Development Economics IIA

Questão 1 de 47

1

Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative to this
Development Economics IIa
as a name for this course?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Industrialisation and development: Strategies and experience
Development economics: The Neoclassical Approach
Open Economy development economics
Developing countries in the international economy
Development, Accumulation and Structural Change

Explicação

Questão 2 de 47

1

Who wrote the textbook for the course and what kind of economist is he

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Weaver - Kaleckian
Thirdwood - Keynesian
Thirllwarld - Supply-sider
Thirlwall - Kaldorian
Furball - Neoclassical

Explicação

Questão 3 de 47

1

Using the figures from our lecture (lecture 1), roughly speaking, what is the average percent of the workforce in the low income countries working in each of the following sectors?
Agric. - Indus. - Services

Selecione uma das seguintes:

5 - 15 - 80
33 - 33 - 34
80 - 15 - 5
75 - 10 - 15
61 - 19 - 21

Explicação

Questão 4 de 47

1

At what level of employment does the diminishing marginal product of labour start?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

LA
LB
LC
LD
LE

Explicação

Questão 5 de 47

1

Which of the following has NOT been argued in the lectures

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Agriculture is characterised by diminishing returns to labour
The income elasticity of demand for agricultural output is relatively low
As income rises (and productivity rises) the relative importance of agriculture in purchases will increase
Industry is an increasing returns activity
The income elasticity of demand for industry’s output is relatively high

Explicação

Questão 6 de 47

1

Using our standard growth formula assume we have a population growth of 2% per year and our incremental capital output ratio is 5. What level of savings would be required to give us a constant GDP per capita if the annual GDP was £150 billion. (Assuming all the savings are invested)

Selecione uma das seguintes:

5%
15%
£15 billion
£150 billion
There is insufficient information

Explicação

Questão 7 de 47

1

Lack of access to basic sanitation and primary health care low income countries contributes to high infant mortality.
On average and approximately, how many deaths are there per 1000 live births?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

1
10
60
300
600

Explicação

Questão 8 de 47

1

How might this “Kuznets curve” be best labelled?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

A=High Growth B=Low Growth C=Low Industrialisation D=High Industrialisation
A=Low Gini B=High Gini C= High Level of Development D=Low Level of Development
A=High Gini B=Low Gini C= Low Level of Development D=High Level of Development
A=High Growth B=Low Growth C= Low Level of Development D=High Level of Development
None of the above

Explicação

Questão 9 de 47

1

Who defines undernourishment as: “a state in which physical functioning of a person is impaired to the point where she cannot maintain an adequate level of performance at physical work, or at resisting or recovering from the effects of any of a garden variety of diseases”?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Kuznets, S (1955) Economic Growth and Income Inequality
Malthus, T (1798) Essay on the Principle of Population
Dasgupta, Partha (1993) An Inquiry into Well-being and Destitution
Galbraith, J.K. (1962) Economic Development in Perspective
Sen, A (1984) Poverty and Famines: An Essay in Entitlement and Deprivation

Explicação

Questão 10 de 47

1

What it is the missing word in the following famous quote?
“The country that is more developed _________ only shows, to the less developed, the image of its own future.”

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Agriculturally
Culturally
Financially
Industrially
Economically

Explicação

Questão 11 de 47

1

Which of these did NOT explicitly advance a “stage” theory of development?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Smith
Clark
Marx
Fisher
Verdoorn

Explicação

Questão 12 de 47

1

Which of the following is not one of Rostow’s stages?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Traditional
Take-off
Transitional
Maturity
Pre-maturity

Explicação

Questão 13 de 47

1

Which of Rostow’s stages might be best described as involving a shift to “self sustaining growth”, the emergence of “leading sectors”, an expansion of the market for output, an increase in the supply of capital, a channelling of agriculture’s surplus (via the state or private sector) to industry, the growth of self-finance by businesses, the spread of new production techniques (production functions) and the beginning of a secondary expansion?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Traditional
Transitional
Take-off
Pre-maturity
Maturity

Explicação

Questão 14 de 47

1

Which of the following was not one of Kaldor’s growth laws (as described in the lecture)?

