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College-Level Nursing Block 3 Quiz sobre Nutrition, criado por cpeters em 25-02-2015.

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Nutrition

Questão 1 de 25

1

Which statement made by an adult patient demonstrates understanding of healthy nutrition teaching?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • I need to stop eating red meat.

  • I will increase the servings of fruit juice to four a day.

  • I will make sure that I eat a balanced diet and exercise regularly.

  • I will not eat so many dark green vegetables and eat more yellow vegetables.

Explicação

Questão 2 de 25

1

The nurse teaches a patient who has had surgery to increase which nutrient to help with tissue repair?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Fat

  • Protein

  • Vitamin

  • Carbohydrate

Explicação

Questão 3 de 25

1

The nurse is caring for patient experiencing dysphagia. Which interventions help decrease the risk of aspiration during feeding? (Select all that apply.)

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Sit the patient upright in a chair.

  • Give liquids at the end of the meal.

  • Place food in the strong side of the mouth.

  • Provide thin foods to make it easier to swallow.

  • Feed the patient slowly, allowing time to chew and swallow.

  • Encourage patient to lie down to rest for 30 minutes after eating.

Explicação

Questão 4 de 25

1

The nurse suspects that the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central venous catheter (CVC) has an air embolus. What action does the nurse need to take first?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Raise head of bed to 90 degrees.

  • Turn patient to left lateral decubitus position.

  • Notify health care provider immediately.

  • Have patient perform the Valsalva maneuver.

Explicação

Questão 5 de 25

1

Which action is initially taken by the nurse to verify correct position of a newly placed small-bore feeding tube?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Placing an order for x-ray film examination to check position.

  • Confirming the distal mark on the feeding tube after taping.

  • Testing the pH of the gastric contents and observing the color.

  • Auscultating over the gastric area as air is injected into the tube.

Explicação

Questão 6 de 25

1

The catheter of the patient receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) becomes occluded. Check the correct box that has the steps for caring for the occluded catheter in the order in which the nurse would perform them.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Attempt to aspirate a clot, temporarily stop the infusion, flush the line with saline or heparin, use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol.

  • Temporarily stop the infusion, flush the line with saline or heparin, attempt to aspirate a clot, use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol.

  • Temporarily stop the infusion, attempt to aspirate a clot, flush the line with saline or heparin, use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol.

  • Use a thrombolytic agent if ordered or per protocol, flush the line with saline or heparin, temporarily stop the infusion, attempt to aspirate a clot.

Explicação

Questão 7 de 25

1

Based on knowledge of peptic ulcer disease (PUD), the nurse anticipates the presence of which bacteria when reviewing the laboratory data for a patient suspected of having PUD?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Micrococcus

  • Staphylococcus

  • Corynebacterium

  • Helicobacter pylori

Explicação

Questão 8 de 25

1

The nurse is assessing a patient receiving enteral feedings via a small-bore nasogastric tube. Which assessment findings need further intervention?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Gastric pH of 4.0 during placement check.

  • Weight gain of 1 pound over the course of a week.

  • Active bowel sound in the four abdominal quadrants.

  • Gastric residual aspirate of 350 mL for the second consecutive time.

Explicação

Questão 9 de 25

1

The home care nurse is seeing the following patients. Which patient is at greatest risk for experiencing inadequate nutrition?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • A 55-year-old obese man recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.

  • A recently widowed 76-year-old woman recovering from a mild stroke.

  • A 22-year-old mother with a 3-year-old toddler who had tonsillectomy surgery.

  • A 46-year-old man recovering at home following coronary artery bypass surgery.

Explicação

Questão 10 de 25

1

The nurse is checking feeding tube placement. Place the steps in the proper sequence: 1) Draw 5 to 10 mL gastric aspirate into syringe. 2) Flush tube with 30 mL air. 3) Mix aspirate in syringe and place in medicine cup. 4) Observe color of gastric aspirate. 5) Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves. 6) Dip pH strip into gastric aspirate. 7) Compare strip with color chart from manufacturer.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 1, 3, 5, 7, 2, 4, 6

  • 5, 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 7

  • 5, 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 7

  • 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 6

Explicação

Questão 11 de 25

1

Which statement made by a patient of a 2-month-old infant requires further education?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • I'll continue to use formula for the baby until he is at least a year old.

  • I'll make sure that I purchase iron-fortified formula.

  • I'll start feeding the baby cereal at 4 months.

  • I'm going to alternate formula with whole milk starting next month.

Explicação

Questão 12 de 25

1

The nurse is teaching a program on healthy nutrition at the senior community center. Which points should be included in the program for older adults? (Select all that apply.)

