To allow for CSF reabsorption, the arachnoid granulations protrude into which space?s
superior sagittal sinus
4th ventricle
subarachnoid space
foramen of magendie
Neurogenesis (generation of new neurons) in the developing spinal cord occurs primarily in which of the following regions?
ventricular zone
intermediate zone (mantle zone)
marginal zone
neural crest
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help with the differentiation of function in the CNS by inducing the development of which of the following?
sensory afferents in the alar plate
sensory afferents in the basal plate
motor efferents in the alar plate
motor efferents in the basal plate
Which of the following is a normal location of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
subpial space
subdural space
epidural space
The ventral aspect of the neural tube (basal plate) is associated with which of the following?
CSF production
motor function
sensory processing
vision
Which of the following types of sensation is exclusively conveyed by the dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway?
visceral fullness
temperature
vibration
pin prick
A 23-year old runner presents in clinic with dull pain from a laceration to her right heel. In which major subdivision of the central nervous system does this somatosensory information cross the midline?
midbrain
spinal cord
medulla
pons
A vibrating tuning fork is placed on the left lateral malleolus. In which major subdivision of the central nervous system does this somatosensory information cross the midline?
Midbrain
Spinal cord
Medulla
Pons
The primary somatosensory cortex is the main sensory receptive area in the brain for the sense of touch. In which of the following lobes can this area be found?
Parietal lobe
Frontal lobe
Temporal lobe
Insular lobe
Pathways from the lower extremities (legs) travel along the posterior columns to synapse in which nucleus?
Cuneatus
Gracilis
Raphe
Internal arcuate
The emotional aspects of pain (eg, suffering) are processed in which part of the brain?
Anterior cingulate gyrus
Reticular activating system
Periaqueductal grey matter
Raphe nucleus
The carotid canal is located in which bone of the skull?
palatine
ethmoid
occipital
temporal
Which brain lobe sits within the middle cranial fossa?
anterior lobe
parietal lobe
temporal lobe
occipital lobe
A small ischemic stroke effecting lateral/inferior portions of the postcentral gyrus of the right parietal lobe (i.e., near the lateral sulcus) would be expected to produce somatosensory dysfunction in which area of the body?
left foot
right foot
left half of the face
right half of the face
The L4 dermatome includes the big toe. Therefore, neurosurgical resection of the left L4 dorsal root ganglion would produce what short-term somatosensory deficits?
Lack of temperature sensations, sparing proprioception, from the right big toe
Lack of temperature sensations and proprioceptive information from the left big toe
Lack of temperature sensations and proprioceptive information from the right big toe
Lack of temperature sensations, sparing proprioception, from the left big toe
Due to its association with relatively smaller receptive fields and fast-adapting receptors, which receptor type is best at two point discrimination?
Meissner corpuscle
Ruffini ending
Merkel disc
free nerve ending
Compared to blood serum, cerebral spinal fluid has which of the following characteristics?
a lower partial pressure of CO2
similar protein levels
higher chloride levels
greater alkalinity
Which of the following structures is composed of two layers of meningeal dura?
third ventricle
crista galli
tentorium cerebelli
neurohypophysis
The primitive forebrain (prosencephalon) gives rise to which of the following secondary vesicles?
telencephalon
mesencephalon
metencephalon
myelencephalon
The thalamus and hypothalamus are derived from which of the secondary vesicles?
myencephalon
diencephalon
Which of the following are derivatives of the neural crest cells?
Ependymal cells that line the brain ventricles
Glial cells that form the myelin sheath of CNS axons
Primary sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia
Pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex
Which of the following structures passes through the foramen spinosum?
Mandibular nerve (CN V3)
Middle meningeal artery
Greater petrosal nerve
Ophthalmic artery
Which of the following is an unpaired (midline) bone that is part of the neurocranium?
parietal
zygomatic
On which bone of the skull can the anterior clinoid process be found?
sphenoid
The groove for the transverse sinus can be found on which bone?
frontal
