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Weeks 01 - 03

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Quiz 1a

Questão 1 de 30

1

A drug that blocks the effects of a neurotransmitter is a(n) ____; a drug that mimics or increases the effects is a(n) ____.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Neuromodulator; synergist

  • Depressant; stimulant

  • Agonist; antagonist

  • Antagonist; agonist

Explicação

Questão 2 de 30

1

A person with two recessive genes is considered to be ___ for that trait:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Marginal

  • Unitary

  • Heterozygous

  • Homozygous

Explicação

Questão 3 de 30

1

A trait not expressed when combined with a dominant trait is call a(n) ___ trait.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Nurture

  • Recessive

  • Dominant

  • Homozygous

Explicação

Questão 4 de 30

1

A(n) ____ explanation describes eating in terms of the hypothalamus affecting insulin production, which affects the availability of glucose in cells.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Physiological

  • Evolutionary

  • Ontogentic

  • Functional

Explicação

Questão 5 de 30

1

Chemically, what is the route from genes to their expression?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • DNA to RNA to proteins

  • Proteins to DNA to RNA

  • RNA to DNA to proteins

  • DNA to proteins to RNA

Explicação

Questão 6 de 30

1

Exocytosis is the process by which neurotransmitters are ___.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Synthesised

  • Reuptaken into the presynaptic neuron

  • Destroyed

  • Released from the presynaptic neuron

Explicação

Questão 7 de 30

1

Few pianists can play quickly enough to play the Minute Waltz in a minute. The finger movements that are required are likely to involve which type of neurotransmitter effects?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Metabotropic effects

  • Second messenger effects

  • Neuromodulator effects

  • Ionotropic effects

Explicação

Questão 8 de 30

1

Human language developed as the result of genes and the opportunity to hear language during a sensitive period in early life. What type of explanation is this?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Physiological

  • Evolutionary

  • Functional

  • Ontogenetic

Explicação

Questão 9 de 30

1

In general, biologists who speak of sex-linked genes are typically referring to genes on ___.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The X chromosome

  • The Y chromosome

  • More than one chromosome

  • Autosomal chromosomes

Explicação

Questão 10 de 30

1

In the context of the “three R’s” of animal research, refinement refers to ___.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Recognising potential confounders

  • Reusing prior research analysis

  • Recombining effective statistical tests

  • Reducing pain and discomfort

Explicação

Questão 11 de 30

1

Like an action potential, an EPSP results from:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Potassium ions exiting the cell

  • Potassium ions entering the cell

  • Sodium ions exiting the cell

  • Sodium ions entering the cell

Explicação

Questão 12 de 30

1

Mapping out the relationship between shared bone structures across different species suggests there is a(n) ____ explanation.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Behavioural

  • Physiological

  • Evolutionary

  • Ontogentic

Explicação

Questão 13 de 30

1

Minimalists believe that:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • No animal research should be conducted

  • Researchers should only use small animals

  • Some animal research is acceptable, but not all

  • All research should be done on animals

Explicação

Questão 14 de 30

1

Neurons typically have one __, but many __.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Cell body; axons

  • Dendrite; axons

  • Axon; dendrites

  • Dendrite; cell bodies

Explicação

Questão 15 de 30

1

Neuropeptides are synthesised in the ___.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Postsynaptic terminal

  • Presynaptic terminal

  • Cell body

  • Dendrites

Explicação

Questão 16 de 30

1

Nodes of Ranvier are ___.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Gaps in the myelin of axons

  • Spiny outgrowths on dendrites

  • Responsible for cell metabolism

  • Also known as myelin sheath

Explicação

Questão 17 de 30

1

Of the following, the most important consideration in developing a drug that will act in the brain is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • If the drug will cross the blood-brain barrier

  • If the drug can be inexpensively manufactured

  • The number of people who will use the drug

  • How long the drug will act

Explicação

Questão 18 de 30

1

Saltatory conduction ____ the velocity of action potentials and ____ the amount of energy used by the neuron.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Increases; decreases

  • Decreases; increases

  • Increases; increases

  • Decreases; decreases

Explicação

Questão 19 de 30

1

Suppose both the father and the mother are "heterozygous" for the gene that controls ability to curl the tongue lengthwise, and this gene is dominant. What can we predict about their children?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • All will be heterozygous for the ability to curl

  • All will be homozygous for the inability to curl

  • All will be homozygous for the ability to curl

  • They may be homozygous or heterozygous for ability to curl, or homozygous for inability

Explicação

Questão 20 de 30

1

The brain area most often linked to drug addiction is the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Nucleus accumbens

  • Brain stem

  • Frontal lobes

  • Whole limbic system

Explicação

Questão 21 de 30

1

The correct sequence of chemical events at a synapse is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Reuptake, release, transport, synthesis

  • Transport, release, reuptake, synthesis

  • Synthesis, transport, release, reuptake

  • Recycle, reuse, release, return

Explicação

Questão 22 de 30

1

The presynaptic terminal stores high concentrations of neurotransmitter molecules in:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Dendrites

  • Vesicles

  • Peptides

  • Axons

Explicação

Questão 23 de 30

1

The structure that contains the chromosomes is called the:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Endoplasmic reticulum

  • Nucleus

  • Mitochondrion

  • Ribosome

Explicação

Questão 24 de 30

1

The surface of a dendrite is lined with specialised junctions through which the dendrite receives information from other neurons. What are these junctions called?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Axons

  • Synaptic hillocks

  • Glia

  • Synaptic receptors

Explicação

Questão 25 de 30

1

Compared to ionotropic effects, metabotropic effects are:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • quicker and briefer

  • slower and longer lasting

  • slower and briefer

  • quicker and longer lasting

Explicação

Questão 26 de 30

1

What is the primary difference between temporal summation and spatial summation?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Temporal summation produces a hyperpolarization instead of a depolarization

  • Only spatial summation can produce an action potential

  • Spatial summation alters the response of more than one postsynaptic cell

  • Spatial summation depends on contributions from more than one sensory neuron

Explicação

Questão 27 de 30

1

What is the result if a stimulus shifts the potential inside a neuron from the resting potential to a more negative potential?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Depolarization

  • An action potential

  • Hyperpolarization

  • A threshold

Explicação

Questão 28 de 30

1

Where do the metabolic activities occur that provide energy for all of the other activities of the cell?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Mitochondria

  • Ribosomes

  • Lysosomes

  • Golgi complexes

Explicação

Questão 29 de 30

1

Which of the following is TRUE of local neurons?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • They exchange information with distant neurons

  • They abide by the all-or-nothing principle

  • The change in membrane potential increases as it travels

  • They produce graded potentials

Explicação

Questão 30 de 30

1

Which type of glia builds myelin sheaths around axons in the periphery of the body?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Astrocytes

  • Schwann cells

  • Radial glia

  • Oligodendrocytes

Explicação