TEST ISA

Questão 1 de 59

1

Taxonomy is the science responsible for:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Living things classification, according to several rules on categories called (taxones)
b) Analyzing the composition of the tissues that form the organs of the living things.
c) Studying living things’ metabolism
d) Studying the relationship between living things and its environment

Explicação

Questão 2 de 59

1

The timeline of the evolutionary history of a specie is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Metamorphosis
b) Osteogeny
c) Phylogeny
d) Mitosis

Explicação

Questão 3 de 59

1

The theory based on the idea that all species are related and gradually change over time is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Evolutionism
Metabolism
Catabolism
Phylogeny

Explicação

Questão 4 de 59

1

Adaptive convergence is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The process by which species that are phylogenetically far away show organs with a similar shape and function but with different structure and origins.
The process by which simple organic molecules join to create more complex macromolecules.
The process by which complex organic molecules divide up in more simple molecules releasing energy.
None answer is correct.

Explicação

Questão 5 de 59

1

The theory which says that an organism can pass on to its offspring physical characteristics that the parent organism acquired through use or disuse during its lifetime is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Lamarckism
Metabolism
Calvinism
Cannibalism

Explicação

Questão 6 de 59

1

The best way to summarize Darwinism is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Evolution is driven mainly by natural selection, keeping the best adaptations on organisms, and leaving the ones that are useless.
The human being is the most developed organism.
Species that aren’t developed disappear.
Organisms more developed are the most complex whereas the simplest ones are less developed.

Explicação

Questão 7 de 59

1

A specie is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Individuals that live in the same region
Individuals with similar colors
Some individuals that form a population that can’t reproduce ending up with an infertile descendants.
A group of individuals with a similar appearance that are able to reproduce between them, ending up with a fertile descendant. They are isolated reproductively from other close groups.

Explicação

Questão 8 de 59

1

Parapatric speciation happens when:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Two subpopulations of a species evolve reproductive isolation from one another while continuing to exchange genes.
None answer is correct
A determined characteristic disappears on a population which is geographically away to another.
On a population a mutation fails and those individuals that show it disappear.

Explicação

Questão 9 de 59

1

Neo-darwinists say:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The geographical distribution is the main resource of the descendant’s variability
The only resource that explains the evolutionary process is the mitosis that takes place during the gametes formation.
Mutations and meiosis during the gametes formation are the main resource of variability on descendants which explain the evolutionary process.
All answers are correct

Explicação

Questão 10 de 59

1

Adaptive divergence is the process by which related species:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Acquire similar adaptations for different environments.
Can reproduce together as they are related
Disappear due to their lack of skills to adapt to the environment they have around.
Organs with the same origin and internal structure acquire really different functions.

Explicação

Questão 11 de 59

1

Fixism theory says that:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Living things have been created and since then will be unchangeable.
b) Living things have originated from others preexisting.
c) Living things have originated from others identical, and so, they will be unchangeable.
d) Living things have originated from others, but during this process some changes have occurred.

Explicação

Questão 12 de 59

1

Evolutionism says that:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Living things have originated from others identical, and so, they will be unchangeable.
b) Living things have originated from changes of others preexisting.
c) Living things have been created
d) All the answers are wrong.

Explicação

Questão 13 de 59

1

Evolutionist theories are:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Fixisms
b) Creationists
c) Transformisms
d) All lamarckisms

Explicação

Questão 14 de 59

1

On this list we can find a famous fixism scientist:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Cuvier
b) Lamarck
c) Jean Baptiste Monet
d) Darwin

Explicação

Questão 15 de 59

1

In this list we can find two scientists who are evolutionists:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

b) Lamarck and Darwin
a) Lamarck and Cuvier
c) Linneo and Darwin
d) Cuvier and Linneo

Explicação

Questão 16 de 59

1

Darwin lived:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

d) In the XIX century
a) In the XVI century
b) In the XVII century
c) In the XVIII century

Explicação

Questão 17 de 59

1

In this list we can find two famous scientists who are fixism:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

d) Cuvier and Linneo
a) Lamarck and Cuvier
b) Lamarck and Darwin
c) Linneo and Darwin

Explicação

Questão 18 de 59

1

Cuvier, a paleontologist scientist, believed that species were unchangeable. Perhaps, he realized while he was studying some fossils that older living things were different than the actual ones. How did he try to solve this controversy?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) At the end of his life he became evolutionist.
b) He came up with the catastrophic theory
c) He couldn’t solve it
d) didybvd

Explicação

Questão 19 de 59

1

Lamarck lived during:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

c) The end of XVIII and the beginning of XIX
a) The end of XVI and the beginning of XVII
b) The end of XVII and the beginning of XVIII
d) The end of XIX and the beginning of XX

