A person with spatial neglect is more likely to notice an object placed in the left hand if ____.
They cross their left hand over to the right side of their body.
You touch their right hand
They look to the right
They cross their right hand over to the left side of their body
Alzheimer's leads to the accumulation of ____ in the brain.
Serotonin
Amyloid deposits
Glucose
Arachnoid acid
Compared to young adults, aging adults with poor working memory have ___ activity in the prefrontal cortex, and aging adults with intact working memory have ___ activity in the prefrontal cortex.
Decreased; increased
Increased; decreased
Increased; increased
Decreased; decreased
Conductive deafness is also known as ___.
Outer ear deafness
Middle ear deafness
Inner ear deafness
Nerve deafness
Damage to just one optic nerve after it had crossed in the optic chiasm would result in loss of vision in the ___.
Ipsilateral eye
Ipsilateral visual field
Contralateral visual field
Contralateral eye
Each spinal nerve has:
Both a sensory and a motor component
Connections to most parts of the body
Either a sensory or a motor component
Connections to each of the major internal organs
Humans localise low frequencies by ___ differences and high frequencies by ___ differences.
Phase; loudness/sound shadow
Autonomic; peripheral
Timing; phase
Loudness/sound shadow; phase
A condition in which brain neurons have repeated episodes of excessive, synchronised activity is called:
dyslexia
hippocampal commisure
epilepsy
Broca's aphasia
Lateralisation refers to the:
Physical changes that occur in neurons as learning takes place
Formation of the sulci and gyri in the cortex
Slow rate of maturation in forebrain structures
Functional asymmetries of the brain
Nearly simultaneous stimulation by two or more axons produces LTP, whereas stimulation by just one produces it weakly, if at all. This is known as the property of:
LTD
Cooperativity
Associativity
Specificity
Operant conditioning is to ___ as classical conditioning is to ___.
Consequences; association
Reinforcement; punishment
Association; consequences
CS; UCS
Pavlov presented a sound followed by meat in his experiments. Gradually the sound came to elicit salivation. The sound in this experiment would be considered the ____.
Conditioned response
Conditioned stimulus
Unconditioned response
Unconditioned stimulus
People with damage in the anterior and inferior regions of the temporal lobe may suffer from ____.
Cingulate dementia
Semantic dementia
Lexical dementia
Implicit dementia
The tympanic membrane vibrates at:
a constant frequency regardless of the frequency of the sound
half the frequency of the sound waves that hit it
the same frequency as the sound waves that hit it
a much higher frequency than the sound waves that hit it
Preventing learning is to ____ as suppressing a response is to ____.
The lateral interpositus nucleus; the red nucleus
Operant conditioning; classical conditioning
The red nucleus; the lateral interpositus nucleus
Classical conditioning; operant conditioning
Reduced response to one taste after exposure to another is referred to as ___.
PTC
Cross-adaptation
Umami
Adaptation
Retrograde amnesia is to ____ as anterograde amnesia is to ____.
Temporary loss of memory; permanent loss of memory
Loss of short-term memory; loss of long-term memory
Loss of memory for old events; inability to form new memories
Inability to form new memories; loss of memory for old events
Retrograde transmitters ___.
Are released by the postsynaptic cell
Inhibit the postsynaptic cell
Are broken down before they are released
Are produced in the axon terminals
Someone suffering from Wernicke’s aphasia has difficulty:
Reading aloud
Remembering where objects are
Articulating speech
Understanding speech
Someone with Broca’s aphasia has the greatest difficulty:
Understanding spoken language
Understanding written language
Speaking
Remembering the names of objects
The strongest evidence for a critical period for human language development is the:
Exceptional language abilities of children with Williams syndrome
Difficulty deaf children have learning sign language if they start late
Different lateralization of first language and second language
Differences in language between Broca's aphasia and Wernicke's aphasia
The taste nerves initially project to the:
Hypothalamus
Nucleus of the tractus solitarius
Cerebral cortex
Orbital prefrontal cortex
People with William's Syndrome:
show better memory after a delay than they show immediately after an event has occurred
can write, but can't read back what they've just written
present with intellectual impairment during childhood but then typical development during adulthood
have generally intact language skills and vocabulary development, but poor spatial skills
Visual imagery is to ___ as auditory imagery is to ___.
Area MT; A1
V1; A1
V1; V1
A1; A1
What is unusual about olfactory receptors compared to most other mammalian neurons?
They have more than one axon each
They have no axons
They use more than one neurotransmitter
They are replaceable when old neurons die
What memory task would a typical patient with Korsakoff’s syndrome be able to do without difficulty?
Recall the temporal order of recent events
An implicit memory task
An explicit memory task
Remember someone he or she met in the past week
Where is the basilar membrane most sensitive to the vibrations of very high-frequency sound waves?
Closest to the oval window
At the apex, farthest from the oval window
About halfway between the oval window and the apex
It is equally sensitive across the entire membrane
Which of the following are presented in the correct order when describing some of the structures that sound waves travel through as they pass from the outer ear to the inner ear?
Tympanic membrane, pinna, cochlea
Malleus, tympanic membrane, oval window, pinna
Pinna, stapes, eardrum
Pinna, tympanic membrane, oval window, cochlea
Which of the following is more likely to be present in people with dyslexia?
Larger than normal corpus callosum
Stuttering
Weak eye muscles
Bilateral symmetry in the cortex
Which of the following tasks would split-brain patients be able to perform better than other people?
Completing an intelligence test
Tying their shoes
Unfamiliar tasks
Using both hands simultaneously to draw separate shapes