NOTE: m - manufacturing; nm - non-manufacturing; p - productivity; g - growth

Selecione uma das seguintes:

gGDP = f(gm) f’ >0
pm = f(gm) f’ >0
gm = f (ggdp) f’ >0
pnm= f(gm) f’ >0
Verdoorn’s Law

Explicação

Questão 15 de 47

1

Which of the following best describes Allyn Young’s (1928) “increasing returns” ?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a microeconomic phenomenon involving the returns gained at the enterprise level by an expansion in output
a sectoral level phenomenon involving the returns gained where by, for example agricultural, productivity will increase as a result of a reduction in the sector’s size
a macroeconomic phenomenon involving the interaction between activities in the process of general economic expansion
An echo of Smith’s worries about the dangers of over specialisation of labour
A myth. Young believed in constant returns

Explicação

Questão 16 de 47

1

Which of the following most closely corresponds to Fisher (1939) and Clark (1940) stages?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Traditional – Transitional - Take-off –Maturity – Age of High mass consumption
Hunting and gathering – Shepherding – Agriculture - Commercial Society
The sequential dominance of primary production, then secondary production followed by tertiary production
Primitive Communism – Slavery – Feudalism – Capitalism – Socialism –Communism
The sequential dominance of the Nobility, then Entrepreneurs, then Technocrats

Explicação

Questão 17 de 47

1

Which author or authors’ “stage theory” has the income elasticity of demand and changes in income elasticity of demand as the major driver of shifts between stages?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Smith
Rostow
Marx
Fisher and Clark
Kaldor

Explicação

Questão 18 de 47

1

This is the result of a regression estimating “Verdoorn’s Law” in China
pm = -9.46E-05 + 0.71(gm)
(-0.02) (19.10) R^2=0.73
How might we best interpret this result?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Productivity increases are causing growth in manufacturing
The R^2 of 0.73 and the coefficient on manufacturing sector growth 0.71 are sufficiently similar to counterbalance the negative coefficient on the intercept
A 1% increase in the growth of the manufacturing sector will cause an increase of 0.71% in that sector’s productivity. But the low R2 and the negative t stat on intercept coefficient render the result meaningless
A 1% increase in the growth of the manufacturing sector will cause an increase of 0.71% in the growth of that sector’s productivity
Productivity and growth are not related to each other as the t-statistic on the growth coefficient (19.10) is too low

Explicação

Questão 19 de 47

1

Which of the following is a “correct” reference for a book by Alice Amsden?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Amsden, Alice (1929) Asia’s Next Giant: South Korea and Early Industrialisation
Amsden, Alice (1959) Asia’s Giants: South Korean and Japanese Industrialisation
Amsden, Alice (1979) Asia’s Last Giant: Japan and Late Industrialisation
Amsden, Alice (1989) Asia’s Next Giant: South Korea and Late Industrialisation
Amsden, Alice (1999) Asia’s Next Giant: North Korea and Early Industrialisation

Explicação

Questão 20 de 47

1

Suppose a country’s population is growing at 3% per year and the ICOR is 4. Using the “standard” formula what savings rate would be needed to ensure a constant level of GDP/capita?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

12%
4%
3%
0.75
There is insufficient information

Explicação

Questão 21 de 47

1

Which of the following is least likely to be assumed by traditional development economists?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

As income and productivity rise the relative importance of agriculture in purchases will increase
Agriculture is characterised by diminishing returns to labour
The income elasticity of demand for agricultural output is relatively low
Industry is an increasing returns activity
The income elasticity of demand for industry’s output is relatively high

Explicação

Questão 22 de 47

1

How might this “Kuznets curve” be best labelled?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

A=High Growth B=Low Growth C=Low Industrialisation D=High Industrialisation
A=High Growth B=Low Growth C= Low Level of Development D=High Level of Development
A=High Gini B=Low Gini C= Low Level of Development D=High Level of Development
A=Low Gini B=High Gini C= High Level of Development D=Low Level of Development
None of the above

Explicação

Questão 23 de 47

1

Which of these is NOT a Classical Economist and/or did NOT write the Book on the date implied

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Karl Marx (1867) Capital: A Critique of Political Economy
David Ricardo (1817) Principles of Political Economy and Taxation
Adam Smith (1776) An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
Thomas Malthus (1798) Essay on the Principle of Population
W. W. Rostow (1805) The Stages of Economic Growth

