Hydrocephalus

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What is the mean CSF pressure?

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A CSF pressure of greater than ( 15, 20, 10 )mmHg represents an abnormally high pressure.

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Most of the CSF in the brain is produced by plexuses

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CSF is for the most part absorbed into the subarachnoid space via

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The main role of the CSF in supporting the brain is to reduce its effective ...?

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A baby with Hydrocephalus may present with which of the following clinical signs? (4 answers)

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Ventriculomegaly is a brain condition of the foetus whereby the ( lateral ventricles, 3rd ventricle, 4th ventricle, 3rd & 4th ventricles ) become dilated.

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When performing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt to drain a hydrocephalus, there is a risk of infection. What should be used within the shunt to prevent this?

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In children, Hydrocephalus causes the eyes to become fixed in which direction?

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What are the three main symptoms of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus in adults?

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Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus usually occurs in those ( over 60, under 60 ) and is one of the potentially reversible causes of ( Dementia, Parkinson's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease )

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The ataxia associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus is usually related to the ...

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Of the symptoms associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus, which tends to present first?

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For normal pressure hydrocephalus, what is the most widely used method of treatment?

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A 47 year old woman presents to her GP complaining of visual field constriction and headaches. She has a BMI of 31 and a PMH of hypothyroidism. It is likely that she is suffering from ( Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension, Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus, AIDS )

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A 67 year old woman presents with her daughter, who describes her mother as having had increasing problems with her memory over the past year. She has also developed a urinary incontinence. What condition may be causing her memory problems?

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Which of the following signs would you expect to find on fundoscopy of a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

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The standard diagnostic investigation for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is a measurement of the lumbar pressure. If a lumbar puncture finds the CSF pressure to be over ( 25, 15, 20 )cm CSF, then the condition is very likely.

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Both CT and MRI scans are normal in cases of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and therefore these modes of investigation are not diagnostically useful.

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In most cases, the main treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension is ...

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Orthostatic headache is a medical condition in which a person develops a headache while ( vertical, horizontal ) and the headache is relieved when ( horizontal, vertical )

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An orthostatic headache is the main symptom of a condition of negative CSF pressure within the brain cavity. This condition is called .

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❌: Headache relieved by lying horizontally
❌: Headache exacerbated by lying horizontally

Meningitis

Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

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What would the following investigations show in a patient with spontaneous intracranial hypotension?
Lumbar puncture: ( Low CSF pressure, High CSF pressure, Normal CSF pressure )
MRI Head: ( Meningeal enhancement, Ventricular enhancement )

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Name the condition: A generic term referring to a disorder in which a cyst or cavity forms within the spinal cord

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One of the early signs of Syringomyelia is the development of hyperhidrosis. What is this?

Hydrocephalus lecture given by Dr Ibrahim

Hydrocephalus

What is the mean CSF pressure?

A CSF pressure of greater than 15 20 10( 15, 20, 10 )mmHg represents an abnormally high pressure.

Most of the CSF in the brain is produced by plexuses

CSF is for the most part absorbed into the subarachnoid space via

The main role of the CSF in supporting the brain is to reduce its effective ...?

A baby with Hydrocephalus may present with which of the following clinical signs? (4 answers)

Ventriculomegaly is a brain condition of the foetus whereby the lateral ventricles 3rd ventricle 4th ventricle 3rd & 4th ventricles( lateral ventricles, 3rd ventricle, 4th ventricle, 3rd & 4th ventricles ) become dilated.

When performing a ventriculoperitoneal shunt to drain a hydrocephalus, there is a risk of infection. What should be used within the shunt to prevent this?

In children, Hydrocephalus causes the eyes to become fixed in which direction?

What are the three main symptoms of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus in adults?

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus usually occurs in those over 60 under 60( over 60, under 60 ) and is one of the potentially reversible causes of Dementia Parkinson's disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease( Dementia, Parkinson's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease )

The ataxia associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus is usually related to the ...

Of the symptoms associated with normal pressure hydrocephalus, which tends to present first?

For normal pressure hydrocephalus, what is the most widely used method of treatment?

A 67 year old woman presents with her daughter, who describes her mother as having had increasing problems with her memory over the past year. She has also developed a urinary incontinence. What condition may be causing her memory problems?

Which of the following signs would you expect to find on fundoscopy of a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension?

The standard diagnostic investigation for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is a measurement of the lumbar pressure. If a lumbar puncture finds the CSF pressure to be over 25 15 20( 25, 15, 20 )cm CSF, then the condition is very likely.

Both CT and MRI scans are normal in cases of idiopathic intracranial hypertension and therefore these modes of investigation are not diagnostically useful.

In most cases, the main treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension is ...

A CSF pressure of greater than ( 15, 20, 10 )mmHg represents an abnormally high pressure.

Ventriculomegaly is a brain condition of the foetus whereby the ( lateral ventricles, 3rd ventricle, 4th ventricle, 3rd & 4th ventricles ) become dilated.

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus usually occurs in those ( over 60, under 60 ) and is one of the potentially reversible causes of ( Dementia, Parkinson's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease )

The standard diagnostic investigation for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension is a measurement of the lumbar pressure. If a lumbar puncture finds the CSF pressure to be over ( 25, 15, 20 )cm CSF, then the condition is very likely.

Orthostatic headache is a medical condition in which a person develops a headache while ( vertical, horizontal ) and the headache is relieved when ( horizontal, vertical )

❌: Headache relieved by lying horizontally
❌: Headache exacerbated by lying horizontally