Vincent Voltaire
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Psychology Quiz sobre Chapter 4 - part 2: Our Sense of Sight: The Visual System , criado por Vincent Voltaire em 09-02-2020.

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Chapter 4 - part 2: Our Sense of Sight: The Visual System

Questão 1 de 60

1

What aspect of perception is affected by the wavelength of light?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • saturation

  • light purity

  • brightness

  • colour

Explicação

Questão 2 de 60

1

What affects our perception of the brightness of a colour?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • saturation of light waves

  • purity of light waves

  • amplitude of light waves

  • wavelength of light waves

Explicação

Questão 3 de 60

1

Jose is wearing a blue shirt, and Evan is wearing a red shirt. What is the difference between the two shirts, in
terms of light waves?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Jose’s reflects higher amplitude light waves than Evan’s.

  • Jose’s reflects shorter light waves than Evan’s.

  • Jose’s reflects longer light waves than Evan’s.

  • Jose’s reflects lower amplitude light waves than Evan’s.

Explicação

Questão 4 de 60

1

What aspect of visual perception is responsive to differences in the amplitude of light waves?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • colour

  • purity

  • saturation

  • brightness

Explicação

Questão 5 de 60

1

What aspect of visual perception will change if you change the purity of the light waves?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • saturation

  • colour constancies

  • hue

  • brightness

Explicação

Questão 6 de 60

1

If your lens is very round, which of the following will you see best?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • close objects

  • distant objects

  • moving objects

  • brightly coloured objects

Explicação

Questão 7 de 60

1

As people age, the lens of the eye loses its ability to accommodate, and it tends to remain flat instead of
becoming fat and round. What does this suggest about the effects of aging on vision?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • We become less likely to detect differences in light purity.

  • We become more likely to detect differences in brightness and hue.

  • We lose the ability to focus on objects that are close.

  • We lose the ability to focus on objects in the distance.

Explicação

Questão 8 de 60

1

What is the structure that controls the size of the pupil?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • lens

  • vitreous humour

  • cornea

  • iris

Explicação

Questão 9 de 60

1

What changes in size, in order to regulate the amount of light that enters the eye?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cornea

  • pupil

  • retina

  • lens

Explicação

Questão 10 de 60

1

What happens to the pupil of the eye in bright sunlight?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • It constricts.

  • It flattens.

  • It dilates.

  • It closes.

Explicação

Questão 11 de 60

1

Isaiah is having his eyes checked. The doctor has put drops in Isaiah’s eyes that will cause the pupils to open
wide. What will happen to Isaiah’s vision as the drops begin to work?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • His vision will start to become quite blurry.

  • He will lose some of his colour vision.

  • His vision will become extremely sharp and clear.

  • Colours will appear to be “super” saturated.

Explicação

Questão 12 de 60

1

What happens to the pupil of the eye in dim light?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • It is dilated, producing a sharper image.

  • It is dilated, producing an image that is not as sharp.

  • It is constricted, producing an image that is not as sharp.

  • It is constricted, producing a sharper image.

Explicação

Questão 13 de 60

1

Which of the following processes compensates for sensory adaptation?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • transduction

  • saccades

  • dilation

  • lens accommodation

Explicação

Questão 14 de 60

1

Where is the optic disk?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • where the visual fields from both eyes merge

  • where the optic nerve exits the retina

  • immediately in front of the lens

  • where most of the rod and cones are located

Explicação

Questão 15 de 60

1

What is the blind spot in the eye?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • where the optic nerve exits the back of the eye

  • the point at which ganglion cells synapse with bipolar cells

  • the area where only cones are present

  • where photoreceptor cells do not “bleach”

Explicação

Questão 16 de 60

1

Petra has vision problems because of a syndrome that causes her cones to be faulty. Her rods function normally.
Which of the following aspects of Petra’s vision is likely to be deficient?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • colour vision

  • depth perception

  • vision in low illumination

  • peripheral vision

Explicação

Questão 17 de 60

1

Imagine that biologists have discovered an animal that has eyes very similar to human eyes, but that the only
receptor cells in the retina are rods; there are no cones. What would you expect about this animal’s vision, based
on what is known about human vision?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • It would be able to detect extremely fine details.

