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19. School desegregation: To abolish or eliminate segregation in school.
20. Multicultural education: Multicultural education is a field of study based on the idea that students from diverse backgrounds should have equal opportunities to education. It draws on insights from a number of different fields, including ethnic studies and women studies, but also reinterprets content from related academic disciplines
21. Compensatory education: Compensatory education offers supplementary programs or services designed to help children at risk of cognitive impairment and low educational achievement succeed.
22.Self-fulfilling prophecy: Is a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true, by the very terms of the prophecy itself, due to positive feedback between belief and behavior
23.Religion: A set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of theuniverse, especially when considered as the creation of a superhumanagency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritualobservances, and often containing a moral code governing theconduct of human affairs.
24.Sacred: Devoted or dedicated to a deity or to some religious purpose;consecrated
25. Profane: Characterized by irreverence or contempt for God or sacred principlesor things; irreligious.
26.Monotheism: The doctrine or belief that there is only one God.
27.Polytheism: The doctrine of or belief in more than one god or in many gods.
28.Religiosity: The quality of being religious; piety; devoutness.
29.Secularization: To make secular; separate from religious or spiritual connection orinfluences; make worldly or unspiritual; imbue with secularism.
30.Fundamentalism: A usually religious movement or point of view characterized by a return to fundamental principles, by rigid adherence tothose principles, and often by intolerance of other views and opposition to secularism.
31.Protestant ethic: In sociological theory, the value attached to hard work, thrift, and efficiency in one’s worldly calling, which, especially in the Calvinist view, were deemed signs of an individual’s election, or eternal salvation.
32.Church: A building for public Christian worship.public worship of God or a religious service in such a building.
33.Denomination. A religious group, usually including many local churches, often largerthan a sect.
34.Sect: A body of persons adhering to a particular religious faith; a religiousdenomination,a group regarded as heretical or as deviating from a generallyaccepted religious tradition.
35.Cult: a particular system of religious worship, especially with reference toits rites and ceremonies.
an instance of great veneration of a person, ideal, or thing, especiallyas manifested by a body of admirers.
Education: the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature
Schooling: the process of being taught in a school.
3. Hidden curriculum: refers to the unwritten, unofficial, and often unintended lessons, values, and perspectives that students learn in school.
4. Tracking: a structure consisting of a par of parallel lines or riles with their crossties.
5. Bilingual education: education in an English-language school system in which students with little fluency in English are taught in both their native language and English
6. Open classroom: a spacious instructional area shared by several groups or classes in elementary school, permitting more individualized, less supervised project learning and movement of pupils from one activity to another.
7. Cooperative learning: is a teaching method where students of mixed levels of ability are arranged into groups and rewarded according to the group's success, rather than the success of an individual member.
8. Integrative curriculum: Innovative educators concerned with improving student achievement are seeking ways to create rigorous, relevant, and engaging curriculum.
9. Voucher system: is a certificate of funding issued by the government, which the parents of a schoolchild have control of and are able to direct towards the public or private school of their own choosing to fully or partially pay for the tuition of their child at that school for that year, term or semester.
10. Charter schools: A charter school is an independently run public school granted greater flexibility in its operations, in return for greater accountability for performance.
11. Magnet schools: Magnet schools are built on the foundation of five pillars and are free public elementary and secondary schools of choice that are operated by school districts or a consortium of districts.
12. For-profit schools: refers to educational institutions operated by private, profit-seeking businesses.
13. Manifest function: any function of an institution or another social phenomenon that is planned and intentional.
14. Latent function: any function of an institution or another social phenomenon that is unintentional and often unrecognized.
15. Meritocracy: a system in which the talented are chosen and moved ahead on the basis of their achievement
16. Educational equality: is a measure of achievement, fairness, and opportunity in education
17. Cognitive ability: The mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgment.
18. Cultural bias: is the phenomenon of interpreting and judging phenomena by standards inherent to one's own culture.