Explicação

Questão 24 de 47

1

In the lecture (L4) it was argued that Smith found sources of increasing returns in specialisation. Which of these is NOT relevant to this argument?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The encouragement of invention of “machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many”
The Pin Factory example
Learning by doing increasing the “dexterity of every particular workman”
The saving of time “passing from one species of work to another”
Smith’s arguments with Malthus about the role of trade

Explicação

Questão 25 de 47

1

Malthus raised doubts about which law when raising the prospect of what might now be termed “demand deficient unemployment”?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Ricardo’s Law
Smith’s Law
Marx’s Law
Verdoorn’s Law
Say’s Law

Explicação

Questão 26 de 47

1

Which of the following is NOT true about Ricardo?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

He was an industrialist, politician and economist
He argued that UK should specialise in agricultural produce, including corn and beef, because of its absolute advantage in producing these
He campaigned for repeal the “Corn Laws” in England which had been protecting UK agriculture
He predicted that capitalist economies would end up in stationary state with no accumulation and therefore no growth
He argued that diminishing returns in agriculture would lead to higher food prices

Explicação

Questão 27 de 47

1

Where
variable capital = v
constant capital =c
profits = s
A Marxist economist would NOT normally use which of the following definitions

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Total output=v+c+s
Degree of exploitation = s/v
Organic composition of capital = c/v
The rate of profit = (s/v)/(1+[c/v])
Growth = s/c

Explicação

Questão 28 de 47

1

Thirlwall Ch5 Theories of Economic Growth argues:
"An attempt is made to illustrate the contemporary relevance of the theories discussed. … the wheel has turned full circle, and … the most recent theories of endogenous growth rehabilitate many of the ideas of the old classical economists particularly _ emphasis on increasing returns associated with investment in manufacturing industry, and the general emphasis in both classical and ____ theory on the role of capital accumulation, and the embodiment of various forms of technical progress associated with it.”
What are the missing words?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Thomas Malthus’s AND Ricardian
David Ricardo’s AND Neoclassical
Adam Smith’s AND Keynesian
Karl Marx’s AND Neo-Keynesian
Joseph Schumpeter’s AND evolutionary

Explicação

Questão 29 de 47

1

Which of these is NOT a Classical Economist and/or did NOT write the Book on the date implied

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Karl Marx (1867) Capital: A Critique of Political Economy
Nicholas Kaldor (1805) The Stages of Economic Growth
David Ricardo (1817) Principles of Political Economy and Taxation
Adam Smith (1776) An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
Thomas Malthus (1798) Essay on the Principle of Population

Explicação

Questão 30 de 47

1

Suppose a country’s population is growing at 3% per year and the ICOR is 4. Using the “standard” formula what savings rate would be needed to ensure a constant level of GDP/capita?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

24%
12%
4%
0.75
There is insufficient information

Explicação

Questão 31 de 47

1

In the lecture on the Classical Economists it was argued that Smith found sources of increasing returns in specialisation. Which of these is NOT relevant to this argument?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The encouragement of invention of “machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many”
Smith’s discussions with Marx about the role of exploitation
The Pin Factory example
Learning by doing increasing the “dexterity of every particular workman”
The saving of time “passing from one species of work to another”

Explicação

Questão 32 de 47

1

Malthus raised doubts about which law when raising the prospect of what might now be termed “demand deficient unemployment”?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Ricardo’s Law
Say’s Law
Smith’s Law
Marx’s Law
Verdoorn’s Law

Explicação

Questão 33 de 47

1

Which of the following is not one of Harrod’s questions?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

What must be the DY/Y for Ip to equal Sp (i.e. for a “dynamic equilibrium”?)
Will a dynamic equilibrium between Ip and Sp tend to prevail?
Is any dynamic equilibrium between Ip and Sp stable?
Will the growth rate be such that labour and capital will tend to be fully employed?
What is the optimal level of growth to ensure the maximisation of the sum individuals in the society’s welfare?

