Lecture 9- Ethical concerns

Ethical behaviour involves choosing that are , , & . When you work in group in company each member bears some for of other members. Each member should be willing to their own for of group

Biggest challenge with ethical dilemmas (problems) is that when they arise, frequently do not understand that such dilemma has & action that should be taken to dilemma

One ethical principle is . This means to be & in all & relationships

Another ethical principle is . This means to not allow , of interest or undue of others

Third ethical principle is & . This means to maintain professional & at level required to ensure or receive competent professional services based on current in practice, legislation & techniques & act & in accordance with applicable technical & professional

Fourth ethical principle is . This means to respect of information acquired as a result of & relationships & therefore not any such information to third parties without proper & specific unless there is legal or professional right or duty to disclose, nor use information for advantage of professional accountant or third parties

Fifth ethical principle is . This means to comply with relevant & & avoid any action that profession

One threat to ethical principle is . This means that or other will inappropriately influence professional accountant’s or

Another threat to ethical principle is . This means that professional accountant will not appropriately results of judgment made or activity or service performed by professional accountant, or by another within professional accountant’s firm or employing organisation, on which accountant will when forming judgment as part of performing activity or providing service

Third threat to ethical principle is . This means that professional accountant will promote or position to point that professional accountant’s is

Fourth threat to ethical principle is . This means that due to or relationship with or , professional accountant will be too sympathetic to their or too of their work

Fifth threat to ethical principle is . This means that professional accountant will be from acting because of actual or perceived , including attempts to exercise undue over professional accountant

Safeguards are or other measures that may threats or reduce them to an level. They fall into two categories which include: safeguards created by , or & safeguards in

Two safeguards created by profession, legislation or regulation are: , & requirements for into profession & continuing professional requirements

Another two safeguards created by profession, legislation or regulation are: regulations &

Final two safeguards created by profession, legislation or regulation are: professional or regulatory & procedures & external by legally empowered third party of , returns, communications or produced by professional accountant

One safeguard in work environment is that stresses importance of with fundamental , , &

Another safeguard in work environment is documented internal & requiring with fundamental , , &

Third safeguard in work environment is documented regarding need to identify such as with third parties

Steps in identifying & dealing ethical dilemmas include: Check all facts & where possible. Then ask ‘is it ?' 'Is it ?' After that which fundamental are affected & affected . Next seek professional or legal . Finally, to remain associated with conflict

First few steps for resolution of ethical conflict are: follow your established policies on of ethical conflict. If this does not resolve conflict/organisation has no such policy, discuss with your immediate except when supervisor is involved. If your supervisor is involved, present issue to next level (until audit committee/board of directors, if necessary)

Next few steps for resolution of ethical conflict if not resolved are: clarify relevant by initiating with an or advisor to obtain better of possible courses of action. Seek legal as to legal obligations & rights concerning ethical conflict

Final step for resolution of ethical conflict if not resolved is to remain with matter creating (could include )