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Quiz por , criado more than 1 year ago

Closely examine the principles of genetic inheritance and the theory of evolution Use theoretical models to explain behaviour

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Evolution, genetics and behaviour

Evolution, genetics and behaviour

Questão 1 de 43

1

Who is the father of principles of genetic inheritance in 19th century

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Gregor Modana

  • George Mandel

  • Gregor Mendel

  • Georger Mandal

Explicação

Questão 2 de 43

1

How does the genetic inheritance process works in terms of Genes?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Genes is made of RNA> DNA> Protein> influences genotype

  • Genes is made of DNA> Protein > influences phenotype

  • Genes is made of DNA> Protein> RNA> influences phenotype

  • Genes is made of DNA> RNA> Protein> influences genotype

Explicação

Questão 3 de 43

1

Genotype influences outward manifestation (physical appearances, behaviour)

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 4 de 43

1

Phenotype is responsible for outward manifestation such as genetic blueprint

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 5 de 43

1

Can same genes have different types of alleles?

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 6 de 43

1

Genes come in pairs. When pairs are different (different alleles), what are they called?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Heterozygous

  • Monozygous

  • Homozygous

  • Diffzygous

Explicação

Questão 7 de 43

1

Genes comes in pairs. What are same pairs (same alleles) called?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Heterozygous

  • Monozygous

  • Homozygous

  • Similarzygous

Explicação

Questão 8 de 43

1

Genes can be either dominant or recessive. What does dominant genes show?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Dominant genes show its effect on phenotype only in the monozygyous conditions

  • Dominant genes show its strong effect on phenotype only in homozygous conditions

  • Dominant condition shows its strong effect on phenotype in either homozygous or monozygous conditions.

  • Dominant condition shows its strong effect on phenotype in either homozygous or heterozygous conditions.

Explicação

Questão 9 de 43

1

Genes can be dominant or recessive. What does Recessive gene effect?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Recessive gene shows its effects only in heterozygous conditions

  • Recessive gene shows its effect only in homozygous conditions

  • Recessive genes only shows its effect in monozygous conditoions

  • Recessive gene shows its effect regardless of its alleles condition

Explicação

Questão 10 de 43

1

For example: Food aversion= genes ability to taste PTC (phenylthiocarbamide). Which two of the following statement is true for ability to taste PTC.

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Medium sensitivity of tasting PTC requires mixture of genes.

  • Low sensitivity of tasting PTC requires dominant genes.

  • High sensitivity of tasting PTC requires dominant genes.

  • High sensitivity of tasting PTC requires recessive genes.

  • Medium sensitivity of tasting PTC requires dominant and recessive genes.

  • Low sensitivity of tasting PTC requires recessive genes.

Explicação

Questão 11 de 43

1

Parents with Tt and Tt allele leads to :
- 25% chances of Homozygous TT
-50% chances of recessive genes-tt
- 25% chances of heterozygous - Tt

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 12 de 43

1

Suppose a boy and his father have a high sensibility to taste PTC. What can we predict about the boy's mother?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • She has a higher sensitivity to taste PTC

  • She must be a heterozygous taster

  • It is not possible to predict any of the above

Explicação

Questão 13 de 43

1

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, including 2 pairs of sex chromosomes. There are 2 types of sex chromosomes: X & Y.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 14 de 43

1

Sex-limited gene is present in both sexes. But in what chromosome is it generally active in one sex.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Sex-linked

  • Autosomal

Explicação

Questão 15 de 43

1

What does strong resemblance between monozygotic (identical) than dizygotic (non identical) twins suggest:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • genetics contribution

  • environmental contribution

  • They are better than non-identical twins

  • combination of heredity and environmental

Explicação

Questão 16 de 43

1

What kind of evidence do researchers rely on to determine the contribution of heredity and environment.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Comparing monozygotic and dizygotic twins

  • Comparing children with parents

  • Comparing siblings

  • Comparing distant cousins with subject

Explicação

Questão 17 de 43

1

When assessing studies on adopted children, what does any tendency for adopted children to resemble their biological parents suggest:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Heredity influence

  • Environmental influence

  • Parental influence

  • Pre-natal influence

Explicação

Questão 18 de 43

1

Suppose a boy and his father cannot taste PTC. What can we predict about the boy's mother?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • No prediction possible

  • She has high sensitivity to taste PTC

  • She is either a heterozygous PTC taster or a Nontaster

  • She has low sensitivity to taste PTC

Explicação

Questão 19 de 43

1

What is false?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Sex-linked genes are X-linked

  • Genes come in pairs

  • There are 23 genes

  • None of the above

Explicação

Questão 20 de 43

1

What is true?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Humans evolved from monkeys

  • Humans are the end product of primate evolution

  • Analogy refers to common ancestry

  • None of the above

Explicação

Questão 21 de 43

1

What is analogy?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Similarities in function that evolved independently

  • Difference in function that evolved independently

  • Similarities that evolved over time.