  • It would have poor peripheral vision.

  • It would have poor vision in low illumination.

  • It would have no colour vision.

Explicação

Questão 18 de 60

1

Imagine that biologists have discovered an animal that has eyes very similar to human eyes, but that the only
receptor cells in the retina are cones; there are no rods. What would you expect about this animal’s vision, based
on what is known about human vision?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • It would have poor peripheral vision.

  • It would have poor visual acuity.

  • It would have excellent vision in dim light.

  • It could not see in colour.

Explicação

Questão 19 de 60

1

Devin has contracted a very rare eye disease that has caused damage to his rods, but for the most part, his cones
have not been affected. Which of the following aspects of Devin’s vision is likely to be deficient?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • vision in bright illumination

  • peripheral vision

  • colour vision

  • detecting differences in wavelengths of light

Explicação

Questão 20 de 60

1

Which of the following techniques would allow you to maximize visual acuity at night?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Close one eye.

  • Blink your eyes several times to hasten dark adaptation.

  • Look slightly above or below the object you wish to see.

  • Look directly at the object you wish to see.

Explicação

Questão 21 de 60

1

Fifteen minutes after Zigfried left the brightly lit hallway and entered the dark passageway, what would you
expect about his dark adaptation?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • It is still taking place in both his rods and his cones.

  • It is complete in his rods, but still taking place in his cones.

  • It is complete in both his rods and cones.

  • It is complete in his cones, but still taking place in his rods.

Explicação

Questão 22 de 60

1

What does the receptive field of a visual cell refer to?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the portion of visual cortex that receives information from that cell

  • a cell’s degree of sensitivity or receptivity

  • a range of wavelengths of light the cell reacts to

  • an area of rods and cones that cause the visual cell to fire

Explicação

Questão 23 de 60

1

When light hits the centre-surround of a receptive field, which of the following will be stimulated?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the inhibitory synapse to the visual cell

  • the excitatory synapse to the visual cell

  • the optic nerve

  • the optic disc

Explicação

Questão 24 de 60

1

When light hits the centre of a receptive field, but does not hit the centre-surround, which of the following is most
likely to occur?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The associated visual cell will fire.

  • The associated visual cell will be inhibited.

  • The nearby visual cells will be stimulated.

  • The optic nerve will be inhibited.

Explicação

Questão 25 de 60

1

When light hits the centre-surround of a receptive field, but does not hit the centre, which of the following is most
likely to occur?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The associated visual cell will fire.

  • The associated visual cell will be inhibited.

  • The nearby visual cells will be inhibited.

  • The optic nerve will fire.

Explicação

Questão 26 de 60

1

What is the optic chiasm?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the portion of the lateral geniculate nucleus that is responsible for coordination of sensory input

  • the point at which the optic nerves cross over one another before projecting to the occipital lobe

  • the portion of the visual cortex responsible for feature detection

  • the gap between the right occipital lobe and the left occipital lobe

Explicação

Questão 27 de 60

1

If the pathway through your superior colliculus were not functioning correctly, what would be difficult for you to
do?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • perceiving depth

  • integrating visual and auditory information

  • distinguishing colours

  • detecting differences in texture

Explicação

Questão 28 de 60

1

In which of the following lobes would you find the primary visual cortex?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • frontal

  • occipital

  • temporal

  • parietal

Explicação

Questão 29 de 60

1

Through which of the following brain areas do visual signals travel just before reaching primary visual cortex?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • frontal lobes

  • optic disc

  • thalamus

  • superior colliculus

Explicação

Questão 30 de 60

1

Which of the following depicts an accurate pathway for neural signals leaving the retina?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • optic chiasm, optic nerve, occipital lobe, lateral geniculate nucleus

