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Valve pathology

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Valve Pathology

Valve Pathology

Questão 1 de 14

1

Which factors predispose valves to pathology?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • contain lymphoid tissue

  • highly avascular

  • highly vascular

Explicação

Questão 2 de 14

1

Preencha os espaços em branco para completar o texto.

The aortic valve has 3 cusps, right, left and . Each cusp has which is important for flow. Common pathology includes aortic and aortic .

Explicação

Questão 3 de 14

1

Aortic stenosis can be , rheumatic valve disease, , calcification of trileaflet >

Arraste e solte para completar o texto.

    congenital
    acquired
    bicuspid valve
    mono-cuspid valve
    70 years.
    30 years

Explicação

Questão 4 de 14

1

In bicuspid aortic valves- the primary issue is?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • disruption to annulus

  • fused commissure

Explicação

Questão 5 de 14

1

Preencha os espaços em branco para completar o texto.

With calcific aortic "wear and tear", leads to lipids, inflammation, calcification. This the cusps. You can have loss of % with no symptoms. The sequelae is obstruction to flow which increases the load of the . The LV adapts by . Once symptoms occur average survival is years. The only effective treatment is .

Explicação

Questão 6 de 14

1

In aortic regurgitation blood leaks back from the aortic root into the left ventricle. Abnormalities include congenital disease, rhematic heart disease, endocarditis and trauma. The primary pathology occurs during diastole. Distortions to the aortic root occur with HTN, Marfans, ankylosing spondylitis, syphilis, and aortic dissection. What is the compensation of the heart?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Increased LV end-diastolic pressure

  • Eccentric LV hypertrophy

  • Concentric LV hypertrophy

  • Decreased Stroke volume

  • Widened pulse pressure

Explicação

Questão 7 de 14

1

The mitral valve has how many leaflets?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 1

  • 2

  • 3

  • 4

Explicação

Questão 8 de 14

1

Mitral regurgitation can occur due to?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • leaflet abnormalities

  • chordae

  • papillary muscle

  • LV muscle /wall

  • Annulus

Explicação

Questão 9 de 14

1

Selecione das listas do Menu para completar o texto.

During mitral regurgitation endocarditis destroys ( cusps, myocardium, blood vessels ) and ruptures chordae. Rheumatic valve disease leads to scarring and retraction. Mitral valve ( prolapse, stenosis, hypertrophy ) occurs by expansion and elongation. Papillary muscle are affected during ( infarction, ischaemia, birth ).

Explicação

Questão 10 de 14

1

Which of these are common symptoms of acute mitral regurgitation?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Increased L ventricle pressure

  • Increased L atrial pressure

  • Decreased Cardiac Output

  • Pulmonary oedema

  • Pitting oedema

Explicação

Questão 11 de 14

1

In chronic mitral regurgitation there is left ventricle concentric hypertrophy?

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 12 de 14

1

Preencha os espaços em branco para completar o texto.

Rheumatic stenosis takes to develop. It leads to valves, of commissures, and thickened . Left pressure rises, and pulmonary is common. Mitral stenosis can be treated by surgery involving valve replacement and .

Explicação

Questão 13 de 14

1

Susceptibility to infective endocarditis involves?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Valve abnormalities

  • Prosthetic valves

  • IV drug users

  • Nosocomial infections

  • Young patients

  • HIV

Explicação

Questão 14 de 14

1

Endocarditis complications include?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • embolisms

  • glomerulonephritis

  • pulmonary fibrosis

  • systemic hypotension

Explicação

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