__________ dependence is a physiologic need for a drug; whereas __________ dependence is a desire for the euphoric effect of the drug.
Physical; psychological
Psychological; physical
__________ injections are injected directly into the blood.
Intravenous
Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
A(n) __________ administration route allows for rapid absorption via gases.
Oral
Sublingual
Rectal
Topical
Transdermal
Inhalation
Which of the following is the “ratio” between a therapeutic and toxic dose?
Therapeutic index
Therapeutic Window
Drugs grouped by similar characteristics are grouped into __________ classes.
pharmacologic
therapeutic
A patient with liver or kidney disease will have problems excreting the drug; therefore, the “half-life” of a drug will be increased.
A teratogen is __________.
any substance that can cause abnormal fetal development
a Schedule 5 (C-V) drug
a substance injected subcutaneously
a Phase II drug
Iatrogenic effects are:
Unintentional, physician- or treatment-induced effects
Due to the patient’s immune system seeing the drugs as a dangerous foreign substance
Toxic reactions to excessive doses
Secondary effects like constipation or sedation
If it takes a smaller dose of morphine than codeine to achieve the same effect, then which is more potent?
Morphine
Codeine
Pro-drugs are “inactive drugs” that become active after the body metabolizes them
Schedule 5 (C-V) drugs have a higher abuse potential than Schedule 1 (C-I) drugs.
This involves the study of the mechanism of drug action on different systems of the body.
pharmacokinetics
pharmacodynamics
pharmacotherapeutics
When the absorption rate of a drug equals its elimination rate from the body, this is called __________.
steady state
metabolism
peak concentration
synergy
What does “q.i.d.” mean?
every day
2 times a day
3 times a day
4 times a day
When the combined effect of 2 drugs is less than either alone, this indicates a(n) __________ effect.
additive
synergistic
antagonistic
Which law speeds drug approval because of an eminent threat to public health?
New Drug Application
Investigational New Drug
Which of the following drug names is copyright protected?
chemical name
Generic
Trade
__________ drugs work at multiple receptors to initiate widespread effects; whereas __________ drugs work at specific receptors for a specific effect.
Non-selective; selective
Selective; non-selective
Which phase of drug development looks for adverse effects before the drug is put on the market?
Phase I
Phase II
Phase III
Phase IV
Which pregnancy category indicates no risk to the fetus?
Category A
Category B
Category C
Category D
Category X