  • optic nerve, optic chiasm, thalamus, primary visual cortex

  • optic nerve, lateral geniculate nucleus, optic chiasm, occipital lobe

  • optic chiasm, medial geniculate nucleus, primary visual cortex, thalamus

Explicação

Questão 31 de 60

1

What are the cells in the visual cortex that respond selectively to specific details of complex stimuli?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ventral cells

  • centre-surround detectors

  • feature detectors

  • ganglion cells

Explicação

Questão 32 de 60

1

What are the cells in the visual cortex that respond to a line of the correct width, oriented at the correct angle,
and located in the correct position in its receptive field?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ganglion cells

  • binary cells

  • complex cells

  • simple cells

Explicação

Questão 33 de 60

1

What do complex cells in the visual cortex respond to?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • specific widths and orientation of lines anywhere in their receptive field

  • different colours in a specific spectrum

  • figure-ground disparity in the visual field

  • discrepancies between the centre and centre-surround in a receptive field

Explicação

Questão 34 de 60

1

A microelectrode is recording the activity from a single cell in the visual cortex of a cat. The cell begins to fire
rapidly when a line is presented at a 45-degree angle directly in front of the cat, but stops firing when the line is
shifted to a position that is off to the left. What type of cell is likely being monitored in this case?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • complex cell

  • simple cell

  • cell in the superior colliculus

  • ganglion cell

Explicação

Questão 35 de 60

1

A microelectrode is recording the activity from a single cell in the visual cortex of a cat. The cell begins to fire
rapidly when a vertical line sweeps across the visual field to the left, but stops firing when the same line sweeps
back across the visual field to the right. What type of cell is likely being monitored in this case?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • cell in the parvocellular channel

  • simple cell

  • ganglion cell

  • complex cell

Explicação

Questão 36 de 60

1

After visual input has been processed in the primary visual cortex, signals are processed further along a number
of pathways. Which of the following types of visual information would be processed in the temporal lobe, along
the ventral stream?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • movement

  • brightness and contours

  • faces

  • complexity and contrast

Explicação

Questão 37 de 60

1

After visual input has been processed in the primary visual cortex, signals are processed further along a number
of pathways. Where is information about object recognition processed?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • temporal lobes

  • occipital lobes

  • frontal lobes

  • parietal lobes

Explicação

Questão 38 de 60

1

Where does the ventral stream project to after leaving the primary visual cortex?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • basal forebrain

  • cerebellum

  • temporal lobes

  • parietal lobes

Explicação

Questão 39 de 60

1

Charley has visual agnosia and is unable to recognize common, everyday objects. Damage to which component
of the visual system does this condition most likely result from?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ventral stream

  • feature detectors

  • superior colliculus

  • lateral geniculate nucleus

Explicação

Questão 40 de 60

1

Which of the following would you be unable to recognize if you had a condition known as prosopagnosia?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • lines with a 45-degree orientation

  • colours

  • movement

  • faces

Explicação

Questão 41 de 60

1

In which of the following lobes would you find that brain damage leads to visual agnosia?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • frontal

  • occipital

  • temporal

  • parietal

Explicação

Questão 42 de 60

1

You see a delicious-looking doughnut sitting on the counter in front of you, and you guide your hand toward the
doughnut and pop it into your mouth. What do we call the second visual process for guiding your hand?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Hubel vision

  • conscious vision

  • subcortical vision

  • vision for action

Explicação

Questão 43 de 60

1

In the case study of “DF,” a woman experienced brain damage as a result of carbonmonoxide
poisoning and lost the ability to recognize the forms of objects. What type of deficit did “DF” have?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • amnesia

  • failure of vision for action

  • dorsal stream damage

  • agnosia

Explicação

Questão 44 de 60

1

Which of the following activities would be difficult for you to do if you sustained damage to your dorsal stream?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • say the name of an item that you see

  • choose colours that match

  • recognize your best friend

  • reach out to pick up a cup

Explicação

Questão 45 de 60

1

Deanne can see and recognize objects, but she seems to be unable to reach out and grasp them appropriately.
She often knocks over cups and drops pencils because she doesn’t orient her hand to grip them. If this problem
is related to brain damage to the perceptual system, which of the following areas is most likely to be damaged?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ventral stream

