The nurse is explaining the concept of growth to a parent. Which of the following statements should be made by the nurse?
“Growth means adding height and weight to your body.”
“We continue to grow in various ways throughout life.”
“How much we grow is based on gender.”
“Growth stops when we are young adults.”
Which of the following statements is correct related to the concept of growth?
Growth occurs mainly during early childhood
Older adults do not experience growth-related changes
Growth refers only to the increase in the size of specific organs and systems
Growth occurs throughout the life cycle
The nurse at a well-baby clinic is assessing a 12-month-old child. At birth, the child weighed 7 lb. 3 oz. During this visit, the child weighs 21 lb. 10 oz. Which of the following conclusions would the nurse make about the child’s weight?
The infant is gaining weight faster than anticipated.
The infant is malnourished.
The infant is at the expected weight for his or her age.
The infant is having a growth spurt.
The school nurse has been asked to order growth charts. Which of the following growth charts should be selected to assessing children in first through fifth grades?
Generic body mass index chart
Height and weight chart
Revised CDC growth chart
WHO international growth chart
A school nurse is obtaining the height and weight of a 9-year-old child. Which of the following is the best method to assess the child’s growth?
Use serial measurements over time.
Use this measurement
Use this measurement and compare it with the child’s peers
Use the WHO growth chart to assess this child’s measurements
An infant’s central nervous system develops before his peripheral nervous system. This pattern is an example of which of the following?
Cephalocaudal
Proximodistal
Differentiation
Specialization
Which of the following would be an example of differentiation as a pattern of development?
An infant raises his head before controlling his arms.
An infant shows the Morro reflex when startled
An infant uses his whole hand to grasp and months later he has a pincer grasp
A child walks sooner than did any of his siblings
A mother comes to the pediatric clinic and says to the nurse, “I am worried about my 11-month-old baby because he is not crawling yet and his brother crawled when he was 11 months old. Is something wrong?” Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
“It is highly unusual for siblings not to reach developmental milestones at the same time. I’ll ask the doctor to assess him.”
“All babies reach developmental milestones at different rates.”
“This may be something to worry about. I’ll have the doctor examine him.”
“Don’t worry; he’ll crawl soon enough.”
Which of the following statements describes Erikson’s theory of development?
A healthy personality is defined by the lack of pathology.
Stages of development advance based on psychosocial factors
The main premise of the theory is that individuals are interdependent beings and rely on each other in order to develop successfully.
An individual must successfully accomplish the developmental stage before proceeding to the next stage.
Increasing competence and adaptability, which reflects understanding of complexity, defines
learning
maturation
differentiation
stability
According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, which of the following statements is correct?
Cognitive function continues to become refined throughout life
A child’s greatest task is to make sense of the world around him or her
Culture plays a major role in cognitive development
Learning precedes development.
Which of the following statements summarizes Vygotsky’s theory of development?
All children develop cognitively at the same rate
Social and cultural influences are not major factors in cognitive development
Learning is an individual activity
Experience creates learning
Kohlberg’s theory of moral development is based on
Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development
Piaget’s theory of cognitive development
Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development
Gilligan’s theory of moral development
According to Vygotsky’s theory, the distance between the actual and potential level of development is called ____.
Region of compromised development
Scaffolding
Zone of proximal development
Developmental delay
For which theorist would the social, cultural, and political environment be an important component to learning and development?
Kolhlberg
Gilligan
Vygotsky
Piaget
Which of the following statements about Gilligan’s theory of moral development is accurate?
This theory is based on a sense of absolute right and wrong
This theory is gender specific
This theory is dependent on one’s stage of cognitive development
This theory is based on the premise that women view situations in terms of rules
A nurse is caring for a person with the nursing diagnosis of chronic sorrow related to missed opportunities. Which of the following nursing interventions would be appropriate for this person?
Sharing a personal story with the person to demonstrate empathy
Assuring the person that he or she will be able to cope with the illness
Encouraging the person to discuss his or her fears
Contacting a support group representative for the person
A nurse is teaching parents of a toddler about nutrition. Which of the following statements should be made by the nurse?
“Raisins are a good finger food because they provide fiber.”
“Grapes are a good snack choice because they help toddlers meet their daily fruit requirements.”
“Hot dogs are not a safe food choice because they may cause choking.”
“A small piece of chewing gum will help strengthen jaw muscle; just be sure he or she does not swallow it.”
A nurse who is conducting a parenting class is asked how to select a good day care center for an 18-month-old child. Which of the following responses should be made by the nurse?
“Day care centers that schedule age-appropriate educational videos increase verbal ability.”
“Human interaction increases a toddler’s verbal skills, so select a day care center that values adult-to-toddler interaction.”
“Learning to understand the meaning of words is increased when toddlers are exposed to educational DVDs, so select a day care center that has an extensive library of age-appropriate, educational DVDs.”
“There really is no difference in the quality of day care centers based on whether or not videos or DVDs are used for educational purposes.”
A high school sophomore engages in risky behavior to fit in with his peers. According to Erikson’s theory of human development, which of the following developmental conflicts is this student facing?
Initiative versus guilt
Industry versus inferiority
Identity versus role confusion
Intimacy versus isolation
A child is focused on peer approval and avoidance of “not fitting in.” According to Kohlberg, this child is experiencing which of the following stages of moral development?
Preconventional
Conventional
Postconventional
Preoperational
The nurse is caring for a person who donated a kidney to a stranger in need. According to Gilligan’s stages of moral development, the person who donated the kidney is in which of the following stages?
Midconventional
A nurse is attending a continuing education program about growth and development. Why is it necessary that nurses are well educated about this content? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.)
Have a better understanding of genetics and genomics
Can meet the requirements of Healthy People 2010
Can provide more effective health education
Can deliver anticipatory guidance to families
A nurse is educating new parents about normal growth and development for their child. Which of the following items would the nurse include in this discussion? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.)
Trends in childhood obesity
Availability of a well-balanced diet
Exposure to lead-based pain
Height/weight of relatives
The school nurse is conducting an in-service program for teachers that discusses the development of elementary school children. According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, which of the following information would the nurse include? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Use abstract thought to discuss a story
Make moral decisions concerning right and wrong actions
Listen to a peer’s point of view about a playground situation
Be influenced by his or her friends