  • Species descendent from the same origin

Explicação

Questão 22 de 43

1

Pre-natal influences may seem to show________ effects

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • genetic

  • environmental

  • parental

  • condtional

  • Combination of genetic and environment

Explicação

Questão 23 de 43

1

What type of methods now make it possible for psychologist to identify specific genes linked to a disorder. For example certain genes tend to be more than averagely found in people with depression.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Biochemical methods

  • Pre-genetical methods

  • Genetical methods

  • Heredity scanning methods

Explicação

Questão 24 de 43

1

It is a trait that confers higher fitness to individuals than other existing alternatives within the population. It has (or will) spread through the population as a result of natural selection. Which term is here referred to?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Adaptation

  • Evolution

  • Phylogeny

  • None of the above

Explicação

Questão 25 de 43

1

Natural selection is the process that occurs when individuals differ in their traits and the differences are correlated with differences in reproductive success.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • True

  • False

Explicação

Questão 26 de 43

1

Why is it difficult to control people's heredity or environment or even estimate heredity influence causing an error when assessing adopted studies?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Difficult to distinguish between heredity and prenatal influences

  • Individuals may hide their true intentions when being examined

  • You cannot control peoples life experiences such as the friends they choose to associate with

  • Parents may have different style of parenting, compared to their biological parents.

Explicação

Questão 27 de 43

1

If identical twins are raised in different families and behave the same must this indicate a genetic influence?

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 28 de 43

1

Evolution is a change over generations in the frequencies of various genes in a population.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 29 de 43

1

According to Charles Darwin (1859) natural selection occurs when certain traits are more successful than other traits. Because of that particular trait, causes higher fitness in individuals making them more adaptable. Correctly identify 4 of these traits that contributes to higher fitness

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Finding food

  • Being attractive

  • Escaping enemies

  • Strong

  • Protecting offspring

  • Producing many offsprings

  • Having financial resources

  • Adapted to environment

Explicação

Questão 30 de 43

1

Mutations of genes occasionally introduce new heritable variations that can harm an individuals chances of:

Select two answers

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Survival

  • Reproduction

  • Attractiveness

  • Financial resources

  • Health

Explicação

Questão 31 de 43

1

Select four answers that show evidence of existence of evolution.

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Fossil record

  • Similarities of related life forms

  • Documented evidence from ancestors

  • Rapid population changes in organisms

  • Geographic distribution

  • Language and communication has evolved e.g. cave drawings

  • Anatomy has evolved with skull size increasing

  • Changes in climate reflect the evolution

  • Philosophical leaders have often described this in their work

Explicação

Questão 32 de 43

1

Where is sex-linked genes located?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Sex chromosomes

  • autosomal chromosomes

  • Chromosomes

  • in every gene

Explicação

Questão 33 de 43

1

What are autosomal chromosomes?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • All other gene except sex-linked genes are found there

  • Every gene is found in autosomal chromosome

  • Automatically renewal genes are found there

  • None of the above

Explicação

Questão 34 de 43

1

We know that the size Y-chromosome is small. With only limited genes to produce ___ proteins of fewer. Whats the magic number?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 21

  • 32

  • 27

  • 26

Explicação

Questão 35 de 43

1

According to Arnold (2004), X-chromosome has genes that can produce ____ approximately proteins. Whats the magic number?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 1,000

  • 1,350

  • 1,500

  • 1,750

Explicação

Questão 36 de 43

1

Why are Sex-linked chromosomes located on the X chromosomes?

Because...

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • X Chromosomes consists of special genetical make-up

  • Y chromosome is considered weak therefore biologically X chromosome appears to be more compatible

  • X Chromosome has the capacity to make more protein than Y.

  • Y chromosomes very small therefore less likely to carry genetic information

Explicação

Questão 37 de 43

1

Real-application: X-linked gene is recessive for _______ colour vision deficiency.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • blue-green

  • red-green

  • red-yellow

  • yellow-green

Explicação

Questão 38 de 43

1

Issue with X-linked gene producing red-green colour vision deficiency affects more men than women. Why?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Because women's genes are able to compensate for the deficiency

  • Because men are not able to compensate for the deficiency, due to a lack of X chromosome

  • Because men are highly affected by it due to their increased chances of inheriting recessive genes

  • Women do experience this too, although are too scared to report it

Explicação

Questão 39 de 43

1

Functional explanation for the behaviour of language and laughter is simply that it strengthens bond among the society, thus improving their fitness.

Selecione uma das opções:

  • VERDADEIRO
  • FALSO

Explicação

Questão 40 de 43

1

What functions does the phylogenetic continuity serve? (Select two)

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Testing for the evolutionary roots of human behaviours

  • Testing for the evolutionary roots of organism behaviours

  • Examining gradual changes within traits

  • Examining the similarities and differences among common ancestors

Explicação

Questão 41 de 43

1

Why are animals used in research?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Learn about human evolution

  • Learn about mechanism of behaviour in animals and humans

  • improve animal welfare and conservation management

  • Learn more about our common ancestors

  • Learn more about similarities and differences between organism

  • Animals can help us understand how to function efficiently in habitat

Explicação

Questão 42 de 43

1

Why do primates play a special role in psychology?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Phylogenetic closeness

  • Functional closeness

  • Ontogenetic closeness

  • Primates are our ancestors

Explicação

Questão 43 de 43

1

What three social behaviours of primates are psychologist interested in?

Selecione uma ou mais das seguintes:

  • Social groups

  • Benefits and costs of group living

  • Communication

  • Survival

  • Food hunting

  • Gender roles

Explicação

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