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unit 3 multiple choice questions from practice exam

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Principles of Biology I - Unit 3 Quiz

Questão 1 de 18

1

An organism’s ________________ is determined by its _________________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Genotype; phenotype

  • Phenotype; genotype

  • Allele; phenotype

  • F1 generation; allele

Explicação

Questão 2 de 18

1

What are Barr bodies?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • X chromosomes inactivated to prevent over-expression of the alleles found on the X chromosome in females

  • Highly condensed Y chromosomes in males

  • X chromosomes inactivated to allow for expression of the males-specific phenotype

  • Inactive autosomal chromosomes specific to females

Explicação

Questão 3 de 18

1

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence ATTGCAT, then the complementary strand will have the sequence

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • ATTGCAT

  • TACGTTA

  • TAACGTA

  • GCCTAGC

Explicação

Questão 4 de 18

1

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • DNA is the genetic material.

  • Information passes from DNA to protein.

  • Information passes from DNA to RNA to protein

  • One gene encodes only one polypeptide

Explicação

Questão 5 de 18

1

Nondisjunction results in

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • An improper number of chromosomes

  • aneuploidy

  • None of the above

  • Both a and b above

Explicação

Questão 6 de 18

1

The principle that states that two alleles for a gene separate during gamete formation and are rejoined at random, one from each parent during fertilization is called

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Mendel’s second law of heredity

  • The principle of segregation

  • Law of independent assortment

  • Mendel’s third law of heredity

Explicação

Questão 7 de 18

1

When more than one gene affects a trait, this is known as ____________ and an example of this can be found with _______________.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Pleiotropy; eye color

  • Incomplete dominance; hairline

  • Polygenic inheritance; eye color

  • Codominance; sex-linked disorders

Explicação

Questão 8 de 18

1

In certain flowers, the heterozygous condition is displayed as an intermediate phenotype between the two homozygous conditions. For example, crossing red snapdragons with white snapdragons produces pink snapdragons. This is an example of:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Incomplete dominance

  • Codominance

  • Segregation

  • Epistasis

Explicação

Questão 9 de 18

1

Nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes is much more likely to occur in women than in men because

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • this is not true; nondisjunction occurs equally in men and women

  • Women have two X chromosomes to the one X chromosome in men

  • Women’s eggs have developed prior to birth while men form new sperm cells daily and so the eggs are much older.

  • It is carried on the X chromosome

Explicação

Questão 10 de 18

1

If an organism’s DNA is known to be composed of 23% adenine, what percentage of their DNA would be composed of guanine?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 27%

  • 23%

  • Unable to determine from the data given

  • 46%

Explicação

Questão 11 de 18

1

The process in which DNA is used as a template to form another DNA molecule is called

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Transcription

  • Reverse transcription

  • Replication

  • Translation

Explicação

Questão 12 de 18

1

In addition to adding bases to the growing DNA strand during replication, DNA polymerase is also responsible for

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Proofreading the new DNA molecule as it is being synthesized

  • Synthesizing RNA

  • Making proteins

  • DNA polymerase has only the one function

Explicação

Questão 13 de 18

1

DNA is always synthesized in the __________ direction and because of this, the lagging strand is synthesized ______________, forming Okazaki fragments.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 3’-5’; discontinuously

  • 3’-5’; continuously

  • 5’-3”; discontinuously

  • 5’-3’; continuously

Explicação

Questão 14 de 18

1

Some errors that may occur during DNA replication may be repaired. The type of repair that does not require the presence of light is known as:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Photorepair

  • Mutagen repair

  • Radiation

  • Excision repair

Explicação

Questão 15 de 18

1

What is added to eukaryotic transcripts following transcription

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 5’ cap and a 3’ poly A tail

  • 3’ cap and a 5’ poly A tail

  • 5’ hat and a 3’ poly B tail

  • 3’ bonnet and a 5’ poly A tail

Explicação

Questão 16 de 18

1

Where does translation occur in eukaryotes?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • In the nucleus

  • In the golgi apparatus

  • On the ribosomes

  • In a vacuole

Explicação

Questão 17 de 18

1

A mutation that alters a single base but does not alter the amino acid that is coded for is called a _________ mutation.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Missense

  • Silent

  • Nonsense

  • noisy

Explicação

Questão 18 de 18

1

Which of the following is a good example of epistasis?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • red and white snapdragons are bred and the offspring are pink

  • Himalayan rabbits produce temperature-sensitive products

  • when mice have one copy of the spinning gene they spin but with two copies, they die.

  • E gene determines fur color of Labrador retrievers and the B gene determines the darkness of the pigment

Explicação