Explicação

Questão 20 de 59

1

Bat or insect wings are an example of:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

c) Analogous organs.
a) Evolution.
b) Equivalent organs.
d) Paleontological evidence

Explicação

Questão 21 de 59

1

This is an image of a circulatory system from a:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Amphibian
Fish
Reptile
Mammal

Explicação

Questão 22 de 59

1

This is a circulatory system from an amphibian because:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Its circulation has two circuits and its heart has three cavities.
Its heart has four cavities.
Its circulation has only one circuit and its heart has three cavities
It has a double circulatory circuit

Explicação

Questão 23 de 59

1

This is an image of a circulatory system from a:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Fish
Mammal
Amphibian
Reptile

Explicação

Questão 24 de 59

1

I know it is a fish because:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Its heart has two cavities and only one circuit
Its circulation is a double circuit one
None of the previous answers is totally correct
Blood goes from the body to the gills

Explicação

Questão 25 de 59

1

Fins of whales and arms of humans are example of:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

b) Equivalent organs
a) convergent evolution
c) Analogous organs
d) Paleontological evidences

Explicação

Questão 26 de 59

1

Sharks and dolphins are animals that belong to two really different groups; fish and mammals respectively. However, they have a similar shape, which makes this an example of:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Analogy
b) Homology
c) Phylogenetic series
d) Intermediate forms

Explicação

Questão 27 de 59

1

An important anatomical evidence os the evolution process is the development of the circulatory system from vertebrates. This is proved because the most complex circulatory systems appear in:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

d) Birds and mammals
a) Fish
b) Amphibians
c) Reptiles

Explicação

Questão 28 de 59

1

The next affirmation: “As moles live underground, in the darkness, adapted by losing sight”. This sentence is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

b) Lamarckism, as it is based on evolution depending on use and lack of use.
a) Darwinist, as this is what happened in reality.
c) Neo-darwinist, as it is based on mutations.
d) None of the previous answers is correct.

Explicação

Questão 29 de 59

1

Polar bears are white. How can this fact be explained according to darwinist theories?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

b) In snow, polar bears are better adapted and give more descendants than others with a different hair color.
a) Bears became white to get mixed up with their environment.
c) Mutations make polar bears white and not with a different color.
d) None of the previous answers is correct

Explicação

Questão 30 de 59

1

The next affirmation: “As nits are parasites, the growth of its wings have been atrophied”. This sentence is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

b) Lamarckism, as it is based on evolution depending on use and lack of use.
a) Darwinist, as this is what happened in reality.
c) Neo-darwinist, as it is based on mutations.
d) None of the previous answers is correct.

Explicação

Questão 31 de 59

1

One of these principles is darwinism characterized:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

c) Evolution through natural selection.
a) Theory of use and lack of use.
b) The inheritance of the acquired characteres.
d) Variability that originates from mutation.

Explicação

Questão 32 de 59

1

Polar bears are white. How can this fact be explained according to darwinist theories?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

b) In snow, polar bears are better adapted and give more descendants than others with a different hair color.
a) Bears became white to get mixed up with their environment.
c) Mutations make polar bears white and not with a different color.
d) None of the previous answers is correct

Explicação

Questão 33 de 59

1

This picture shows evolution according to:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Darwin
Lamarck
Neo-darwinism
Fixism theory

Explicação

Questão 34 de 59

1

This picture shows the evolution process according to:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Lamarck
Darwin
Fixism theory
Neo-darwinism

Explicação

Questão 35 de 59

1

Here we can see a Drosophila with vestigial, short wings. This variety can’t fly and doesn’t exist in nature, however it frequently shows up when it is bred in big numbers in the laboratory for genetical experiments, it is reproduced easily. How can its apparition in the laboratory be explained?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

c) This variety appear through mutation from flies with wings.
a) In the laboratory, as they can’t fly in closed boxes, wings are atrophied and consequently missing.
b) In the laboratory there aren’t any predators so both flies with and without wings survive and leave descendants.
d) None of the previous answers is correct.

Explicação

Questão 36 de 59

1

This image shows how snakes developed from reptiles with legs. What interpretation is neo-darwinist?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Firstly, there were reptiles with longer or shorter legs. Some reptiles without any of those were better adapted which lead us to the snakes we actually know.
b) Through mutation, a few reptiles without legs appeared. Some of them, adapted better and left more descendants, leading us the snakes we actually know.
c) Lizards are reptiles that drag along the ground. So, as time passed, their legs disappeared as they used it each time less. This character was passed to its descendants.
d) None of the previous answers is based on Neo-darwinism.