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice, which impair drug absorption.

  • Increase the amount of carbohydrates for energy.

  • Take a multivitamin that includes vitamin D for bone health.

  • Cheese and eggs are good sources of protein.

  • Limit fluids to decrease the risk of edema.

Explicação

Questão 13 de 25

1

The nurse sees the nursing assistive personnel (NAP) perform the following for a patient receiving continuous enteral feedings. What intervention does the nurse need to address immediately with the NAP? The NAP:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Fastens the tube to the gown with tape.

  • Places the patient supine while giving a bath.

  • Performs oral care for the patient.

  • Elevates the head of the bed 45 degrees.

Explicação

Questão 14 de 25

1

The patient receiving total glucose is being checked since he does not have diabetes. What is the best response by the nurse?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • TPN can cause hyperglycemia, and it is important to keep your blood glucose level in an acceptable range.

  • The high concentration of dextrose in the TPN can give you diabetes; thus you need to be monitored closely.

  • Monitoring your blood glucose level helps to determine the dose of insulin that you need to absorb the TPN.

  • Checking your blood glucose level regularly helps to determine if the TPN is effective as a nutrition intervention.

Explicação

Questão 15 de 25

1

Which nutrient is the body's most preferred energy source?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Fat

  • Protein

  • Vitamin

  • Carbohydrate

Explicação

Questão 16 de 25

1

Positive nitrogen balance would occur in which condition?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Infection

  • Starvation

  • Pregnancy

  • Burn injury

Explicação

Questão 17 de 25

1

Mrs. Nelson is talking with the nurse about the dietary needs of her 23-month-old daughter, Laura. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be appropirate?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • "Use skim milk to cut down on the fat in Laura's diet."

  • "Laura should be drinking at least 1 quart of milk per day."

  • "Laura needs less protein in her diet now because she isn't growing as fast."

  • "Laura needs fewer calories in relation to her body weight now than she did as an infant."

Explicação

Questão 18 de 25

1

All of the following patients are at risk for alteration in nutrition except:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Patient L, whose weight is 10% above his ideal body weight.

  • Patient J, who is 86 years old, lives alone, and has poorly fitting dentures.

  • Patient M, a 17-year-old girl who weighs 90 pounds and frequently complains about her baby fat.

  • Patient K, who has been allowed nothing by mouth (NPO) for 7 days after bowel surgery and is receiving 3000mL of 10% dextrose per day.

Explicação

Questão 19 de 25

1

Which of the following is the most accurate method of bedside confirmation of placement of a small-bore nasogastric tube?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Assess the patient's ability to speak.

  • Test the pH of withdrawn gastric contents.

  • Auscultate the epigastrium for gurgling or bubbling.

  • Assess the length of the tube that is outside the patient's nose.

Explicação

Questão 20 de 25

1

A patient who has been hospitalized after experiencing a heart attack will most likely receive a diet consisting of:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Low fat, low sodium, and low carbohydrates

  • Low fat, low sodium, and high carbohydrates

  • Low fat, high protein, and high carbohydrates

  • Liquids for several days, progressing to a soft and then a regular diet.

Explicação

Questão 21 de 25

1

A nurse is caring for a client who is at high risk for aspiration. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Give the client thin liquids.

  • Instruct the client to tuck her chin when swallowing.

  • Have the client use a straw.

  • Encourage the client to lie down and rest after meals.

Explicação

Questão 22 de 25

1

A nurse is preparing a presentation about basic nutrients for a group of high school athletes. She should explain that which of the following is the body’s priority energy source?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Fat

  • Protein

  • Glycogen

  • Carbohydrates

Explicação

Questão 23 de 25

1

A nurse is caring for a client who is on a low-residue diet. The nurse should expect to see which of the following foods on the client’s meal tray?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Cooked barley

  • Pureed broccoli

  • Vanilla custard

  • Lentil soup

Explicação

Questão 24 de 25

1

A nurse is caring for a client who weighs 80 kg (176 lb) and is 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) tall. Calculate her body mass index (BMI) and determine whether this client is obese based on her BMI.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • BMI= 34; obese

  • BMI= 31; obese

  • BMI= 29; overweight

  • BMI= 31; overweight

Explicação

Questão 25 de 25

1

A nurse in a senior center is counseling a group of older adults about their nutritional needs and considerations. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Older adults are more prone to dehydration than younger adults are.

  • Older adults need the same amount of most vitamins and minerals as younger adults do.

  • Many older men and women need calcium supplementation.

  • Older adults need more calories than they did when they were younger.

  • Older adults should consume a diet low in carbohydrates.

Explicação

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