Located in the atom are: that have a positive charge, neutrons that have charge, and electrons that have a charge
When an atom loses an electron it becomes more and becomes a
When an atom gains an electron it becomes more and becomes an
The atomic number is relative to the number of the atom has
Covalent bonds are bonds where electrons on the outmost ring are . A covalent bond is generally known as a bond.
Two types of covalent bonds are and
Nonpolar is the sharing of electrons between 2 atoms
Polar bonds are sharing of electrons, this causes small regional and poles
are the complete donation of an electron(s) to another atom
bonds are charges on polar water molecules attracted to other negative or positively charged atoms or molecules
Van der Waals forces is the weak attractive force between 2 or a molecule and an
is a substance dissolved in liquid
A is the liquid that the solute is dissoveled into
A is the solute dissolved in the solvent
is a water-loving molecule
: water-fearing molecules
: molecules that are part hydrophobic and part hydrophilic, having both polar and nonpolar portions
is the amount of solute in a unit volume solution
: adds H+to solution (H+donor)
Base: number of H+ in solution (H+acceptor)
The higher the [H+], the the pH
The lower the [H+], the the pH
Anything than a pH of 7 is said to be basic or alkaline. Anything below 7 is said to be
ECF normal range for pH is to
are long chains of sugar and are made of , and . They are the most abundant.
Lipids are the most diverse and are so they are hydrophobic. made up of chains that have a head and a number of fatty-acid tails.
Saturated fats contain double bonds and is at room tempurature
fats contain a double bond and are liquid at room temperature
are the most versatile molecule. They are made of 20 different and millions of different combinations
Proteins are made of that are composed of a group, an amino group, a and a R group
can have 4 different structures, primary, secondary, tertiary and Quaternary.
Amino acids combine together to form bonds
Nucleotides are made of a base and a
Single are used primarly to capture and transfer energy
are things like nucleic acids, DNA
