Antibiotic Resistance

How do Bacteria become Resistant?

Selective Pressure

Genetic Mutation

Gene Transfer

Health concerns regarding antibiotic resistance

How does antibacterial resistance spread

Antibacterial Resistance in Tuberculosis

MRSA

Why aren't antibiotics being made?

4 Core Actions to Prevent Antibiotic Resistance

Animals contribution to Antibacterial Resitance

Essential Oils and Antibiotic Resitance

Advice for Farmers

Vinegar Disinfectant

Gram-Negative

Bactericidal

Bacterial Growth Formula

t/t

Qo

Q

LOG

Minimal Compliance Rate

Herd Immunity

What is HIV/AIDS

Vaccine for HIV

HIV Mutation

HIV targets

Epidemic

Pandemic

Microbial Adaptation and Change

Influenza

Type A & B flu virus

Type C flu virus

H and N

H (Hemagglutinin)

N (Neuraminidase)

Seasonal Flu (Antigenic ?)

Pandemic Flu (Antigenic ?)

Antigenic Shift

Antigenic Drift vs Antigenic Shift

ANTIGENIC DRIFT DIAGRAM

Characteristics of a Pandemic Flu

Antigenic Shift Diagram

1918 Spanish Flu Pandemic

Eradicated

Smallpox

Vaccine Controversy