Explicação

Questão 34 de 47

1

Assuming there is a problem with the warranted growth rate being less than the natural growth rate. Which of the following was NOT suggested as a possible solution?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

reduce the population growth rate
raise the savings rate using fiscal policy
raise the savings rate using monetary policy
reduce the amount of capital needed per unit of output
encourage more of the population to work

Explicação

Questão 35 de 47

1

Joan Robinson used which phrase to describe the situation where ga=gw=gn

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The perfect equilibrium
The growth “norm”
A “golden age”
The desired optimum
A “happy medium”

Explicação

Questão 36 de 47

1

Who in 1946 published an article in Econometrica outlining a model very similar in insights to Roy Harrod’s 1939 model?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

E. Dorar
E. Domar
E. Domer
E. Dormer
E. Dobar

Explicação

Questão 37 de 47

1

This is a Cobb-Douglas Production function in “extensive” form
Y = bK^(a)*L^(1-a)
Which of the following is not true?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Y is output
b is some measure of technology
a = elasticity of output with respect to the capital stock
1-a = elasticity of output with respect to the labour force
a+ (1-a) = 1 =>increasing returns to scale

Explicação

Questão 38 de 47

1

If you were writing an essay on the major features of "stages of growth" theories who would you be least likely to mention as one of the stage theorists?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Kaldor
Rostow
Fisher and Clark
Marx
Smith

Explicação

Questão 39 de 47

1

In a standard Cobb-Douglas Production function (Y=TKaLb) which of the following is NOT true?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a+b=1 implies constant returns to scale
a+b<1 implies decreasing returns to scale
a+b>1 implies increasing returns to scale
0<a<1 and 0<b<1 reflects diminishing returns to the factors
a and b are often assigned the values 0.6 and 0.8 to reflect their respective shares in national income

Explicação

Questão 40 de 47

1

Taking logs of a standard Cobb-Douglas Production function (Y=TKaLb) differentiating with respect to time and using a discrete approximation we get the following functional form:
rY=rT+a rK+b rL
When using this to model an economy which of the following would NOT be a good description of rT ?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The annual rate of growth of “total productivity”
That part of growth of output not attributable to increases in factors of production
A “coefficient of ignorance”
“Advances in knowledge”
An accurate measure of the economies degree of technical progress

Explicação

Questão 41 de 47

1

Thirlwall discusses the possible contributions of the agricultural sector to the process of development under four headings. Which is not one of them?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Product contribution
Factor contribution
Market contribution
Foreign exchange contribution
Environmental contribution

Explicação

Questão 42 de 47

1

Who was the father of the 1960s Green Revolution and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 in recognition of his contributions to world peace through increasing food supply

Selecione uma das seguintes:

W. A. Lewis
Norman Borlaug
Nicholas Kaldor
Tony Thirlwall
Thomas Malthus

Explicação

Questão 43 de 47

1

Complete the following quote from Lewis. “The central problem in the theory of economic development is to understand the process by which a community which was previously

Selecione uma das seguintes:

saving and investing 4 or 5 per cent of its national income or less, converts itself into an economy where voluntary saving is running at about 12 to 15 per cent. of national income or more.”
corrupt, converts itself into a democracy.”
industrialised, converts itself into a post industrial society.”
saving 15-20 per cent of its national income, converts itself into an economy where voluntary saving is running at about 50 per cent. of national income or more.”
investing nothing, converts itself into an economy where voluntary saving is running at about 10 per cent. of national income.”

Explicação

Questão 44 de 47

1

What is Lewis’s answer to the question "why do [poor countries] save so little”? Because

Selecione uma das seguintes:

they are poor
their government are too corrupt
their taxes are too high
their capitalist sector is small
they lack a sufficiently developed financial sector

Explicação

Questão 45 de 47

1

In Lewis’s model earnings in the subsistence sector set a floor to wages in the capitalist sector but in practice wages in the capitalist sector have to be higher than this. That is, there is a “gap”. Which is the figure closest to Lewis’s estimate of the typical size of this gap?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

10 %
15 %
20 %
30 %
50%

Explicação

Questão 46 de 47

1

Which of these is not one of Lewis’s description or explanation of the gap?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The gap is nominal not real in that it merely reflects the higher cost of living in capitalist sector
Reflecting a psychological cost. The cost of moving from an easy going way of life in the subsistence sector to the more regimented and urbanised environment of the capitalist sector
Reflecting unskilled workers being of more use to the capitalist sector after they have been there for some time than is the raw recruit from the country
Because of the need for urban workers to send money home to the countryside
Reflecting a difference in conventional standards as a result of acquiring tastes and a social prestige which conventionally are recognised by higher real wages

Explicação

Questão 47 de 47

1

According to Google Scholar how many times, approximately, has
Lewis, W.A. (1954) Economic development with unlimited supplies of labour. The Manchester School, 22(2), 139-191.
been cited?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

0
8
80
800
8000

	Criado por Chanté quase 10 anos atrás

Universität Development Economics Quiz sobre Development Economics IIA, criado por Chanté em 04-12-2014.

