) .

The length of the take-off run available plus the length of stopway and clearway (if
provided) .

The length of the take-off run available plus the length of the clearway.

The length of the runway plus the length of stopway available (if stopway provided).

Fixed lights showing variable white.

Fixed lights, white or yellow colour.

Flashing white.

Fixed lights showing variable white or yellow.

Flashing green.

Flashing white.

Fixed green

Fixed white.

Fixed lights showing green.

Fixed lights showing blue

Fixed lights showing yellow.

Fixed lights showing white

Fixed lights showing variable white.

Flashing lights showing variable white.

Fixed lights showing variable green.

Flashing lights showing variable green.

300 m.

150 m.

200 m.

250 m.

Fixed showing blue.

Fixed showing green.

Fixed showing yellow.

Flashing showing blue.

Fixed unidirectional lights showing red in the direction of the runway.

Fixed unidirectional lights showing white in the direction of the runway.

Fixed lights showing variable red.

Fixed lights showing variable white.

Fixed unidirectional lights showing white in the direction of approach to the runway.

Fixed unidirectional lights showing green in the direction of approach to the
runway.

Fixed lights green colours.

Fixed lights showing green or white colours.

900m

150m

300m

600m

a RVR of 300-450 meters and a DH of not less than 100 ft.

a RVR of 250 meters and a DH of not less than 200 ft.

a RVR of 200 meters and a DH of not less than 100 ft.

a RVR of 550 meters and a DH of not less than 200 ft.

300 m from threshold

150 m from threshold

450 m from threshold

600 m from threshold

of group of at least three white lights flashing in sequence towards the runway ,

always of a straight row of lights towards the runway

of flashing lights only,

of an arbitrary amount of green lights,

900 metres

420 metres

1000 metres

1200 metres

will wear at the shoulders

it's tread will deteriorate faster

will have an increased critical hydroplanning speed

will be more subject to viscosity aquaplaning on dry runway

decreases

increases

remains constant

may exceed the maximum permitted differential unless immediate preventative action is
taken.

cabin pressure minus ambient pressure.

approximately 5 psi at maximum.

approximately 15 psi at maximum.

the pressure differential between the air entering and leaving the cabin.

rotor - stator

stator - stator - rotor

rotor - rotor - stator

stator - rotor

100%

normal.

emergency.

on demand.

react like an altimeter

read a little high.

read a little low.

freeze at zero.

altimeter only.

airspeed indicator only.

vertical speed indicator only.

airspeed indicator, altimeter and vertical speed indicator.