A) Focal length of the eyeball is too long

B) Focal length of the eyeball is too short

C) Objects far away can be seen well

D) I think there was something about “far away objects are focused ... on the retina and near objects are focused ... on the retina?

E) Far point can be 1m away​

A) Depends on the state of rods

B) Means the distance of ... and 1 arc

C) Depends on the visual field

D) Can be impaired by defects of focusing

A) They maintain activity of Ia afferent

B) They detect the length of extrafusal muscle fibres

C) They produce contraction of nuclear bag and chain fibres

D) They stimulate the activity of Ib fibres

A) Elicited by postganglionic neurons

B) Elicited by nicotinic receptor

C) Same distance as intramuscular conduction (something like that)

D) Gap junction ... affected by smooth muscle

A) Endocrine cells of medulla of adrenal gland

B) Sarcolemma of smooth muscle cells of urinary bladder

C) Sarcolemma of skeletal muscle cells

D) Sarcolemma of smooth muscle cells of systemic veins

E) Sarcolemma of visceral smooth muscle cells of gallbladder​

B) Low frequencies high amplitude in NREM sleep

C) Forms sleep spindles in EEG

D) Appears over occipital lobes when eyes are closed

E) Measured mostly on frontal lobe for conscious thought

A) Contraction of smooth muscles of vessel by alpha 1-Adrenergic receptor

B) Decrease dilation of bronchi by beta 2-adrenergic receptor

C) Increased liberation of epinephrine mediated by alpha1

D) Decrease contraction of gastric sphincter by beta 1-adrenergic receptor

A) Nicotinic receptor generates action potential on motor neuron end plate

B) ACh generates end plate potenial

C) Muscarinic M1 —> IPSP on motor end plates

D) EPP on sarcolemma by ligand gated channels (Ryanodine receptors)

A) Excitatory interneuron

B) Alpha neuron

C) Golgi tendon organ

D) Muscle spindle

E) D alpha input

F) 1 alpha input

A) Degeneration of rhodopsin

B) Regeneration of light sensitive of rhodopsin

C) Constriction of pupil

D) Dilation of pupil

E) Increased sensitivity of retina for light

A) Stereo-cilia bend towards kinocilium, this causes opening of potassium channels (cell discharge more frequently)

B) Behind scala media vibration causes 20Hz

C) Impulse goes to cochlear nerve...

A) End plate potential is produced by ligand-gated sodium channels

B) Calcium ions enter axon terminal through voltage gated channels

C) Calcium mediates resynthesis of neurotransmitters

D) Presynaptic inhibition mediated by inhibitory transmitter as GABA
producing IPSP in axon terminal other than neuron, Such process
decreases ability of axon to conduct action potential

A) Develops in axon hillock

B) Develops outside of axon hillock

C) Native nicotinic receptor

D) EPP is an example of IPSP

A) Composed of transducer and photopsin

B) Ionotropic receptor of the free floating disc of the outer segment of the rods

C) More sensitive to light than photopsin

D) Mechanoreceptor of coupled G-protein

A, C, B, D, F, E

C, D, A, E, B, F

A, B, C, E, D, F

C, F, A, B, E, D