The nuclear force which holds electrons in “orbit” around an atom is called:

change from 2 mm Al filtration to 4 mm Al filtration

The curve shifts:

Scatter radiation is mostly a result of the Photoelectric interaction.

change from 2 mm Al filtration to 4 mm Al filtration

The discrete (characteristic) curve shifts:

change from high atomic number target material to low atomic number

The amplitude (height) of the emission spectrum curve would:

change from 82 kVp to 72 kVp

The amplitude (height) of the emission spectrum curve would:

As the atomic number of an element increases, the energy required to remove an inner shell electron _____________________.

change from high atomic number target material to low atomic number

Which of the following best demonstrates the emission spectrum graph shift?

Red curve = new curve

Black curve = original curve

The end product(s) of the photoelectric effect is/are:

Which of the following is NOT an interaction between x-ray photons and matter?

The greatest amount of scatter is produced from the _____________________ interaction.

An 80-kV photon undergoes a coherent scattering interaction with an orbital electron having a binding energy of 8 kV. What is the energy of the resulting scattered photon?

Filtration is the process of eliminating undesirable ____ by the insertion of absorbing materials into the primary beam.

change from high atomic number target material to low atomic number

The curve shifts:

If the number of protons within an atom’s nucleus is changed, which of the following must absolutely change:

change from 82 kVp to 72 kVp

The curve shifts:

The partial absorption of the x-ray beam as it passes through the body is best referred as:

change from 82 kVp to 72 kVp

Which of the following best demonstrates the emission spectrum graph shift?

Red curve = new curve

Black curve = original curve

change from high atomic number target material to low atomic number

The discrete (characteristic) curve shifts:

change from 2 mm Al filtration to 4 mm Al filtration.

Which of the following best demonstrates the emission spectrum graph shift?

Red curve = new curve

Black curve = original curve

If an incident x-ray photon ejects a k-shell electron with a binding energy of 37 keV, and the initial energy of the photon was 40 keV, the ejected electron leaves the atom with _____ keV of kinetic energy.

Brems is produced by:

change from 82 kVp to 72 kVp

The discrete (characteristic) curve shifts:

In the diagnostic range, the majority of primary x-rays produced are:

Radiation that turns 180 degrees in direction after interacting with matter is called:

change from 2 mm Al filtration to 4 mm Al filtration

The amplitude (height) of the emission spectrum curve would:

Distortion can be a misrepresentation of

The difference between two adjacent shades of gray is:

Spatial resolution is improved when:

Foreshortening is present if:

change from 20 mAs to 40 mAs

Which of the following best demonstrates the emission spectrum graph shift?

Red curve = new curve

Black curve = original curve

As tube angle increases, shape distortion will _________________.

What can negatively impact spatial resolution?

change from 3 mm Al filtration to 5 mm Al filtration

Which of the following best demonstrates the emission spectrum graph shift?

Red curve = new curve

Black curve = original curve

Factors affecting spatial resolution include:

A good method for controlling motion when the patient is unable to cooperate is to:

The effect of mAs upon IR exposure is:

Poor spatial resolution is caused by an unacceptable amount of

the unsharpness in an image is affected by all of the following except:

The principal controlling technical factor of remnant beam contrast is

As kVp increases, remnant beam contrast scale will _________________.

An increase in x-ray beam filtration

A radiograph with few shades of gray exhibits

As kVp decreases, spatial resolution will _________________.

As filtration increases, IR exposure will _________________.

The principal controlling factor of radiographic image receptor exposure is:

With an SID of 40 inches, and an OID of 10 inches, what is the factor of magnification?

Electronic "snow" on a display monitor or TV monitor image is a form of:

As mAs increases, remnant beam contrast scale will _________________.

A change in kVp, as an exposure factor, affects

As mAs increases, IR exposure will _________________.

As mAs increases, shape distortion will _________________.

As SID increases, spatial resolution will _________________.

As focal spot size increases, spatial resolution will _______________.

The brightness of the image on a viewing monitor is the result of

What should you expect to occur with a decrease in kVp?

Insufficient mAs is likely to contribute to ___ in the image.

As OID increases, size distortion will _________________.

If the signal is 16 and the noise is 4 on a hypothetical radiographic image, what is the Signal to Noise ratio?

Which of the following is equivalent to low penumbra?

Penumbra decreases as

If the mA is set at 300 and the total mAs produced is 15 mAs, the exposure time must be:

Size distortion in radiography can be ___ only.

What factor influences the average energy of photons reaching the IR?

what is the purpose of a grid

grid cut off is due to the absorption of

What is the grid radius based on?

What causes the moire effect?

What is the most critical factor in a grid's efficiency?

What is the purpose of a compensating filter?

The purpose of PBL is

For soft tissue techniques, kVp is

Volume of the irradiated tissue increases as

The half-value layer (HVL) is used to measure

Photon absorption within the body occurs as the result of

The computer distinguishes the anatomy of interest from background exposure outside collimated field during:

How dark or light a digital image appears on a display monitor is known as

In generic digital imaging terms, the average brightness level of the image is called the:

In a digital image histogram graph, the vertical height of any data point along the plotted curve (measured against the y axis of the graph), indicates the:

On an image histogram, an unusual spike to the left of the main bell-shaped lobe of the curve most likely represents:

The larger the number of pixels in an image matrix, the:

Which of the following is an example of a Field Uniformity Correction?

Many imaging systems present the histogram with an averaged gray scale curve overlying the histogram. The steeper the slope:

The development of which of the following enabled DR systems to use a flat-shaped receptor plate:

In digital imaging processing, what is segmentation?

Which of the following terms, all contractions, most accurately describes the individual hardware elements of a DR flat panel receptor that detect radiation in the remnant x-ray beam?

The selection of a narrow window width will:

Which of the following modalities create images with the highest spatial resolution?

Adjustment of the window width of the image will change

For digital imaging, each image displayed consists of a discrete number of rows and columns of picture elements called the:

The larger the number of pixels in an image matrix, the:

A system with a high S/N ratio displays:

Which factor influences the average energy of photons reaching the IR?

As kVp decreases, spatial resolution will _________________.

In the diagnostic range, the majority of primary x-rays produced are:

As kVp increases,

The amount of scatter reaching the image receptor is affected by all of the following EXCEPT:

The larger the number of pixels in an image matrix, the:

As the lead content of a grid increases,

In production of a radiograph, which of the following is considered the controlling factor of beam penetration and remnant beam scale of contrast?

The principal controlling factor of radiographic image receptor exposure is:

Image level parameters (window level) control image

All of the following are true of pixel pitch except:

Which of the following is NOT a component of a detector element?

A phosphor screen or scintillator

The percentage of the surface area of a flat panel detector element devoted to the semiconductor layer is:

The purpose of the ADC is to convert the _______ signal to a _________ signal.

In a DR flat panel image receptor, which electronic devices directly account for the plate’s ability to store a latent image until it is sent into the computer?

What is the size of each pixel for an image with a 1024x1024 matrix using a 30x30 cm field of view:

The ratio of SID to SOD is the primary control for: