Which of the following muscles acts synergistically to the vastus lateralis during the upward movement phase of the squat?
biceps femoris
rectus abdominis
iliopsoas
Which is an approximate rest interval for a middle distance runner performing 800-m running intervals in 2 minutes?
6 minutes
4 minutes
3 minutes
Which of the following human muscle fiber types possesses the highest capillary density?
I
lIa
lIb
Which of the following upper arm muscle groups and types of muscle actions are associated with the biceps curl exercise?
I. flexors, eccentric II. extensors, eccentric III. flexors, concentric IV. extensors, concentric
I and III only
II and III only
II and IV only
As compared to males, the potential of force production in females per muscle cross-sectional area is
higher.
equal.
lower.
A 176 Ib (80 kg) athlete has an average daily intake of 450g of carbohydrate, 75g of protein, and 100g of fat. What percent of the total kilocalorie intake is fat?
30
35
40
Which cardiovascular adaptations to chronic aerobic exercise contribute the most to improved aerobic endurance performance?
increased maximal cardiac output
decreased resting blood pressure
decreased resting heart rate
An untrained college-aged athlete begins a strength training program. After training for 3 weeks, her strength increases dramatically. Which of the following is the most influential factor responsible for this improvement?
increased cross-sectional area of muscle fibers
improved neuromuscular efficiency
increased quantity of muscle fibers
Which of the following ankle movements and planes of action occur with the upward movement phase of the standing calf (heel) raise exercise?
plantar flexion, sagittal
plantar flexion, frontal
dorsiflexion, frontal
All of the following applied program design variables contribute to significant exercise-induced increases in serum testosterone concentrations EXCEPT:
high volumes
large muscle group exercise
long rest periods
Which of the following exercises involves a first-class lever?
triceps pushdown
leg (knee) curl
dumbbell biceps curl
The depletion of which fuel sources may contribute to fatigue in prolonged aerobic events AND repeated anaerobic exercise bouts?
muscle glycogen
free fatty acids
creatine phosphate
Which of the following causes the largest increase in serum growth hormone concentration?
high-intensity resistance exercise
low-intensity aerobic exercise
oral ingestion of arginine
Which is a characteristic of fast-twitch muscle fibers?
high power output
high resistance to fatigue
low anaerobic enzyme content
What type of lipid comprises the majority of dietary fat?
triglycerides .
low-density lipoproteins
high-density lipoproteins
Which activity places the LEAST metabolic demand on the phosphagen energy system?
cross-country skiing
basketball
football
Which is a characteristic of a vertical chest press machine versus a free weight bench press?
less skill is required to perform the exercise
less stress is placed on the prime movers
more muscle groups are trained simultaneously
In what elbow position is the torque generating capabilities of the elbow flexors greatest?
90° elbow flexion
0° elbow flexion, since muscles are at their resting length
120° elbow flexion
What energy system is used the most during a 400 m sprint race?
fast glycolysis
slow glycolysis
Phosphagen
Which exercise stimulates the greatest increase in axial skeleton bone mineral density?
lying triceps extension
lat pulldown
shoulder press
Which of the following is a dietary source of an incomplete protein?
eggs
fish
legumes
Which describes the proper position of the lumbar spine during the performance of the back squat?
lordotic
flexed
kyphotic
Which substrates requires oxygen to be available to allow it to be metabolized for energy for exercise?
I. triglycerides II. muscle glycogen III. amino acids IV. blood glucose
Dynamically pre-stretching a muscle is associated with which type of subsequent muscle action?
eccentric
concentric
isometric
Which is an indicator of anorexia nervosa?
a fear of becoming obese
frequent weight fluctuations
a binge-purge eating pattern
Which decreases as a result of resistance training and increases due to aerobic training?
mitochondrial density
glycogen stores
creatine phosphate stores
Performance decrements from dehydration among aerobic athletes may begin to occur after the loss of what percentage of body mass?
3
1
5
Which competitive situations would inspire an athlete with a high motive to achieve success (MAS)?
a challenging situation in which the probability of success to failure is even
an easy competition in which success is virtually guaranteed
a very difficult situation in which the likelihood of success is limited
Which is the most appropriate course of action if an eating disorder is suspected with an athlete?
Monitor the athlete's food intake.
Provide comprehensive nutrition information.
Refer the athlete to the team physician.
All are changes to collagen fibrils within a tendon in response to a resistance training program EXCEPT increased
decrease in cross section area
greater number of covalent cross-link with the hypertrophied fiber
increase in collagen fibril diameter
Which of the following events occurs during a concentric muscle action?
the H-zone decreases as the Z-discs are pulled toward each other
the actin cross-bridges attach to the myosin filaments
each sarcomere is stimulated by a motor neuron
All are potential indicators of overtraining EXCEPT::
increased resting blood pressure
decreased exercise heart rate
decreased muscle glycogen stores
When lifting maximal loads, the use of a weight belt may provide the greatest benefits when performing which of the following exercises?
front squat
bench press
machine shoulder press
A 6'2" (188 cm), 220 Ib (100 kg) college football player desires to gain muscle weight. Which of the following should be his first nutritional priority if his current 3000 kcal/day intake consists of 18% protein (1.4 g/kg), 55% carbohydrate (4.1g/kg), and 27% fat (0.9g/kg)?
decrease fat
increase protein
increase kcals
During a single aerobic exercise session, oxygen is delivered to the working muscles at an elevated rate due to an increase in:
cardiac output.
total blood hemoglobin.
blood glucose.
