Chronic stable angina is the initial manifestation of IHD in about 50% of patients. It is often caused by obstructive ❌ lesions in the coronary arteries. Vasospasm at the site of an atherosclerotic plaque may further ❌ blood flow and contribute to angina.
Stable angina is characterised by a plaque with a thick fibrous cap and relatively ❌ lipid core.
Patients are generally in no acute distress and describe stable angina pain as a sensation of pressure, heaviness, tightness, or squeezing in the anterior ❌ area. Pain may radiate to the neck, jaw, shoulder, back, or arm and may be accompanied by dyspnoea, nausea, vomiting, or diaphoresis. Pain lasts a few ❌ and is often provoked by ❌ (e.g. walking, climbing stairs, gardening) or emotional stress; and relieved within minutes by ❌ or with sublingual nitroglycerin.
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atherosclerotic
atherosclerotic