Exam Two Bio

A.When one hormone is elevated, the other is low

B. insulin is typically released following a period of not eating so that you can have some sugar for energy

C. glucagon, when released, promotes the uptake of glucose and other sugars into storage cells

A and B

A and C

You, the calcium ion, found your way into the apoplastic route and have just encountered the vascular cambium and cannot cross into the xylem

you, the calcium ion, found your way into the symplastic route and after crossing through several plasmodesmata realized you can't enter the xylem since you are a positively charged ion and can't cross cell membranes

you, the calcium ion, found your way into the apoplastic route and have just encountered the casparian strip. In order to get into the xylem, you must cross the plasma membrane of that endodermal cell.

You, the calcium ion, found your way into the symplastic route but encountered a dead tracked and it's lignified walls are keeping you out.

Food made with GMO's can readily make people sick

The possibility of utilizing GMO's can readily make people sick

the possibility of utilizing GMO's for biofuels

The potential for the growth of superweeds

they cause allergies

This plant would not be able to make male gametophytes

this plant's female gametophyte would not survive

upon fertilization, the zygote would be without nourishment and likely not survive

development would be slowed but still successful as long as a fruit and seed coat are still there

the megasporangium would not be able to do meiosis

True

False

A. oxytocin's control of labor contractions- positive feedback

B. ethylene's role in fruit ripening- positive feedback

C. Thyroid hormone's role in turning it's own secretion on/off- negative feedback

A and C

A, B and C

Collenchyma

Parenchyma

xylem cells

sclerenchyma

companion cells

includes the zygotes and endosperm

includes the zygote, endosperm and ovary

includes the zygote, endosperm and seed coat

includes the zygote and seed coat

includes the endosperm and seed coat

Growth hormone

aldosterone

antidiuretic hormone

glucagon

oxytocin

Bacteria form mycorrhizae with plant roots, providing them with additional absorptive power in the soil

bacteria in the soil perform nitrogen fixation, providing plants with the nitrogen they need to carry out cellular processes

bacteria in the soil cross the apoplastic route and will not be allowed to enter the plant due to the impenetrable ground tissue

bacteria form symbiotic relationships with the plant and provide it with the carbohydrates necessary for it to grow

bacteria do all of the above! that annoying kid is so annoying!

Collenchyma

Parenchyma

Sclerenchyma

Tracheids

Companion cells

Oxytocin is synthesized in the brain so it's right by where it needs to go

oxytocin will travel to where there are receptors for it

Oxytocin, as a peptide hormone, will easily cross cell membranes but only some cells will interpret its signal as love and bonding

Oxytocin will travel to posterior pituitary cells

none of the above

Companion Cells

Tracheids

Sieve tube elements

vessel elements

none of the above (i.e. all would be found in vascular tissue)

Companion Cells

Tracheids

Sieve tube elements

vessel elements

none of the above (i.e. all would be found in vascular tissue)

A. Aid in the cotransport of sugar into sugar sinks

B. Aid auxin in helping plants grow via pumping H+ into the cell wall matrix

C. It is the ion that is responsible for membrane potential in plants

A and C

A, B and C

Blood vessels to the skin and extremities are vasodilated to keep the skin warm

Blood vessel to the skin and extremities are vasoconstrictor to keep heat more toward the core organs

metabolism in your body slows down to save energy and keep you warm

insulin gets released to give you more energy, thereby warming you up

all of the above

Evolutionarily adapted plants are more fit for their environment as long as that environment does not change

Genetic variation resulting from non self fertilization is not an advantage in a stable environment

The cost of non self fertilization outweighs the advantages in the short term

All of the above

None of the above

Auxin levels are high

guard cells are turgid

potassium in the cells surrounding the guard cells has flown into the guard cells

abscisic acid levels are high

the air surrounding the tree has a water potential of -50mPa

Requires only the male gametophyte

Cannot happen via mechanisms other than insects' carrying the pollen

Results in a mitotic division of the sperm to generate the pollen tube

Happens on the anther of the flower

Isn't necessary in asexual reproduction

A. They both contain pigments

B. they both affect gene expression

C. they both antagonize ethylene

A and B

B and C

Auxin

Abscisic acid

growth hormone

ethylene

phytochrome Pfr

You will begin to specialize in structure and function, joining the zone of differentiation

You will start to undergo a significant number of mitotic divisions, joining the zone of cell division

the H+ from the acid growth mechanism will lignify your cell walls and you will become a xylem cell

cells nearby will be inhibited from growing since you are growing so well

you will become a parenchyma cell because of elongation

A. was the zygote before it became the embryo

B. will be the sporophyte after it becomes the embryo

C. can survive independently of endosperm

A and B

A, B and C

Determine the animal's method of urine production and compare it to the ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night

Measure the animal's rate of oxygen consumption and compare it to ambient temperature at various times through out the day and night

Observe the animal's behavior and activity level and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night

Measure the animal's body temperature and compare it to ambient temperature at various times throughout the day and night

The vascular cambium stops dividing

Ethylene production decreases

Production of the casparian strip

if an axillary bud is too close to an apical bud

Water potential in the xylem decreases

You take a hot shower and your body temperature increases

you go swimming in a cold lake and your body temperature decreases

you overeat for a week and you gain weight

You run a marathon and you get thirsty

None of the above

Increases genetic diversity over single fertilization

Ensures endosperm development only occurs in fertilized ovules

Provides a "back up" in case the first fertilization goes wrong

results in "twins" for every new offspring

Doubles the number of offspring

Phosphorus

Nitrogen

Iron

Calcium

Magnesium

Iron

Vitamin D

Vitamin A

Vitamin C

Iodine

By increasing the proportion of saturated fatty acids in their plasma membrane

by increasing the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in their plasma membrane

by increasing the density of the cellulose in their cell walls

By decreasing the density of cellulose in their cell walls

By making their plasma membrane more permeable to water

Water potential in the soil increased and your plant got dehydrated

water potential in the soil decreased and your plant to dehydrated

water potential in the soil increased and your plant got over hydrated

water potential in the soil decreased and your plant go over hydrated

A megasporocytes

a microsporocyte

pollen tube

zygote

megasporocyte and microsporocyte