A waste product found in the blood. This is normally filtered from the blood by the kidneys and then excreted in the urine.

The process by which blood vessels relax and widen, increasing blood flow through them.

Chemicals produced by glands in the endocrine system and released directly into the bloodstream to perform specific functions elsewhere throughout the body.

A surgical instrument with a flat, blunt, spoonlike end:

A foreign substance that is capable of causing an immune response.

In an ICU unit of an American hospital, CCU stands for:

An abnormal or surgically created passage between two usually unconnected body channels or cavities:

Pertaining to, relating to, or originating in the stomach:

Spasm of the chewing muscles in the jaw. Also called lockjaw. May be caused by a variety of abnormal conditions or diseases.

A procedure to remove a section, or flap, of the skull to expose and operate on the tissues underneath, usually the brain:

The capacity of a microorganism to overcome the body’s immune system and other defenses and cause disease:

Inflammation of the lining of the colon. May affect the entire colon or only parts of it

The entire genetic makeup of an individual is known as:

A surgical instrument used for cutting a circular hole:

All of these are systems of the body except:

A measurement of energy provided by food for the body is: