What does genetic mapping rely on?
Inheritence phenotypes
Polymorphic Markers
How is the tracing of inheritence phenotypes done?
Genetic markers i.e. SNP's
Allele complimentation
Meiotic Tests
1cM =
1% recombination
10% recombination
1kB
10kB
How are physical maps made?
Design markers that overlap along the genome
Orientation of homologous chromosomes
Allele studies
Physical maps must be made of physically isolated parts of the genome
A genetic marker acts as a reference point in a linkage study
Genes are usually used as markers in non-human studies. Why can they not be used in humans?
Human genes are more unstable
Human genes vary too much
Human genes are more highly conserved
What is the preferred form of marker in humans?
Polymorphic introns
Polymorphic Exons
SNP's
More polymorphic DNA= less useful
Homozygotes are more useful in genetic mapping than heterozygotes
How must markers be placed along the chromosome?
Evenly spaced
As lightly as possibly
As densely as possible
The aim it to combine genetic and physical maps
Once you have a marker with a high linkage to a disease/trait, how do you use the physical map?
Find the marker and look for genes very close to it
Find the suspect gene and look for markers very close to it
Find the marker and look for genes as far away as possible
Which of the following are evenly distributed?
Minisatellites
Microsatellites
RFLP's
Microsatellites are highly polymorphic
Which of the following are most useful as markers?
Microsetellites
There are two alleles (usually) for RFLP's
How are minisatellites typed?
Southern Hybridisation
Gel Electrophoresis
PCR
There are more than 10^10 SNP's in the human genome
