What is a conceptual definition?
A way to define a construct so that it can eventually be tested
A way to measure a construct
A way to explain something
What is an operational definition?
A way to define a psychological construct so that it can eventually be measured
A way to define a psychological construct
A way to define the actual method, tool, or technique which indicates how the concept will be measured
What is a metric?
Which of the following is an example of a nominal scale?
What is your gender?
How are you feeling today?
What is your hair color?
On a scale of 1-10, what is your satisfaction with your job?
Which of the following is an example of an ordinal scale?
Who did better on a test (rank order)?
How are you feeling today on a scale of 1-10?
What is the temperature?
Which of the following is an example of interval scale?
How likely are you to buy a new car from 1-10?
How likely are you to buy a new car (Most likely, likely, not likely, etc)?
Which of the following is an example of a ratio scale?
How likely are you to buy a new car on a scale from 1-10?
What is your weight?
What is your height?
Validity is the degree of consistency across time and measures
What is reliability?
The degree to which responses are consistent over time
The degree to which we accurately measure the construct of interest
The degree to which we can measure the construct
What is a population?
A complete set of individuals that we can generalize back to
A set of individuals we use to estimate characteristics
A set of characteristics we want to test
Which of the following examples is a sample if we wish to study the underlying factors that cause patients to be admitted into hospital following an acute asthmatic attack in a given area
All patients in given area who were admitted into the hospital
All patients in given area who were admitted into the hospital for an acute asthmatic attack
100 patients in given area who were admitted into the hospital for an acute asthmatic attack
A sampling frame is a subset of the population and is a list of characteristics of people in a population from which a sample is taken
What is non-probability sampling?
A form of sampling that does not use random selection
A form of sampling that does use random selection
A form of sampling that is based on nothing
You should use non-probability sampling when...
When the variability for a relationship is so small such that valid conclusions about a large group of people can be drawn
When you want to generalize back to a large population
When you have limitless resources
Which of the following is an example of convenience sampling?
When you randomly pick a group of participants
When you take whomever is most available for research
When you ask a group of participants to recruit more participants
When you select a group of participants based on percentages of subgroups in the population
Which of the following is an example of quota sampling?
There are 66% female and 34% male in a graduate psychology program. I want to study the effects of stress and gender in graduate school, so I select a sample that has 66% female and 34% male.
I pick everyone who walks through the door
I select a group of participants and ask them to recruit their other graduate friends
I randomly divide everyone in the sampling frame and assign them a number and randomly pick numbers
Probability sampling is a form of sampling that utilizes random selection and where everyone in the sampling frame has an equal chance of being in the sample
Simple random sampling is when everyone in the sampling frame is assigned a number and numbers are randomly chosen until the desired or required sample size is reached.
Which of the following is an example of systematic random sampling?
A researcher has a population of 100 individuals and needs 10 subjects. He randomly divides the sampling frame (100) by the required sample size (10) and uses that number (10) to pick people in the sampling frame. So, he picks every 10th individual
A researcher has a population of 100 individuals and needs 10 subjects. He assigns all individuals a number and randomly selects the numbers.
A researcher has a population of 100 individuals and needs 10 subjects. The researcher knows that everyone in the sampling frame has a different probability of being selected but still picks them.
Non-equivalent random sampling is when everyone in the sampling frame has an equal possibility of being selected.
What is clustering?
A form of probability sampling where you select the sample in stages so that each unit of sampling shares a characteristic
A form of probability sampling where you randomly select clusters of participants
A form of probability sampling where you divide groups of participants and randomly select
