Lectures 11 & 12- Enzymes

What are enzymes?

What is the role of the enzyme papain?

What is the role of the enzyme trypsin?

What is the role of the enzyme thrombin?

What often happens to the energy of the reactants in enzyme controlled reactions?

What is the active site of an enzyme?

What are the residues of the active site called and what do they do?

How do substrates bind to the active site?

How is it that only specific substrates bind to an active site?

What is the lock and key model?

What is the induced fit model?

What are co-factors?

What are co-enzymes?

What are apoenzymes?

What are haloenzymes?

What are isoenzymes?

What different properties do isoenzymes usually display?

What are the symptoms of Hurler syndrome?

What causes Hurler syndrome?

What is the treatment for Hurler syndrome?

What are the symptoms of Neimann-pick disease?

What causes Neimann-pick disease?

What symptoms occur in Tay Sachs disease?

What causes Tay Sachs disease?

What are the symptoms of Homosystinuria?

What causes homosystinuria?

How do enzymes effect the energy of enzyme controlled reactions?

Do enzymes alter the free energy difference between the products and reactants?

What is the activation energy?

How do enzymes accelerate a reaction?

How do enzymes increase the rate of reaction?

What are oxidoreductases?

What are transferases?

What are lyases?

What are synthases?

What are isomerases?

What are Ligases?

What are hydrolases?

What are helicases?

What are kinases?

What factors effect the rate of enzymes controlled reactions?

If you are increasing the concentration of the substrate what is the saturation point

If you are increasing enzyme concentration what is the saturation point?

What is the optimum enzyme temperature in the human body?

What is Vmax?

What is Km?

What does Km measure?

What does the value of Km represent?

What is Km often used to distinguish between?

What values of Vmax and Km would an efficient enzyme have?

Name two process in which the role of Km is important

What is alcohol converted to by the body?

What enzyme converts alcohol to acetaldehyde and vice versa?

What are the two types of reversible inhibition?

How do competitive inhibitors work?

What does the competitive inhibitor Disulfiram (Antabuse) inhibit?

What are the symptoms of methanol poisoning and how are they caused?

How is methanol poisoning treated?

How do non competitive inhibitors work?

What is Nifedipine used to treat?

How does Nifedipine work?

How do irreversible inhibitors work?

What do MAOIs do?

What are MAOIs often used to treat?

What happens if MAOIs are ingested orally?

How does uncompetitive inhibition work?

How do end product inhibitors work?

What are zymogen?

What is proteolysis?

How are enzymes used as cardiac biomarkers?

What is troponin?

How does ELISA work?