A subtrochanteric fracture of the hip involves a fracture between the greater and lesser trochanter.
Total hip replacements are usually called for hip fractures because the acetabulum does not have a redundant blood supply resulting in avascular necrosis.
AVN stands for .
FAI stands for . A bump on the femur is a . Extra growth that extends the rim of the acetabulum is a .
Treatment for a FAI is typically a THR.
An acetabular labral tear usually results in dislocation of the hip.
Which of these is true about trochanteric bursitis?
involves the greater and lesser trochanter
is a macro trauma disorder
may occur with a little bit of hip drop
occurs due to compressing and rubbing of bursa and associated tendons
Osteoarthritis at the hip occurs due to narrowing space between acetabulum and femoral head. Resultant grinding rubs away joint cartilage and usually requires a THR.
Which of these is not a precaution for THR posterolateral approach?
external rotation
internal rotation
adduction
more than 90 flexion
Which of these is true about ACL rupture?
highest incidence is in women older than 50s
bone tendon bone reconstruction of ACL uses central 3rd of achilles tendon
occurs due to rapid acceleration during sport activities
more common in adolescent females
Which of these is true about MCL rupture?
occurs with LCL and medial meniscus tear
force required for rupture is a varus force
the medial meniscus is highly vascularized and often will heal on its own
the MCL is attached to the ACL and medial meniscus
It is rare for an LCL to be due to microtrauma.
PCL tear occurs frequently in car accidents when tibia slams into dashboard and femur travels backwards on tibia.
Which of these is true about menisci of knee?
a bucket handle tear happens in the lateral edge of the meniscus
the most superficial zone of the meniscus is partially vascularized
damage to medial part of meniscus will probably not heal
all tears to the meniscus require knee replacements
Patellofemoral pain syndrome...
occurs due to excessive wearing of infrapatellar tendon
occurs due to excessive wearing of underside of patella on femoral condyle
is usually corrected with surgery
can be relieved if the patella is retrained to move laterally.
When the patella dislocated it almost always dislocates ❌.
Patellar tendonitis occurs when there is too much stress coming on to the ligament of the knee.
Pes anserine bursitis most often occurs in older men and involves the lateral knee.
Inversion of the ankle usually involves injury to the .
is an over injury in which the posterior tibialis is used to maintain the arch of the foot rather than having proper alignment of tarsal bones.
Plantar fascitis is heel pain with point tenderness at calcaneal tubercle.
Which of these is true about morton's neuroma?
frequently develops between 2nd and 3rd metatarsal
pain occurs during rest
metatarsal cookie can relieve pain
pain occurs during weight bearing and at rest
Which of these is true about toe deformities?
flexion at MTPJ, extension at PIP and flexion at DIP joint is a hammer toe
hyperextension of MTP, flexion at DIP and PIP is claw toe
extension at MTPJ, PIP and DIP is hammer toe
hyperextension of MTPJ and DIP, with PIP flexion is mallet toe
Which of these is not true about pes planus?
longitudinal arch flattens out
posterior tibialis tendon may become enlarged and thickened
sole of foot becomes lengthened
cuboid makes full contact with floor
Hallux abducto valgus is due to excessive lateral drift of 1st ray due to an external rotation of foot.
Which of these is true about pes varus?
the navicular make contact with the floor
often due to improper foot wear
occurs due to lots of flexion of MTPJ
normal flattening of arch of foot during walking is restricted
ATFL tear occurs due to an inversion and dorsiflexion injury to the ankle.
Aside from an ATFL tear in the ankle, the ligament or ligament may tear.
