Evolution Midterm

Define Inference

Deduction:

Induction

Hypothesis

prediction

Law

Explain Lamarck's theory of evolutionary change

Challenges to Natural Selection (4)

What ruled out Lamarckian evolution?

Explain evolution as fact, theory and path

Transitional Fossil

Atavism

Evidence for Natural Selection (6)

Polytomy and soft polytomy

Cladogram vs. Phylogram

Microevolution

Macroevolution

Extrapolationists

Macroevolutionists

Mendel's First Law (Segregation)

Mendel's Second Law (independent assortment)

Population:

Gene Pool

Assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg (4)

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium equation

Transition vs. Transversion

Translocation

Polyploidy

Mutation Rate

reasons for varied mutation rates (5)

Darwin's postulates (4)

Natural Selection

frequency of deleterious recessive alleles at equilibrium

Types of Natural Selection (4)

Genetic Drift

Types of Genetic Drift (3)

Explain "Drunkards Walk"

Average time and likelihood for new allele to reach fixation

likelihood of fixation for present allele

Effective Population Size

Gene Flow

Inbreeding

Inbreeding Coefficient (F)

Inbreeding depression

Adaptive Radiation

EPP

Longevity

Adaptations

Direct Adaptive Evolution

Indirect Evolution

mechanisms of indirect evolution (6)

Exaptation

Exaptation possibilities (7)

Collage

Reasons for suboptimality

Types of constraints (4)

Antagonistic pleiotropy

trade-offs

Panglossian Paradigm

Scaffolding

stratigraphy

uniformitarianism

significance of Natural History of Creation

3 pieces of evidence that DNA is genetic material

Chargaff's Rules

"purifying" selection

frequency dependant selection

Gene flow equation

A1A1 frequency, A1A2 frequency

steps of direct adaptive evolution (3)

hypothetic-deductive method

explain "ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny"

How do byproducts of dimorphism occur?

Allometry

Reasons for features to become vestigial (3)

reasons vestigial structures remain (4)

Population Genetics

Adaptations to... (6)

Secondary Adaptation