Explicação

Questão 37 de 59

1

This image shows how snakes developed from reptiles with legs. What interpretation is darwinist?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Firstly, there were reptiles with longer or shorter legs. Some reptiles without any of those were better adapted which lead us to the snakes we actually know.
b) Through mutation, a few reptiles without legs appeared. Some of them, adapted better and left more descendants, leading us the snakes we actually know.
c) Lizards are reptiles that drag along the ground. So, as time passed, their legs disappeared as they used it each time less. This character was passed to its descendants.
d) None of the previous answers is based on darwinism

Explicação

Questão 38 de 59

1

This image shows how snakes developed from reptiles with legs. What interpretation is based on Lamarckism?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Firstly, there were reptiles with longer or shorter legs. Some reptiles without any of those were better adapted which lead us to the snakes we actually know.
b) Through mutation, a few reptiles without legs appeared. Some of them, adapted better and left more descendants, leading us the snakes we actually know.
d) None of the previous answers is based on Lamarckism.
c) Lizards are reptiles that drag along the ground. So, as time passed, their legs disappeared as they used it each time less. This character was passed to its descendants.

Explicação

Questão 39 de 59

1

Here we can see a Drosophila with vestigial, short wings. This variety can’t fly and doesn’t exist in nature. What’s the reason why we can’t find it in nature?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

c) Natural selection.
b) Because it only appears in weird conditions while experimenting.
d) Because as flies use wings in nature, this character doesn’t disappear.
a) In nature mutations make that all flies have wings.

Explicação

Questão 40 de 59

1

Why on those small islands exposed to wind insects tend to don’t have wings? Choose the neo-darwinist interpretation.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Firstly some insects with wings arrived to those small islands. It is possible that due to mutations some none-winged insects appeared. Winged insects can’t adapt as good as none-winged insects on this kind of places, so those insects without wings will leave more descendants. The number of none-winged insects will increase.
b) Insects from small island stop flying to resist the strong winds, so wings are finally atrophied.
c) Firstly, insects with and without wings arrived to small island. However, those winged were dragged by the wind, and those none-winged weren’t. Consequently, the number of none-winged insects will increase.
d) None of the previous answers is based on neo-darwinism.

Explicação

Questão 41 de 59

1

Charles Darwin left some studies when he decided he would be naturalist. Choose the correct answer:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Medicine
b) Rights
c) Political science
d) Biology

Explicação

Questão 42 de 59

1

What’s studied on paleontological evidences?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

c) Fossils
a) Shape and anatomy of living things
d) Mechanism identities and molecules in every cell.
b) Comparison between embryos from different vertebrates

Explicação

Questão 43 de 59

1

Which of the following doesn’t belong to those type of evidences that show the validity of the evolution theory?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

b) Carbon-14
d) Embryological evidences
c) Morphological evidences
a) Paleontological evidences

Explicação

Questão 44 de 59

1

The theory against evolutionism suggest considering that all the living things were directly created just as they actually are. This concept is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Darwinism
b) Creationism
c) Lamarckism
d) Natural selection

Explicação

Questão 45 de 59

1

What birds did Darwin study in the Galapagos Islands, that led him to consider that some species turn into others?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Sparrow
b) Tit
c) Finch
d) Goldfinch

Explicação

Questão 46 de 59

1

Those organs that aren’t useful any longer are good evolution evidences. These organs are:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Homólogos
b) Rudimentary
c) Analogous
d) Repressed

Explicação

Questão 47 de 59

1

Ontogeny is a reflect of phylogeny. It is a summary of:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

a) Haeckel’ law
b) Cuvier’ law
d) Wallace’ law
c) Darwin’ law

Explicação

Questão 48 de 59

1

If we claim the neck and legs of giraffes have extended over time as an adaptation to the changes that have occurred in the environment, what evolutionary theory will we be referring to?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The fixed-species concept.
Lamarck’s theory.
Darwinsm.
Neo-Darwinism.

Explicação

Questão 49 de 59

1

Choose which theory corresponds to the following statement: "In the struggle for survival, some individuals will be more successful than others. Those who survive and reproduce because they have some favourable variations will leave more descendants than those with less favourable variations. Thus, in a continuous and gradual way, the species will change. “

Selecione uma das seguintes:

None of the above theories.
The theory of evolution by natural selection.
The theory of acquired traits.
The theory of neutralism.

