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Criado por littlebluechair
mais de 10 anos atrás
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From which embryonic layer are angioblasts derived?
Name the site of red blood cell production during each of the following developmental phases.
What is the most common inherited hypercoagulable state?
The factor V leiden mutation inhibits factor V cleavage by which protein?
What is the effect of estrogen, endogenous or exogenous, on thrombosis?
What clotting factors require vitamin K for their synthesis?
What common laboratory test is used to access the intrinsic coagulation system?
What common laboratory test is used to assess the extrinsic coagulation pathway?
What commonly used anticoagulant interferes with the extrinsic pathway?
The use of the chelator, ethylene diamine tetra acetate (EDTA), as an anticoagulant, in tubes is designed to inactivate what factor in the blood?
What inhibitor of the coagulation cascade inactivates factor Va and VIIIa?
What are the two major functions of von Willebrand factor?
Dysfunction of what clotting component results in mucous membrane hemorrhage, petechiae, purpura, and prolonged bleeding time?
Dysfunction of what clotting component results in hemarthroses, purpura, and prolonged PT and/or PTT?
Name the coagulopathy associated with the following clinical and pathologic features:
Most common hereditary bleeding disorder
Most common type of hemophilia
Most common cause of acquired platelet dysfunction
Autosomal dominant (AD) disorder causing increased bleeding time
Autosomal recessive defect in platelet adhesion caused by GpIIb/IX
AR defect in platelet aggregation caused by deficiency of GpIIb/GpIIIa, a membrane receptor responsible for binding fibrinogen.
Common presentation includes hemarthroses and easy bruising, increased PTT, normal PT
Prolonged bleeding time with normal platelet count, normal PT and increased PTT
Prolonged PT, PTT, increased bleeding time, thrombocytopenia, presence of fibrin split products
Normal PT, PTT, normal platelet count, increased bleeding time
Syndrome characterized by antiplatelet antibodies (commonly anti-Ib-IX or IIb-IIIa), often post-viral infections
Syndrome characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, fever and neurologic symptoms
Widespread hyaline microthrombi in arterioles and capillaries causing schistocytes and helmet cells.
Splenomegaly, epistaxis, petechiae, generalized tender lymphadenopathy, serum antibodies (+)
List five of the most common causes of microcytic anemia
List four of the most common causes of normocytic anemia
List five of the most common causes of macrocytic anemia
What is the primary site of iron absorption? Vitamin B12? Folate?
What is the major cause of iron deficiency anemia in adults?
What are two common clinical complaints in an anemic patient?
Which amino acid substitution in the B globin gene is most commonly seen in sickle cell anemia?
What is the major type of hemoglobin in homozygous sickle cell anemia?
In sickle cell disease, what is the mechanism of ischemic necrosis of the bones, lungs, liver, brain, spleen or penis?
What is the major regulatory enzyme in heme biosynthesis?
What two common enzyme deficiencies can cause hemolytic anemia?
What hemolytic anemia is associated with exposure to oxidant stress?
What two common RBC membrane defects can cause hemolytic anemia?
What common cause of atypical pneumonia is associated with cold immune hemolytic anemia?
What type of anemia is caused by lack of intrinsic factor (IF) secretion by gastric parietal cells?
What two autoimmune diseases of the GI tract can cause megaloblastic anemia?
What parasites are capable of causing megaloblastic anemia?
How does gastric resection cause megaloblastic anemia?
What type of malignancy is associated with pernicious anemia?
Name three medications capable of causing autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
What types of malignancies are associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia?
What laboratory tests are seen in hemolytic anemia?
Name two commonly used medications that can cause aplastic anemia
What test is used to monitor anticoagulation in a patient treated with heparin?
What test is sued to monitor anticoagulation in a patient treated with warfarin?
What happens to the total iron binding capacity, serum iron concentration and percent saturation of transferrin in each of the following diseases?
Name the types of anemia associated with the following clinical and pathologic features:
ABO incompatility, lymphoid neoplasm, Raynaud phenomena, anti-i antibodies
Atrophic glossitis
Autosplenectomy
Basophillic stipling of erythrocytes, blue/gray discoloration at gumline, wrist/foot drop
Celiac sprue
Chronic atopic gastritis
Colon cancer
Crescent-shaped erythrocytes and Howell-Jolly bodies
Deficiency of a or B globin gene synthesis
Deficiency of decay accelerating factor
Demyelination of the dorsal and lateral tracts of the spinal cord
End stage liver disease
Helmet cells, burr cells, triangular cells
Hypersegmented polymorphonuclears (PMNs)
Increased serum lactate dehydrogenase
Microcytosis, atopic glossitis, esophageal webs (Plummer-Vinson syndrome)
Pancytopenia and fatty infiltration of bone marrow
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), lymphomas, drugs +direct Coombs test (due to IgG autoantibodies)
AD deficiency of spectrin, positive osmotic fragility test
What are the two major categories of lymphoma?
Interleukin (IL-5) secreting Reed Sternberg cells
Commonly arises from B cells
Constitutional symptoms including both fever, night sweats weight loss
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy, contiguous spread
Many cases associated with Epstein Barr virus
Peripheral lymphadenopathy, noncontiguous spread
Bimodal age distribution, but most common in young men
Peak incidence from 20 to 40 years of age
Associated with immunosuppression including AIDS
Painful lymphadenopathy with alcohol consumption
Most common hodgkin disease
Abundance of RS cells
Lacunar cells and collagen binding
Commonly seen in older patients with Hodgkin disease
Widely disseminated disease with poor prognosis
Most common in females
Abundance of lymphocytes
Commonly seen in men 35 years presenting with cervical or axillary lymphadenopathy
Higher proportion of RS cells relative to lymphocytes
Overexpression of cyclin D1
Starry-sky appearance on histopathology
Clinically similar to CLL: characterized by nodules of small lymphocytes
Older adults with BCL2 gene mutation
Often appear at extranodal sites and can cause small bowel obstruction
Child presenting with enlarging mandibular mass
Common in children who present with a mediastinal mass and a syndrome similar to that of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
TdT+ lymphocytes
Endemic in Africa and associated with Epstein Barr virus
0-14 years old
15-39 years old
40 to 59 years old
More than 60 years old
Very high white cell counts, often more than 200,000
Isolated lymphocytosis
TdT+ lymphoblasts
Name the four chronic myeloproliferative disorders