Tumour Lysis syndrome: lysis of large numbers of cancer cells.
Metabolic abnormalities: hyperuricaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia, secondary hypocalcaemia and uraemia (increased ❌, decreased ❌)
Symptoms: nausea and ❌, diarrhoea, anorexia, lethargy, oedema, fluid overload, ❌ heart failure, haematuria, cardiac ❌, seizures, muscle cramps, tetany, syncope.
More common on the ❌ cycle of treatment.
Risk factors: high tumour cell proliferation ❌, bulky disease (greater than ❌ cm), chemosensitive malignancies*, high intensity or highly ❌ therapy, novel or targeted therapy.
*Malignancies associated with a higher risk: ❌ lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, ❌ lymphoblastic leukaemia and acute myeloid ❌, and occasionally those with solid tumours.
Additional risk factors: ❌ insufficiency or renal failure, dehydration, decreased ❌ flow, pre-existing uraemia or hyperuricaemia, pre-existing hyperphosphataemia.
Prophylaxis in intermediate or high risk: Vigorous ❌ hydration, ❌, ❌ (n those who do not adequately respond to hydration and allopurinol)
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uric acid, potassium, phosphate
uric acid, potassium, phosphate
dysrrhythmia
dysrrhythmia
Non-Hodgkin's
Non-Hodgkin's