Explicação

Questão 50 de 59

1

Order the assumptions of Lamarck’s theory, the predominant way of thinking until the 19th century.
A) New habits arise, which cause atrophy or the development of some organs.
B) Modifications will be transmitted to the offspring.
C) The conditions of the environment vary over time.
D) Environmental changes create new needs that modify habits and behaviours.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

BCAD
CDAB
DCBA
ABCD

Explicação

Questão 51 de 59

1

Indicate which of the following ideas or principles was rejected by the synthetic theory of evolution or Neo-Darwinism.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The principle that the evolutionary unit is not the individual, but the population.
None of the above answers.
The principle that certain phenotypes are more likely to leave offspring and will be more frequent in later generations.
The principle of inheritance of acquired traits.

Explicação

Questão 52 de 59

1

What theory establishes a struggle for the survival of members of a species competing with each other for limited resources and considers that some variations are more successful than others?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Darwinism.
Gradualism.
Fixe-species concept
Transformism.

Explicação

Questão 53 de 59

1

What do gradualism and saltationism have in common?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Both refer to the evolution of species over time.
They have nothing in common because one refers to the environmental degrees centigrade and the other to the generational leaps in the species of a certain zone.
Both are based on the influence of the slope of the land and the movement of the species in their natural habitat.
Both are theories that defend the evolutionary immobility of species.

Explicação

Questão 54 de 59

1

Which of the following statements best reflects the theory of neutralism?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

The vast majority of molecular change is adaptively neutral; therefore, natural selection does not act on these variations and the increase in certain alleles is due to chance, a phenomenon known as genetic drift.
In the struggle for survival, some individuals will be more successful than others, and these will have more and better adapted descendants.
Changes induced by the environment will cause genetic variability and will be transmitted to offspring, which will improve their adaptation to the environment.
The evolutionary unit is not the individual but the population, which is what experiences adaptation through natural selection.

Explicação

Questão 55 de 59

1

“50 million years ago, horses lived in forests and were small. Due to climate change, the forests gave way to grasslands and the size of horses increased and their legs became stronger and more agile in order to defend against predators.” What concept is being discussed in this text?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Neutralism.
Saltationism.
Natural selection.
Genetic drift.

Explicação

Questão 56 de 59

1

Indicate which of the following processes does not favour genetic variability.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Mutations.
Sexual reproduction.
Asexual reproduction.
Genetic drift.

Explicação

Questão 57 de 59

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

“The ( synthetic, Neo-darwinism ), theory of evolution, or Lamarckism , connected the theory of natural selection with new discoveries from genetics, palaeontology and ecology”.
“The ( synthetic, Fixed-species ), theory continues to maintain ( synthetic, natural ) selection as the main evolutionary mechanism and defines evolution as a ( sudden change, gradual change ) in genetic makeup of populations”.

Explicação

Questão 58 de 59

1

Preencha os espaços em branco para completar o texto.

Complete the following text:
The synthetic theory of evolution or can be summarised in these principles:
The evolutionary unit is not the individual, but the .
Individuals are carriers of different , which originated by .
Certain phenotypes will be more likely to leave , so that in later generations the alleles responsible for these will become more .

Explicação

Questão 59 de 59

1

As species adapt to the environment through natural selection, indicate a example of mutations that can facilitate adaptation to the following scenarios.
Polar zones. ❌.
Meadows. ❌.
Jungles. ❌.
Deserts. ❌

Arraste e solte para completar o texto.

White fur

Strong legs to run fast

Limbs adapted to trees

Absence of hair

	Criado por Fátima Isabel El Allouti Amini mais de 2 anos atrás

Quiz sobre TEST ISA, criado por Fátima Isabel El Allouti Amini em 18-02-2022.

Questão 1 de 59

Taxonomy is the science responsible for:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 2 de 59

The timeline of the evolutionary history of a specie is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 3 de 59

The theory based on the idea that all species are related and gradually change over time is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 4 de 59

Adaptive convergence is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 5 de 59

The theory which says that an organism can pass on to its offspring physical characteristics that the parent organism acquired through use or disuse during its lifetime is called:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 6 de 59

The best way to summarize Darwinism is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 7 de 59

A specie is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 8 de 59

Parapatric speciation happens when:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 9 de 59

Neo-darwinists say:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 10 de 59

Adaptive divergence is the process by which related species:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 11 de 59

Fixism theory says that:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 12 de 59

Evolutionism says that:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 13 de 59

Evolutionist theories are:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 14 de 59

On this list we can find a famous fixism scientist:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 15 de 59

In this list we can find two scientists who are evolutionists:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 16 de 59

Darwin lived:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 17 de 59

In this list we can find two famous scientists who are fixism:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 18 de 59

Cuvier, a paleontologist scientist, believed that species were unchangeable. Perhaps, he realized while he was studying some fossils that older living things were different than the actual ones. How did he try to solve this controversy?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 19 de 59

Lamarck lived during:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

Explicação

Questão 20 de 59

Bat or insect wings are an example of: