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Comprehensive Review questions compiled by turknO_ for leggomed

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BIOCHEMISTRY: Intermediate metabolism

Questão 1 de 20

1

A low level of carbon dioxide labeled with 14C is accidentally released into the atmosphere surrounding industrial workers as they resume work following the lunch hour. Unknowingly, they breathe the contaminated air for 1 hour. Which of the following compounds will be radioactively labeled?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • All of the carbon atoms of newly synthesized fatty acid.

  • About one half of the carbon atoms of newly synthesized fatty acids.

  • The carboxyl atom of newly synthesized fatty acids.

  • About one third of the carbons of newly synthesized malonyl CoA.

  • One half of the carbon atoms of newly synthesized acetyl CoA.

Explicação

Questão 2 de 20

1

A teenager, concerned about his weight, attempts to maintain a fat-free diet for a period of several weeks. If his ability to synthesize various lipids were examined, he would be found to be most deficient in his ability to synthesize:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Triacylglycerol

  • Phospholipids

  • Cholesterol

  • Sphingolipids

  • Prostaglandins

Explicação

Questão 3 de 20

1

A 44-year-old man displayed elevated cholesterol levels and was prescribed a statin to reduce such levels. Statin treatment has the potential to interfere with the synthesis of which of the following?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Heme

  • Dihydrobiopterin

  • Ketone bodies

  • Coenzyme Q

  • Glycogen

Explicação

Questão 4 de 20

1

A 12-year-old female presented with severe abdominal pain and was found to have a markedly elevated plasma triglyceride concentration (750 mg/dL). A lipoprotein analysis revealed elevated levels of chylomicrons and VLDL and reduced levels of HDL. Which protein might be defective in this patient?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ApoCII

  • ApoB100

  • ApoE

  • Pancreatic lipase

  • LCAT

Explicação

Questão 5 de 20

1

Statins are ineffective in lowering cholesterol levels in individuals with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia due to which of the following?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • HMG-CoA reductase is resistant to statins

  • Statins cannot enter the liver cells

  • LDL receptors are nonfunctional

  • Reverse cholesterol transport is inoperative in these patients

  • LCAT is resistant to statin action

Explicação

Questão 6 de 20

1

An adult male should have HDL levels equal to or greater than 40 mg/dL. A necessary enzyme contributing to HDL’s protective effect is which of the following?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • CETP

  • LCAT

  • ACAT

  • AMP-activated protein kinase

  • Protein kinase A

Explicação

Questão 7 de 20

1

You have placed a patient on Pravachol pravastatin to reduce her cholesterol. This class of drugs is effective due to a direct inhibition of which of the following?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • HMG-CoA synthase

  • HMG-CoA reductase

  • Carnitine acyltransferase 1 (CAT-1)

  • Citrate lyase

Explicação

Questão 8 de 20

1

A child has been diagnosed with Tay–Sachs disease, in which a particular lipid accumulates within the lysosomes. The component of this lipid which cannot be removed in the lysosome is which of the following?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Sphingomyelin

  • Ceramide

  • Fatty acid

  • Glucose

  • N-acetylgalactosamine

Explicação

Questão 9 de 20

1

Glutathione is a constituent of

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Leukotriene A4

  • Leukotriene C4

  • Thromboxane A1

  • None of these

Explicação

Questão 10 de 20

1

Cyclo-oxygenase is involved in the synthesis of

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Prostaglandin

  • Thromboxane

  • Prostaglandin and thromboxane

  • Leukotriene

Explicação

Questão 11 de 20

1

Esters of fatty acids with higher alcohols other than glycerol are said to be

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Waxes

  • Fats

  • None of these

  • Oils

Explicação

Questão 12 de 20

1

Carnitine is synthesized from

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Lysine

  • Serine

  • Choline

  • Arginine

Explicação

Questão 13 de 20

1

A patient has been diagnosed with abetalipoproteinemia. A possible deficiency in which of the following vitamins could occur in this patient?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Vitamin B1

  • Vitamin B2

  • Niacin

  • Vitamin C

  • Vitamin E

Explicação

Questão 14 de 20

1

Which one of the fatty acids listed below can be synthesized by humans?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Cis Δ9, 12 C18:2

  • Cis Δ9, 12, 15 C18:3

  • Cis Δ5, 8, 13 C20:3

  • Cis Δ5, 8, 11, 14 C20:4

  • Cis Δ10 C16:1

Explicação

Questão 15 de 20

1

You are treating a patient with a fat malabsorption problem, and you suggest that the patient switch his or her diet to one that contains which of the following?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Triglycerides with long-chain fatty acids

  • Triglycerides with medium-chain fatty acids

  • Triglycerides with short-chain fatty acids

  • Triglycerides with a mixture of long-chain and short-chain fatty acids

  • Triglycerides with a mixture of long-chain and medium-chain fatty acids

Explicação

Questão 16 de 20

1

Treatment of dyslipidemia may involve giving the patient one of these

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Niacin

  • Lovastatin

  • Vitamin E

  • Mevastatin

Explicação

Questão 17 de 20

1

The above prescription works by

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Lowering serum LDL levels

  • Lowering levels of VLDL and raises levels of HDL

  • Raising LDL levels

  • Increasing bile acids synthesis

  • Inhibiting HMG CoA reductase activity

Explicação

Questão 18 de 20

1

The exchange of cholestrol esters for triacylglycerols between HDLs and VLDLs is catalysed by

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • LCAT

  • CETP

  • ACAT

  • Lipoprotein lipase

Explicação

Questão 19 de 20

1

Tay-Sachs is to hexosaminidase as Gaucher is to__________

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Glucocerebrosidase

  • Sphingomyelinase

  • Alpha-galactosidase

  • Arylsulphatase A

Explicação

Questão 20 de 20

1

Non-liver and Non-intestine cells get cholesterol from the plasma, rather than synthesizing it de novo from LDL

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação