LCB  bad stuff

what is a stress leukogram?

what do you see?

what are the physiological and pathological causes behind lymphocytosis?

reasons behind lymphocytopaenia? (6)

what is leukaemia?

what is the difference between acute and chronic leukaemia?

what are the different types of leukaemia (4)

what is lymphoid leukaemia?

how is lymphoid leukaemia different to lymphoma?

Are lymphoid proliferative or myeloid proliferative disorders more common in dogs or cats?

what are the main mechanisms behind bone marrow change?

macrocytic + hypochromic?

macrocytic + normochromic

normocytic + normochromic

microcytic + hypochromic

microcytic + normoblastosis +/- basophillic stippling

3 broad causes of regenerative anaemia?

main principle behind regenerative anaemia?

what does it look like?

potential causes of haemorrhage/blood loss?

what is the mechanism behind anaemia associated w/ chronic blood loss?

what does Fe deficiency anaemia look like?

causes of chronic blood loss?

what is the most important thing in acute blood loss?

what is the first thing you do?

then what?

in acute haemorrhage when will reticulocyte response be seen int he blood?

what is oxidative damage a cause of?

what does it look like?

causes of oxidative RBC damage (3)?

Tx

what does haemolysis cause?

what CSx are a big clue?

what are the main 4 causes?

what spp is chronic Cu toxicity seen in?

pathophysiology?

Cause?

CSx?

Tx?

what is non regenerative anaemia characterised by?

what is are the primary and secondary underlying mechanisms?

primary haemostasis tests (4)

secondary haemostasis:

intrinsic + common pathway tests (3)

extrinsic pathway test (1)

why should you not use an EDTA tube to collect blood for an APTT or OSPT?

6 causes of primary haemostatic disorder?

classic CSx for primary haemostasis disorder?

what might cause thrombocytopaenia (lack of production)

fault in production - what is thrombocytopathy

diagnosis?

causes? (acquired and hereditary)

3 types of vWF disease and severity?

CSx?

diagnosis?

Tx?

common in which breed?

what does desmopressin do? limitations?

what is immune mediated thrombocytopaenia?

how common is it?

primary cause?

secondary cause?

how does consumption of platelets cause primary haemostatic disorder?

what is sequestrianism (platelets)?

normal platelet count for dog?

at what point does spontaneous haemorrhage occur?

what test(s) for...
a) intrinsic + common pathways
b) extrinsic + common pathways
c) common pathway

classic CSx of secondary haemostatic disorders

inherited secondary haemostatic disease:

what is it?

examples (intrinsic, extrinsic, common)

diagnosis of inherited secondary disease:

typical age?

determine whether or not extrinsic, intrinsic or common?

what to do about it?

Tx for...
a joint bleed?

more severe haemophilic bleed?

severe haemophiliac w/ repeat incidences?

what are the 2 main acquired secondary haemostatic disorders?

how does coumarin toxicity work?

which clotting factors does it affect?

how long does it take for CSx to appear and why?

CSx?

diagnosis

Tx
a) if just ingested poison
b) if have clinical signs

what would a) too much, b)too little tertiary haemostasis result in?

causes of thrombosis - virchows triad?

diagnosis

clinical example

what is DIC, why does it occur?

why do you get secondary haemostatic disorder CSx?

CSx?

diagnosis?

Tx?

what % of normal antithrombin are you at risk of thrombosis?