  • dorsal stream

  • primary visual cortex

  • superior colliculus

Explicação

Questão 46 de 60

1

While finger painting, Imran mixed yellow paint and blue paint and ended up with green. Which mixing method
did Imran use?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • subtractive colour mixing

  • trichromatic mixing

  • additive colour mixing

  • multiplicative colour mixing

Explicação

Questão 47 de 60

1

If you were to shine lights of different colours onto a surface, so that the lights overlap, what type of colour
mixing are you using?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • subtractive

  • opponent processes

  • additive

  • saturation

Explicação

Questão 48 de 60

1

If you project a red, a green, and a blue light into space, what colour will be perceived at the point where the
three lights cross?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • grey

  • ultraviolet

  • black

  • white

Explicação

Questão 49 de 60

1

If you mix red, green, and blue paint, what colour will you get?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • orange

  • white

  • purple

  • black

Explicação

Questão 50 de 60

1

At the musical he attended over the weekend, Andrew noticed that whenever the red and green spotlights
overlapped, they seemed to change to a yellow spotlight. Which principle explains this perception?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • complex feature detection

  • subtractive colour mixing

  • additive colour mixing

  • opponent processing of colours

Explicação

Questão 51 de 60

1

Television sets are able to re-create the entire visible spectrum by mixing three primary colours of light. Which
theory of human colour vision is similar to this mechanism?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • opponent process

  • saturation

  • trichromatic

  • complementary colour

Explicação

Questão 52 de 60

1

What differs in the visual perception of a human dichromat and a human trichromat?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • colour vision

  • visual acuity

  • dark and light adaptation

  • peripheral vision

Explicação

Questão 53 de 60

1

Hering’s opponent process theory suggests that receptors are linked antagonistically in pairs. What are his
opposed pairs?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • red-yellow; blue-green; black-white

  • yellow-green; red-blue; black-white

  • red-green; yellow-blue; black-white

  • red-black; yellow-white; green-blue

Explicação

Questão 54 de 60

1

Eli has been wearing green welding goggles for the past 30 minutes. Based on the opponent process theory of
colour vision, what colour will white objects appear to be for a brief time after Eli takes off the green goggles?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • blue

  • yellow

  • orange

  • red

Explicação

Questão 55 de 60

1

According to one theory of colour vision, colours are signalled in pairs by neurons that fire faster to one colour
and slower to another colour. What is this theory called?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • trichromatic theory

  • dichromatic theory

  • opponent process theory

  • complementary colour theory

Explicação

Questão 56 de 60

1

Denise was momentarily blinded when paparazzi snapped her picture using a blue flash. Following the flash, she
saw spots for several minutes. What colour were the spots, based on the opponent process theory of colour
vision?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • yellow

  • blue

  • red

  • green

Explicação

Questão 57 de 60

1

After having your picture taken with a yellow flash, you momentarily see blue spots floating before your eyes.
Which process best explains this phenomenon?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • additive colour mixing

  • trichromatic theory

  • opponent process theory

  • subtractive colour mixing

Explicação

Questão 58 de 60

1

Which theory of colour vision is supported by the action of the lateral geniculate nucleus?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Helmholtz’

  • trichromatic

  • opponent process

  • Weber’s

Explicação

Questão 59 de 60

1

Which of the following is the best description of the current view of how colour is coded in the visual system?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • It starts as an opponent process and then switches to a trichromatic process.

  • It starts with rods and then switches to cones.

  • It begins with cones and then switches to rods.

  • It begins with a trichromatic process and then switches to an opponent process.

Explicação

Questão 60 de 60

1

Three groups of students completed the same test, but each group’s tests had a different coloured cover. Based
on research results by Andrew Elliot and his colleagues, which group should have the lowest average score on
the test?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • the group with black tests

  • the group with red tests

  • the group with green tests

  • the group with white tests

Explicação

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