According to the ICF model the inability to stand from a seated position is classified as:
Health condition
Impairment
Activity limitation
Participation restriction
In which of the following stages of motor learning does augmented extrinsic feedback have the most positive impact on acquiring a skill?
Cognitive
Associative
Autonomous
As a therapist, we can be confident that motor learning has taken place when your patient demonstrates which of the following:
Increase speed demonstrated when carrying out the task.
The ability to perform a slight variation of the task in a new context.
All of the following risk factors are common to both coronary artery disease and osteoporosis EXCEPT:
Smoking
Prolonged use of corticoid steroids
The top 4 chronic conditions in the United States in terms of mortality include all of the following EXCEPT:
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes
Obesity
Chronic respiratory disease
Which of the following is a goal of passive range of motion (PROM) exercises?
Prevent muscle atrophy
Enhance movement of synovial fluids
Increase joint range of motion
Improve muscle performance
Which of the following is a contraindication to passive range of motion (PROM)?
When movement of a body segment is destructive to the healing process
Presence of muscle weakness or paralysis
Presence of chronically impaired circulation
When a patient is in a coma
Which of the following passive range of motion (PROM) exercises provide the most flexion to the lumbar spine?
Single knee to chest
Double knee to chest
Posterior pelvic tilt
If someone has a torn bicep brachii from two days ago which of the following is the most detrimental movement to perform?
Elbow extension, shoulder extension, forearm pronation
Elbow extension, shoulder flexion, forearm supination
When incorporating functional patterns into range of motion interventions which of the following guidelines is correct?
Passive range of motion should always be performed in anatomical planes of motion to reinforce motor learning
Incorporate functional movements into the patient's daily activities once a pattern can be performed safely and correctly
To maintain gains in range of motion achieved as a result of a stretching program it is recommended to?
Apply heat on a daily basis to the lengthen muscle group.
Use the stretch induced gains to range of motion during functional activities.
Each of the following is a contraindication to stretching adaptively shorten tissue EXCEPT?
A bony block
When range of motion is limited because scar tissue has reduced soft tissue extensibility
When a patient is involved in a stretching program it is recommended that you?
Strengthen the muscle to be stretched
Warm up the tissue to be stretched
When applying a stretch, you first feel some resistance. As you maintain the stretch you feel as though you can move into a greater range of motion. This describes what property of connective tissue?
Stress relaxation
Creep
To achieve permanent lengthening of connective tissue:
Collagen fibers must lined up in a parallel fashion
The bonds between collagen fibers must be remodeled in that lengthen position
Connective tissue fatigue occurs when:
A muscle is not allowed adequate time to recover from exhaustion
A submaximal stress load is applied repeatedly and causes tissue failure as in a stress fracture or overuse syndrome
Which of the following is a true statement about a muscle response to immobilization:
Atrophy will begin after the first 30 days of inactivity
As the immobilized muscle atrophies an increase in fibrous and fatty tissue develops within the muscle
The ability of the body to transport and use oxygen is an indicator of physical fitness and is measured most commonly using which unit of measure?
VO2 Max test
Strength test
All of the following are considered constitutional symptoms EXCEPT?
Nausea
Fatigue
Fever
Muscle Weakness
An 85-year-old female complaints of hip pain that she developed quickly without any injuries. What are two red flags?
Hip pain and being female
Hip pain and insidious onset
Age and insidious onset
Which regions of the body represent primary areas of referred pain patterns?
Head and neck
Hip and groin
Back and shoulder
A ____ can be easily seen, heard, smelled, measured, or photographed?
Symptom
Sign
Which of the following is a contraindication or precaution to therapy?
Shortness of breath
Irregular pulse
Posterior calf pain
All of the above
Pain perceived in an area other than the site of stimulus?
Referred pain
Phantom pain
Pain of visceral source is usually accompanied by which of the following?
Abnormal change in blood pressure
Diaphoresis
Change in skin pattern
Visceral diseases of the abdomen and pelvic are likely to refer to which part of the body?
Shoulder
Back
Arm
Leg
What describes a neurologic state in which conduction along the spinal nerve or it's root is blocked?
Radicular
Radiating
Radioculopathy
Painful symptoms that start 3 to 5 minutes after starting an exercise program then goes away when you stop is pain from which structures?
Muscle
Nerve
Vasculature
Bone
Primary bone tumors metastasize first to what structure?
Muscles
Heart
Kidneys
Lungs
Older adults who develop a Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) may present with more non-specific symptoms that are different than the younger person such as:
Low back pain
Confusion
Urinary frequency
Cardinal symptoms of cardiac disease usually include which of the following?
Palpitations
Syncope
Dyspnea
Individual being treated for hypertension with diuretics to reduce volume excess may be at risk for what?
Neuropathy
Hypothyroidism
Dehydration
A change in one or more deep tendon reflexes (DTR) is what flag?
Red flag
Yellow flag
What physical impairment leads to increase risk of falls for the older population?
impaired balance
Slow reaction time
Decrease strength
Romberg test measure what?
Anticipatory control
Reaction control
Static control
Dynamic control
According to the ICF model a rotator cuff injury is considered a what?
Functional limitation
Each of the following is a step in the process of evidence based practice EXCEPT?
Spend many hours gathering information
Identify a patient problem and convert it into a specific question
incorporate the findings and decisions into patient management
Assess the outcomes of interventions and ask another question if necessary
78 years old patient had surgery for internal fixation of the trochanter. The patient can't seat to stand. According to the ICF model this is considered to be what:
Body function
People who have sensory deficits in their lower extremities such as peripheral neuropathies tend to use which of the following strategies in response to balance pertubations?
Ankle strategy
Hip strategy
Stepping strategy
Which of the following is true of resistance training for a patient with osteoporosis?
Resistance exercise is an essential element in rehab, conditioning, and aerobic programs of patients both at risk for and with known osteoporosis
Resistance training is contraindicated
Each of the following is characteristic of delay onset muscle soreness (DOMS) EXCEPT:
It tends to peak in 42 to 78 hours
Increase soreness seen during passive lengthening of the involved muscle groups
Occurs more frequently after eccentric exercise than isometric exercise
It is believed to be caused by post exercise muscle spasms
It has been shown that performing resistive exercises to the point of exhaustion...recovery from exercise occurs more efficiently if:
Pull is applied to the fatigued muscle
The patient performs low-intensity active exercise using the fatigued muscle
Which of the following is a contraindication to implementing resistive exercise?
Joint instability
Acute pain and inflammation
Risk for pathological fracture due to osteoporosis
Which of the following is the most effective way to improve muscle endurance?
Train using dynamic exercise against submaximal loads for a prolonged period of time
Have the patient train using isometric exercise
Which of the following is a true statement about exercise program that is carefully planned?
The cooldown period is intended to incur rapid return of blood to the extremities
It can slow the decrease in functional capacity of the elderly individual
Which of the following statements is correct about arm exercises (upper extremity) versus leg exercises in cardiac rehab?
There are no differences
Myocardial oxygen consumption is higher with upper body exercises versus lower body exercises
Which of the following stretching procedures performed for several reps during a single treatment session and repeated over a series of stretching sessions represents the safest and most comfortable process to achieve soft tissue lengthening?
Slowly apply a low load force
Maintain end range position for an extended period of time and release the stretch force slowly
The patient has weak hip abductors. They score 2 out of 5 in a manual muscle test. How are you going to have that patient train that muscle? In what position?
Supine, Assisted
Supine, Non Assisted
