Flash cards are at https://quizlet.com/_6rw0ko
Which pancreatic enzyme has a leading role in the pathophysiology of the acute pancreatitis?
amylase
trypsin
elastase
gastrin
phospholipase
Which is the most severe form of the acute pancreatitis
edematous
catarrhal
phlegmonous
gangrenous
necrotizing
More than 75% of cases of the acute pancreatitis are attributable to
Viral or bacterial infection
Hypercalcemia
Hyperlipidemia and obesity
NSAIDs and opioid analgetics
Gall stones and alcohol
What kind of operative treatment Is recommended to the patients with several episodes of acute pancreatitis and gall-stone disease?
cholecystectomy
pancreatectomy
cholecystogastrostomy
colostomy
appendicectomy
What are the cardinal clinical symptoms of the acute pancreatitis?
malaise and fatigue
fever and chills
paraumbilical pain and vomiting
chest pain and dyspnea
epigastric pain and diarrhea
What is the type of the pain of the acute pancreatitis?
crampy
constant
remittent
migrating
none of the above
Grey Turner and Cullen’s. signs (flank and periumbilical ecchymosis) are associated with severe pancreatitis and both are indicative of
mesenteric thrombosis
steatonecrosis
retroperitoneal bleeding
infected ascites
pseudocyst of the pancreas
Which of the following is the most important imaging test for diagnosing acute pancreatitis?
CT scan
Ultrasonography
Plain abdominal X-ray
PET-CT
Doppler ultrasound
Which of the following is the most specific blood-test enzyme for the acute pancreatitis?
gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT)
lipase
lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
The initial management of the acute pancreatitis starts with
Fluid resuscitation and analgesics
Antipyretics and antibiotics
H2 blockers and PPIs
Blood and plasma transfusion
Corticosteroids
In which of the following cases the surgical treatment is indicated for acute pancreatitis?
significant necrosis of the pancreas and peripancreatic retroperitoneal space
infection of the pancreatic and parapancreatic necrosis
biliary pancreatitis with stones in the common bile duct
pancreatic hemorrhage
all of the above
What distinguishes pancreatic pseudocysts from true pancreatic cysts?
pseudocysts have smaller size
pseudocysts don’t have epithelium-lined walls
pseudocysts are always infected
pseudocysts communicate with other organs
The most common symptom of the carcinoma of the head of the pancreas is
fever
abdominal pain
vomiting
constipation
jaundice
How is it called the surgical operation for a carcinoma of the head and the body of the pancreas (also known as pancreaticoduodenectomy)?
Hartmann operation
Whipple operation
Ivor-Lewis operation
Wertheim-Meigs operation
Billroth operation
In which endocrine pancreatic neoplasm is observed the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (severe and often multiple peptic ulcerations)?
Somatostatinoma
Insulinoma
Glucagonoma
VIPoma
Gastrinoma
