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Simana Gurung
Mapa Mental por , criado more than 1 year ago

GCSE Physics (P3-MEDICAL APPLICATIONS IN PHYSICS) Mapa Mental sobre X-rays in Medicine, criado por Simana Gurung em 26-10-2015.

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Simana Gurung
Criado por Simana Gurung aproximadamente 9 anos atrás
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X-rays inMedicineHospitalsCT ScansTreat CancerRadiographersFeatures ofX-rayHigh FrequencyShort WavelengthelectromagneticwavesDiagnose medical conditions:Bone fracturesDental problemsX-rays cause ionisationHigh doses kill living cells so can be used totreat cancersX-rays have to be carefully focused at the right dosage to killcancer cells without damaging to many normal cells1) X-rays are focused on the tumour using a wide beam 2) Thisbeam is rotated round the patient with the tumour at the centre.3) This minimises the exposure of normal cells to radiation andso reduces the chances of damaging thhe rest of the bodyProlonged expore to ionising radiation can be verydangerous to your health so Radiographers workingwith X-ray machines or CT scanners need to takeprecautions to minimise their X-ray dosePrecautions takenWear lead apronsStand behind a leadscreen or leave theroomLead used to shield areas of the patient'sbody that aren't being scannedExposure time is kept to a minimumWear Badgess that record the amount of radiation theyare expose toMeans that their radiation dose can bemonitored and regulatedComputerised Axial TomographyProduces high resolution images of soft andhard tissue because Ct scans uses a lot ofx-rays to distinguishbetween the tiny variationsin tissue densityPatient is put insde the cylindrical scanner. Then an x-ray beam is fired through the bodyfrom an X-ray tube and picked up by detectors on the opposite side. The X-ray tube anddeetectors are rotated during the scan. A computer interprets the signals from the detectorsto form an images of a two-dimensional slice through the body.Multiple two-dimensional CT scans can be put together tomake a three-dimensional image of the inside of the body.Theire wavelength is the similar size asthe diameter of an atomTransmitted ny healthy tissue but absorbed bydenser materials like bones and metal.Affect photographic film in the same way aslight so they can be used tot ake photographsCCDs (Charge-coupled devices)X-rays can be formed electronically using CCDs.CCDs are silicon chips (size of a post stamp),divided into a grid of millions of identical pixels.Detect X-rays and produce electronic signals used to dorm high resolutionimages. Same technology is used to take photos in digital cameras.Clique duas vezes aqui para editar o textoClique e arraste este botão para criar um novo tópico