What is an Atheroma?
Artifical thickening of arterial cell walls that excludes a thick lipid mix
Artificial coarsening of arterial cell walls that shed bacteria into the bloodstram
Bacterial biofilm forming over the cell wall
What causes the Endothelial Dysfunction that begins atheroma growth?
Cigarette smoke
Excess LDL's
Bacterial infection
Autoimmune disorders
Diabetes
What happens to epithelial cells during Endothelial Dysfunction?
They become lipoprotein soluble and lose cell repellant quality
They become lipoprotein inoluble and gain cell repellant quality
They become lipoprotein soluble and gain cell repellant quality
VCAM- A monocyte adhesion molecule that allows them to enter the vascular wall
Once monocytes convert to macrophages in tissue, what do they produce?
ROS
Acids
Bases
During Lipid Deposition, lipids can easily enter the damaged endothelial walls
What happens to LDL's once they enter the tissue
They're oxidied by macrophages
They're reduced by macrophages
LDLs are so easily reduced due to low tissue antioxidants
What happens when Macrophages take up too many LDL's?
They become dying Foam cells
They become dying Plasma cells
They become dying Mast cels
As the macrophages die, the release lipid pools
Name the two main components of the plaque?
Foam cells
Lipid pools
LDLs
Mast cells
Plasma cells
Vascular cells form a fibrous cap over the developing clot
What, potentially can happen to the fibrous plaque coat?
It calcifies and fissures at the edges
It becomes layered with t-cells and macrophages
Bacteria stick to it and invade tissues
Name the effect of arterial plaques
Blood flow decreases
Blood pressure rises
Blood flow increases
Plaque forces artery to widen