Development Economics IIA

Development Economics IIA

Questão 1 de 47

Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative to this Development Economics IIa as a name for this course?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 2 de 47

Who wrote the textbook for the course and what kind of economist is he

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 3 de 47

Using the figures from our lecture (lecture 1), roughly speaking, what is the average percent of the workforce in the low income countries working in each of the following sectors? Agric. - Indus. - Services

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 4 de 47

At what level of employment does the diminishing marginal product of labour start?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 5 de 47

Which of the following has NOT been argued in the lectures

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 6 de 47

Using our standard growth formula assume we have a population growth of 2% per year and our incremental capital output ratio is 5. What level of savings would be required to give us a constant GDP per capita if the annual GDP was £150 billion. (Assuming all the savings are invested)

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 7 de 47

Lack of access to basic sanitation and primary health care low income countries contributes to high infant mortality. On average and approximately, how many deaths are there per 1000 live births?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 8 de 47

How might this “Kuznets curve” be best labelled?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 9 de 47

Who defines undernourishment as: “a state in which physical functioning of a person is impaired to the point where she cannot maintain an adequate level of performance at physical work, or at resisting or recovering from the effects of any of a garden variety of diseases”?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 10 de 47

What it is the missing word in the following famous quote? “The country that is more developed _________ only shows, to the less developed, the image of its own future.”

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 11 de 47

Which of these did NOT explicitly advance a “stage” theory of development?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 12 de 47

Which of the following is not one of Rostow’s stages?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 13 de 47

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 14 de 47

Which of the following was not one of Kaldor’s growth laws (as described in the lecture)? NOTE: m - manufacturing; nm - non-manufacturing; p - productivity; g - growth

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 15 de 47

Which of the following best describes Allyn Young’s (1928) “increasing returns” ?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 16 de 47

Which of the following most closely corresponds to Fisher (1939) and Clark (1940) stages?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 17 de 47

Which author or authors’ “stage theory” has the income elasticity of demand and changes in income elasticity of demand as the major driver of shifts between stages?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 18 de 47

This is the result of a regression estimating “Verdoorn’s Law” in China pm = -9.46E-05 + 0.71(gm) (-0.02) (19.10) R^2=0.73 How might we best interpret this result?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 19 de 47

Which of the following is a “correct” reference for a book by Alice Amsden?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 20 de 47

Suppose a country’s population is growing at 3% per year and the ICOR is 4. Using the “standard” formula what savings rate would be needed to ensure a constant level of GDP/capita?

Which of the following would be an appropriate alternative to this
Development Economics IIa
as a name for this course?

Using the figures from our lecture (lecture 1), roughly speaking, what is the average percent of the workforce in the low income countries working in each of the following sectors?
Agric. - Indus. - Services

Lack of access to basic sanitation and primary health care low income countries contributes to high infant mortality.
On average and approximately, how many deaths are there per 1000 live births?

What it is the missing word in the following famous quote?
“The country that is more developed _________ only shows, to the less developed, the image of its own future.”

Which of the following was not one of Kaldor’s growth laws (as described in the lecture)?

NOTE: m - manufacturing; nm - non-manufacturing; p - productivity; g - growth

This is the result of a regression estimating “Verdoorn’s Law” in China
pm = -9.46E-05 + 0.71(gm)
(-0.02) (19.10) R^2=0.73
How might we best interpret this result?

Where
variable capital = v
constant capital =c
profits = s
A Marxist economist would NOT normally use which of the following definitions

This is a Cobb-Douglas Production function in “extensive” form
Y = bK^(a)*L^(1-a)
Which of the following is not true?