Those who live at high altitudes, or who receive extra erythropoietin, are likely to suffer:
primary polycythaemia
sickle cell anaemia
secondary polycythaemia
haemolytic disease
Which blood disorder results from an autoimmune attack on parietal cells of the stomach wall?
microcytic anaemia
pernicious anaemia
haemolytic disease of the newborn
thalassaemia
Which of the following is typically not associated with anaemia?
disruption of haemoglobin chains
increased haemolysis
lack of intrinsic factor
high dietary iron intake
What term is used to describe a marked reduction in platelets?
haemorrhoids
haemophilia
polycythaemia
thrombocytopenia
Anaemia due to inherited mutations that reduce the production of either alpha or beta haemoglobin chains is known as:
haemolytic anaemia
all answers are correct
Which of the following applies to the leukemias?
Chronic leukemias are more common in older people.
Exposure to chemicals is not considered a predisposing factor.
Lymphoid tissue produces abnormal leukocytes.
All answers are correct
The Reed-Sternberg cell is diagnostic for:
multiple myeloma
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
chronic myeloblastic leukemia.
Predisposing factors to leukemia commonly include:
exposure to radiation.
cigarette smoking.
certain fungal and protozoal infections.
familial tendency.
Multiple myeloma is a malignant tumor involving:
bone cells.
plasma cells.
lymph nodes.
granulocytes
What is the primary treatment for the leukemias?
Radiation
Immunotherapy
Chemotherapy
Surgery
What medical term is given to describe a marked reduction in platelets?
thrombocythemia
Chronic blood loss causes anaemia because of the:
smaller amount of recycled iron available
loss of protein and electrolytes
lower metabolic rate
shortened life span of the erythrocytes
What are the typical early clinical manifestations of anaemia?
Bradycardia, cyanosis
Pallor, dyspnea, and fatigue
Chest pain, palpitations
Jaundice, cyanosis
In cases of polycythemia vera, blood pressure is most likely elevated as a result of:
increased blood volume/viscosity
congested spleen and bone marrow.
increased renin and aldosterone secretions.
frequent infarcts in the coronary circulation
In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), active bleeding occurs after intravascular clotting because:
clotting factors are depleted.
prothrombin is activated.
inflammatory mediators are released.
tissue factor (TF) is inactivated.
A neoplastic disorder that involves malignant plasma cells that replace the bone marrow and erodes bone is referred to as:
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Multiple myeloma
Aplastic anemia
Leukaemia
In which of the following individuals would a clinician most suspect multiple myeloma as a diagnosis?
A 40-year-old man who has had three broken bones over the past 6 months and whose serum calcium and creatinine levels are elevated
A 70-year-old woman whose blood work reveals large numbers of immature granulocytes
An 81-year-old male resident of a long-term care home who has an uncommon bacterial pneumonia and who is unable to produce a fever
A 68-year-old former coal miner who has white cell levels exponentially higher than normal ranges
Leukemias describe white blood cell malignancies that:
none of the answers are correct
arise as tumours of erythrocytes
reduce the white blood cell count
begin in the bone marrow
A diverse group of neoplasms developing from the proliferation of malignant lymphocytes in the lymphoid system is referred to as:
Lymphomas
Lymphatic anaemias
Microcytic anaemias
Leukaemias
